Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of different dosages of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction (葛根芩连汤) on type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients from low dosage group (20 cases), me...Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of different dosages of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction (葛根芩连汤) on type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients from low dosage group (20 cases), medium dosage group (19 cases) and high dosage group (15 cases) were treated with different dosage of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction for 12 weeks. Fasting blood-glucose (FBG), postprandial blood sugar (PBG) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbAlc) were determined before and after treatment. Results: With the increase of dosage, the overall effective rate of glycaemic control increased, and FBG, PBG, HbAlc decreased. The overall effective rate of blood glucose control of high dosage, medium dosage and low dosage group were 80%, 47%, 30% respectively, and there were significant differences between high dosage group and low dosage group. The decrease of FBG, PBG and HbAlc of high dosage showed significant differences from low dosage too. These data was analyzed by trend χ2 test and covariance analysis. Conclusion: The result indicated that different dosage of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction has dose-effect relationship in reducing HbAlc and FBG.展开更多
Radix Astragali,a Chinese herbal medicine possessing important cardiovascular pharmacologic effects,is widely applied for the treatment of chronic heart failure（CHF） in clinical practice.This paper summarizes briefl...Radix Astragali,a Chinese herbal medicine possessing important cardiovascular pharmacologic effects,is widely applied for the treatment of chronic heart failure（CHF） in clinical practice.This paper summarizes briefly the researches in the last 10 years on its chemical compositions,effective ingredients for improving cardiac function,dose-effect relationship in treating CHF,and adverse reactions that occurred in clinical practice.展开更多
Background:Antibiotic growth promoters are widely used to improve weight gain.However,the abuse of antibiotics can have many negative effects on people.Developing alternatives to antibiotics is an urgent need in lives...Background:Antibiotic growth promoters are widely used to improve weight gain.However,the abuse of antibiotics can have many negative effects on people.Developing alternatives to antibiotics is an urgent need in livestock production.We aimed to perform a meta-analysis and network meta-analysis(NMA)to investigate the effects of feed additives as potential antibiotic substitutes(ASs)on bacteriostasis,growth performance,intestinal morphology and immunity.Furthermore,the primary,secondary,and tertiary ASs were defined by comparing their results with the results of antibiotics.Results:Among 16,309 identified studies,37 were summarized to study the bacteriostasis effects of feed additives,and 89 were included in the meta-analysis and NMA(10,228 pigs).We summarized 268 associations of 57 interventions with 32 bacteria.The order of bacteriostasis effects was as follows:antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)≈antibiotics>organic acids>plant extracts>oligosaccharides.We detected associations of 11 feed additives and 11 outcomes.Compared with a basal diet,plant extract,AMPs,probiotics,microelements,organic acids,bacteriophages,lysozyme,zymin,and oligosaccharides significantly improved growth performance(P<0.05);organic acids,probiotics,microelements,lysozyme,and AMPs remarkably increased the villus height:crypt depth ratio(V/C)(P<0.05);and plant extracts,zymin,microelements,probiotics,and organic acids notably improved immunity(P<0.05).The optimal AMP,bacteriophage,lysozyme,microelements,oligosaccharides,organic acids,plants,plant extracts,probiotics,and zymin doses were 0.100%,0.150%,0.012%,0.010%,0.050%,0.750%,0.20%,0.040%,0.180%,and 0.100%,respectively.Compared with antibiotics,all investigated feed additives exhibited no significant difference in effects on growth performance,IgG,and diarrhoea index/rate(P>0.05);AMPs and microelements significantly increased V/C(P<0.05);and zymin significantly improved lymphocyte levels(P<0.05).Furthermore,linear weighting sum models were used to comprehensively estimate the overall impact of ea展开更多
AIM:To determine the optimal dosage and mechanism of Ginkgolide B(BN52021) on severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) of rats.METHODS:Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups(10 for each group).Shamoper...AIM:To determine the optimal dosage and mechanism of Ginkgolide B(BN52021) on severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) of rats.METHODS:Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups(10 for each group).Shamoperation group(SO),SAP model group(SAP),dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) contrast group(DMSO),and groups treated with 2.5 mg/kg BN52021(BN1),5 mg/kg BN52021(BN2),10 mg/kg BN52021(BN3),and 20 μg/kg Sandostatin(SS).The SAP model was established in Wistar rats by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate retrogradely into the common bilio-pancreatic duct.The rats of SO,DMSO and BN52021 were injected with 0.9% NaCl,0.5% DMSO and BN52021 through femoral vein 15 min after the operation.The SS group was injected