Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the brain.Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking it...Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the brain.Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE pathogenesis.In the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,DPI)and chronic phase(28DPI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic phases.Dendritic complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(DG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early phase.Moreover,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and DG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the DG subregion during the chronic phase.Furthermore,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(Il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic phase.Similarly,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC expression.Primary cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory cytokines.Collectively,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hippocampal dysfunctions in EAE.展开更多
The plant cytoskeleton undergoes dynamic remodeling in response to diverse developmental and environmental cues. Remodeling of the cytoskeleton coordinates growth in plant cells, including trafficking and exocytosis o...The plant cytoskeleton undergoes dynamic remodeling in response to diverse developmental and environmental cues. Remodeling of the cytoskeleton coordinates growth in plant cells, including trafficking and exocytosis of membrane and wall components during cell expansion, and regulation of hypocotyl elongation in response to light. Cytoskeletal remodeling also has key functions in disease resistance and abiotic stress responses. Many stimuli result in altered activity of cytoskeleton-associatedproteins,microtubuleassociated proteins(MAPs) and actin-binding proteins(ABPs). MAPs and ABPs are the main players determining the spatiotemporally dynamic nature of the cytoskeleton, functioning in a sensory hub that decodes signals to modulate plant cytoskeletal behavior. Moreover, MAP and ABP activities and levels are precisely regulated during development and environmental responses, but our understanding of this process remains limited. In this review, we summarize the evidence linking multiple signaling pathways, MAP and ABP activities and levels, and cytoskeletal rearrangements in plant cells. We highlight advances in elucidating the multiple mechanisms that regulate MAP and ABP activities and levels, including calcium and calmodulin signaling, ROP GTPase activity, phospholipid signaling, and post-translational modifications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a common malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality rates globally,especially in East Asian countries.Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a significant and independent risk...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a common malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality rates globally,especially in East Asian countries.Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a significant and independent risk factor for GC.However,its underlying mechanism of action is not fully understood.Dickkopf-related protein(DKK)1 is a Wnt signaling antagonist,and cytoskeleton-associated protein(CKAP)4 is a newly identified DKK1 receptor.Recent studies found that the binding of DKK1 to CAKP4 mediated the procancer signaling of DKK1 independent of Wnt signaling.We hypothesize that H.pylori-induced activation of DKK1/CKAP4 signaling contributes to the initiation and progression of GC.AIM To investigate the interaction of H.pylori infection,DKK1 and CAKP4 in GC,as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between H.pylori-infected and uninfected primary GC cells.Gain-and loss-offunction experiments were performed to verify the H.pylori-induced upregulation of activator protein-1(AP-1)in GC cells.A dual-luciferase reporter assay and co-immunoprecipitation were used to determine the binding of AP-1 to the DKK1 promoter and DKK1 to CKAP4.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry detected the expression of DKK1,CKAP4,and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)pathway-related proteins in GC cells and tissues.Functional experiments and tumorigenicity in nude mice detected malignant behavior of GC cells in vitro and in vivo.RESULTS We identified 32 DEGs between primary GC cells with and without H.pylori infection,including JUN,fos-like antigen-1(FOSL1),and DKK1,and confirmed that the three proteins and CKAP4 were highly expressed in H.pylori-infected GC cells,H.pylori-infected gerbil gastric tissues,and human GC tissues.JUN and FOSL1 form AP-1 to transcriptionally activate DKK1 expression by binding to the DKK1 promoter.Activated DKK1 bound to CKAP4,but not the most common Wnt coreceptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6,to promot展开更多
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) was originally identified in patients with seizures. It is densely distributed in the hip-pocampus and amygdala in particular. Because the expression of ...Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) was originally identified in patients with seizures. It is densely distributed in the hip-pocampus and amygdala in particular. Because the expression of Arc/Arg3.1 is regulated by nerve in-puts, it is thought to be an immediate early gene. As shown both in vitro and in vivo, Arc/Arg3.1 is in-volved in synaptic consolidation and regulates some forms of learning and memory in rats and mice [1,2]. Furthermore, a recent study suggests that Arc/Arg3.1 may play a significant role in signal transmission via AMPA-type glutamate receptors [3-5]. Therefore, we conducted a detailed analysis of fear memory in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice. As previously reported, the knockout animals exhib-ited impaired fear memory in both contextual and cued test situations. Although Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice showed almost the same performance as wild-type littermates 4 hr after a conditioning trial, their performance was impaired in the retention test after 24 hr or longer, either with or without reconsolidation. Immunohistochemical analyses showed an abnormal density of GluR1 in the hip-pocampus of Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice;however, an application of AMPA potentiator did not improve memory performance in the mutant mice. Memory impairment in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice is so ro-bust that the mice provide a useful tool for devel-oping treatments for memory impairment.展开更多
The malignancy of a cancer is due partly to its poor differentiation. Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is found to induce the highly malignant B16-BL6 mouse melanoma cells to differentiate to mature phe...The malignancy of a cancer is due partly to its poor differentiation. Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is found to induce the highly malignant B16-BL6 mouse melanoma cells to differentiate to mature phenotypes. When Triton X-100 insoluble fraction of the differentiated cells is prepared and analyzed, tyrosine phosphorylation levels of three cytoskeleton-associated proteins (65, 60 and 53 ku respectively) are found to decrease dramatically. But no any change is found when phosphotyrosine contents of the cytosol fraction or the total cellular protein preparations are evaluated. It is concluded that cytoskeleton-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation may be involved in the control of differentiation of cancer cells. The decrease of phosphotyrosine contents of cytoskeleton-associated proteins may be one of the important mechanisms underlying the differentiation induction of cancer cells by anticancer agents.展开更多