with Sandostatin subcutaneously.All rats were anaesthetized at 6 h after operation,and venous blood was collected to determine the levels of serum amylase and phospholipase A2(PLA2),and pancreas tissue was harvested and stained.RESULTS:There was no significant difference between the SAP and DMSO groups in serum amylase level,PLA2,ascites and pathologic score,but significant difference was found in SAP/DMSO groups compared with those in SO group(P < 0.05) and the levels of serum amylase,PLA2,ascites,and pathologic score were lower in the BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups than in the SAP and DMSO groups(P < 0.05).However,among BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups,BN2 had the best effect in decreasing the levels of serum amylase and PLA2(P < 0.05).Expression of platelet activating factor(PAF) receptor(PAFR) mRNA and protein showed no significant difference between the SAP and DMSO groups,or among BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups,but there was remarkable difference between SAP/DMSO group and SO group(P < 0.05),and expression of PAFR mRNA and protein was higher in the BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups than in the SAP and DMSO groups(P < 0.05).PAFR expression was observed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of pancreatic islet cells in Wistar rats by immunohistochemistry.CONCLUSION:By iv injection,5 mg/kg of BN52021 is the optimal dosage for SAP rats.BN52021 may i展开更多
Objective：To explore the dose-effect relationship of Astragalus granule（AG） on improving the quality of life（QOL） of the patients with chronic heart failure（CHF）.Methods：Ninety CHF patients of Fei（肺）-qi def...Objective：To explore the dose-effect relationship of Astragalus granule（AG） on improving the quality of life（QOL） of the patients with chronic heart failure（CHF）.Methods：Ninety CHF patients of Fei（肺）-qi deficiency and/or Xin（心）-Shen（肾） yang-deficiency syndromes were equally randomized divided with a random number table into three groups;they received the high（7.5 g）,moderate（4.5 g）,and low dosage（2.25 g） of AG orally taken twice a day,respectively,and 4 mg of perindopril tablet once a day for 30 successive days.The heart function grade,patients＇ left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF） and walking distance in 6 min（6mWD） were measured before and after treatment,and the patients＇ QOL was scored by the Minnesota Questionnaire for QOL evaluation in the patients with CHF at the same time.Results：The heart function grades of all the three groups after treatment were improved compared with those before treatment,but the improvements in high-dose group and moderate dose group were better than that in the low dose group（P0.05）.LVEFs were increased significantly in all the three groups,but the improvements in the high-dose group（59.42%±7.50%） and moderate dose group（61.98%±6.82%） were better than that in the low dose group（51.45%±6.80%,P0.01）; the 6mWDs in the all groups were also significantly increased（P0.01）,up to 419.80136.23 m,387.15134.13 m, and 317.69±39.97 m,respectively;and Minnesota scores in them were lowered to 29.59±4.69 scores,35.74±5.89 scores,and 42.78±6.06 scores,respectively;comparisons in aspects on 6mWD and Minnesota score showed that the effectiveness with high dose is the most effective,moderate dose as the second,and low dose as the lowest（P0.01）.Conclusions：AG was sufficient to display an optimal effect on improving heart contraction at the moderate dose.In aspects of improving the QOL of CHF patients,the effectiveness of AG showed a dosedependent trend.It should be applied discriminatively depending on the展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the National Basic Research Program (973 Program, No.2010CB530601)
文摘Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of different dosages of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction (葛根芩连汤) on type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients from low dosage group (20 cases), medium dosage group (19 cases) and high dosage group (15 cases) were treated with different dosage of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction for 12 weeks. Fasting blood-glucose (FBG), postprandial blood sugar (PBG) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbAlc) were determined before and after treatment. Results: With the increase of dosage, the overall effective rate of glycaemic control increased, and FBG, PBG, HbAlc decreased. The overall effective rate of blood glucose control of high dosage, medium dosage and low dosage group were 80%, 47%, 30% respectively, and there were significant differences between high dosage group and low dosage group. The decrease of FBG, PBG and HbAlc of high dosage showed significant differences from low dosage too. These data was analyzed by trend χ2 test and covariance analysis. Conclusion: The result indicated that different dosage of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction has dose-effect relationship in reducing HbAlc and FBG.
文摘Radix Astragali,a Chinese herbal medicine possessing important cardiovascular pharmacologic effects,is widely applied for the treatment of chronic heart failure（CHF） in clinical practice.This paper summarizes briefly the researches in the last 10 years on its chemical compositions,effective ingredients for improving cardiac function,dose-effect relationship in treating CHF,and adverse reactions that occurred in clinical practice.
基金supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3163000269)National Special Fund for Modern Industrial Technology System(CARS-35)Major Science and Technology Special Fund of Zhejiang Province(2015C02022)。
文摘Background:Antibiotic growth promoters are widely used to improve weight gain.However,the abuse of antibiotics can have many negative effects on people.Developing alternatives to antibiotics is an urgent need in livestock production.We aimed to perform a meta-analysis and network meta-analysis(NMA)to investigate the effects of feed additives as potential antibiotic substitutes(ASs)on bacteriostasis,growth performance,intestinal morphology and immunity.Furthermore,the primary,secondary,and tertiary ASs were defined by comparing their results with the results of antibiotics.Results:Among 16,309 identified studies,37 were summarized to study the bacteriostasis effects of feed additives,and 89 were included in the meta-analysis and NMA(10,228 pigs).We summarized 268 associations of 57 interventions with 32 bacteria.The order of bacteriostasis effects was as follows:antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)≈antibiotics>organic acids>plant extracts>oligosaccharides.We detected associations of 11 feed additives and 11 outcomes.Compared with a basal diet,plant extract,AMPs,probiotics,microelements,organic acids,bacteriophages,lysozyme,zymin,and oligosaccharides significantly improved growth performance(P<0.05);organic acids,probiotics,microelements,lysozyme,and AMPs remarkably increased the villus height:crypt depth ratio(V/C)(P<0.05);and plant extracts,zymin,microelements,probiotics,and organic acids notably improved immunity(P<0.05).The optimal AMP,bacteriophage,lysozyme,microelements,oligosaccharides,organic acids,plants,plant extracts,probiotics,and zymin doses were 0.100%,0.150%,0.012%,0.010%,0.050%,0.750%,0.20%,0.040%,0.180%,and 0.100%,respectively.Compared with antibiotics,all investigated feed additives exhibited no significant difference in effects on growth performance,IgG,and diarrhoea index/rate(P>0.05);AMPs and microelements significantly increased V/C(P<0.05);and zymin significantly improved lymphocyte levels(P<0.05).Furthermore,linear weighting sum models were used to comprehensively estimate the overall impact of ea
基金Supported by Two grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30300465 and No. 30772883
文摘AIM:To determine the optimal dosage and mechanism of Ginkgolide B(BN52021) on severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) of rats.METHODS:Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups(10 for each group).Shamoperation group(SO),SAP model group(SAP),dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) contrast group(DMSO),and groups treated with 2.5 mg/kg BN52021(BN1),5 mg/kg BN52021(BN2),10 mg/kg BN52021(BN3),and 20 μg/kg Sandostatin(SS).The SAP model was established in Wistar rats by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate retrogradely into the common bilio-pancreatic duct.The rats of SO,DMSO and BN52021 were injected with 0.9% NaCl,0.5% DMSO and BN52021 through femoral vein 15 min after the operation.The SS group was injected with Sandostatin subcutaneously.All rats were anaesthetized at 6 h after operation,and venous blood was collected to determine the levels of serum amylase and phospholipase A2(PLA2),and pancreas tissue was harvested and stained.RESULTS:There was no significant difference between the SAP and DMSO groups in serum amylase level,PLA2,ascites and pathologic score,but significant difference was found in SAP/DMSO groups compared with those in SO group(P < 0.05) and the levels of serum amylase,PLA2,ascites,and pathologic score were lower in the BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups than in the SAP and DMSO groups(P < 0.05).However,among BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups,BN2 had the best effect in decreasing the levels of serum amylase and PLA2(P < 0.05).Expression of platelet activating factor(PAF) receptor(PAFR) mRNA and protein showed no significant difference between the SAP and DMSO groups,or among BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups,but there was remarkable difference between SAP/DMSO group and SO group(P < 0.05),and expression of PAFR mRNA and protein was higher in the BN1,BN2,BN3 and SS groups than in the SAP and DMSO groups(P < 0.05).PAFR expression was observed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of pancreatic islet cells in Wistar rats by immunohistochemistry.CONCLUSION:By iv injection,5 mg/kg of BN52021 is the optimal dosage for SAP rats.BN52021 may i
基金Supported by the Funds of Scientific and Technological Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine,Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration of Jiangsu Province,China(No. HL07113)
文摘Objective：To explore the dose-effect relationship of Astragalus granule（AG） on improving the quality of life（QOL） of the patients with chronic heart failure（CHF）.Methods：Ninety CHF patients of Fei（肺）-qi deficiency and/or Xin（心）-Shen（肾） yang-deficiency syndromes were equally randomized divided with a random number table into three groups;they received the high（7.5 g）,moderate（4.5 g）,and low dosage（2.25 g） of AG orally taken twice a day,respectively,and 4 mg of perindopril tablet once a day for 30 successive days.The heart function grade,patients＇ left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF） and walking distance in 6 min（6mWD） were measured before and after treatment,and the patients＇ QOL was scored by the Minnesota Questionnaire for QOL evaluation in the patients with CHF at the same time.Results：The heart function grades of all the three groups after treatment were improved compared with those before treatment,but the improvements in high-dose group and moderate dose group were better than that in the low dose group（P0.05）.LVEFs were increased significantly in all the three groups,but the improvements in the high-dose group（59.42%±7.50%） and moderate dose group（61.98%±6.82%） were better than that in the low dose group（51.45%±6.80%,P0.01）; the 6mWDs in the all groups were also significantly increased（P0.01）,up to 419.80136.23 m,387.15134.13 m, and 317.69±39.97 m,respectively;and Minnesota scores in them were lowered to 29.59±4.69 scores,35.74±5.89 scores,and 42.78±6.06 scores,respectively;comparisons in aspects on 6mWD and Minnesota score showed that the effectiveness with high dose is the most effective,moderate dose as the second,and low dose as the lowest（P0.01）.Conclusions：AG was sufficient to display an optimal effect on improving heart contraction at the moderate dose.In aspects of improving the QOL of CHF patients,the effectiveness of AG showed a dosedependent trend.It should be applied discriminatively depending on the