目的探讨益肾通络方对膜性肾病大鼠的肾脏保护作用及可能的机制。方法健康雄性SD大鼠60只随机分为对照组10只和造模组50只,造模组采用尾iv阳离子化牛血清白蛋白(C-BSA)的方法复制膜性肾病大鼠模型。造模成功后再随机分为模型组、盐酸贝...目的探讨益肾通络方对膜性肾病大鼠的肾脏保护作用及可能的机制。方法健康雄性SD大鼠60只随机分为对照组10只和造模组50只,造模组采用尾iv阳离子化牛血清白蛋白(C-BSA)的方法复制膜性肾病大鼠模型。造模成功后再随机分为模型组、盐酸贝那普利组和益肾通络方低、中、高剂量(6.61、13.22、26.44 g/kg)组,各组按照相应剂量ig给药,每天1次,连续给药4周。给药结束后检测大鼠24 h尿蛋白定量(UTP)、血清总胆固醇(TC)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)水平;免疫荧光检测各组大鼠肾组织Ig G免疫复合物沉积情况,电镜下观察肾小球基底膜及足细胞形态结构;免疫组化及实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)法检测各组大鼠肾足细胞骨架相关蛋白ezrin、synaptopodin的表达。结果与模型组比较,各治疗组大鼠UTP、TC水平均显著下降(P<0.01),TP、ALB水平均显著上升(P<0.01);益肾通络方中、高剂量组与盐酸贝那普利组疗效相当,效果优于益肾通络方低剂量组;各组大鼠BUN、Scr相比无明显差异。与对照组比较,模型组大鼠肾足细胞骨架相关蛋白ezrin、synaptopodin m RNA表达显著减少(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各治疗组大鼠肾足细胞相关蛋白ezrin、synaptopodin m RNA表达均有不同程度增加(P<0.01);益肾通络方中、高剂量组大鼠肾组织ezrin、synaptopodin m RNA表达量与盐酸贝那普利组相当,均高于益肾通络方低剂量组。结论益肾通络方对膜性肾病大鼠具有治疗作用,其机制可能与防止足细胞骨架相关蛋白ezrin、synaptopodin降解、维持足细胞骨架及足突结构完整性相关。展开更多
目的研究细胞骨架关联蛋白4(cytoskeleton-associated protein 4,CKAP4)检测在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法收集2019年1月至2019年11月医院收治并经病理确诊的治疗前肺癌患者232例及健康人群160例作为对照,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清CKAP4...目的研究细胞骨架关联蛋白4(cytoskeleton-associated protein 4,CKAP4)检测在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法收集2019年1月至2019年11月医院收治并经病理确诊的治疗前肺癌患者232例及健康人群160例作为对照,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清CKAP4水平、化学发光免疫分析法检测血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19可溶性片段(CYFRA21-1)。结果通过健康人群样本数据拟合正态曲线取第95百分位数建立CKAP4参考区间,为0~17.40ng/L,此时CKAP4肺癌诊断灵敏度为29.8%,特异性为95.0%,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.68;其灵敏度显著优于CEA、CYFRA21-1对相同样本所显示的灵敏度;联合CEA、CYFRA21-1对中、晚期肺癌诊断的AUC可达0.85、0.93。血清CKAP4水平随肺癌TNM分期进展而升高,在不同肿瘤分化程度、肺癌类型、肿瘤大小、区域淋巴结转移程度、远处转移情况中差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血清CKAP4检测在肺癌诊断的灵敏度上优于CEA、CYFRA21-1,与肺癌进展和病理关系密切,且特异性较高,可用于排除肺肿瘤方面的筛查和分期评估。展开更多
目的本研究主要分析细胞骨架相关蛋白2样蛋白(cytoskeleton associated protein 2 like protein,CKAP2L)在卵巢癌中的表达及临床意义。方法选取2018年2月至2020年5月在太原市中心医院行卵巢癌根治术的卵巢癌患者87例,收集其卵巢癌组织...目的本研究主要分析细胞骨架相关蛋白2样蛋白(cytoskeleton associated protein 2 like protein,CKAP2L)在卵巢癌中的表达及临床意义。方法选取2018年2月至2020年5月在太原市中心医院行卵巢癌根治术的卵巢癌患者87例,收集其卵巢癌组织及距癌灶边缘>2 cm的癌旁组织。实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)法测定卵巢癌组织及癌旁组织中CKAP2L的mRNA表达,免疫组化法分析卵巢癌组织及癌旁组织中CKAP2L的蛋白表达。Kaplan-Meier法分析卵巢癌组织中CKAP2L表达与患者预后的关系。结果CKAP2L在卵巢癌组织中mRNA表达显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。卵巢癌组织中CKAP2L的蛋白阳性表达率显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。卵巢癌组织中CKAP2L mRNA表达与患者肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移、FIGO分期、浸润深度有关(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier分析结果表明,卵巢癌患者3年总生存率为80.46%;CKAP2L低表达患者3年总生存率为显著高于CKAP2L高表达患者(Log-rankχ^(2)=8.316,P=0.004)。患者3年无复发生存率为77.01%;CKAP2L低表达患者3年无复发生存率显著高于CKAP2L高表达患者(Log-rankχ^(2)=8.921,P=0.003)。结论CKAP2L在卵巢癌组织中高表达,与FIGO分期、淋巴结转移等有关,是卵巢癌患者死亡的影响因素。展开更多
目的:研究细胞骨架相关蛋白2(cytoskeleton-associated protein 2,CKAP2)对肝癌细胞的增殖、凋亡和迁移的作用及其机制。方法:培养正常肝细胞L02和肝癌细胞系HepG2,Huh7和SMMC-7721。采用实时PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测CKAP2的表达水平。进...目的:研究细胞骨架相关蛋白2(cytoskeleton-associated protein 2,CKAP2)对肝癌细胞的增殖、凋亡和迁移的作用及其机制。方法:培养正常肝细胞L02和肝癌细胞系HepG2,Huh7和SMMC-7721。采用实时PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测CKAP2的表达水平。进一步将HepG2细胞分为对照(Control)组、阴性对照(NC)组和沉默CKAP2(siCKAP2)组。NC组和siCKAP2组细胞分别转染siControl和siCKAP2。采用CKK-8法检测细胞活性,BrdU掺入法检测细胞增殖,凋亡试剂盒检测细胞凋亡,transwell实验检测细胞的迁移和侵袭。采用蛋白质印迹法检测cleavedcaspase 3,Bax,E-cadherin,N-cadherin,Vimentin以及磷酸化的Janus激酶2(Janus kinase 2,JAK2)和磷酸化的信号转导和转录激活因子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3)的蛋白质表达水平。结果:与正常肝细胞L02比较,CKAP2在肝癌细胞系HepG2,Huh7和SMMC-7721中的表达显著上调(均P<0.05)。与NC组比较,siCKAP2组细胞活性和增殖率显著下降(均P<0.05);细胞凋亡率升高,cleaved-caspase 3和Bax的蛋白质表达水平显著上调(均P<0.05);细胞迁移和侵袭显著减少(均P<0.05);E-cadherin蛋白质表达水平显著上调,Vimentin,Ncadherin,磷酸化的JAK2和磷酸化的STAT3的蛋白质表达水平显著下调(均P<0.05)。结论:沉默CKAP2基因抑制肝癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,促进其凋亡,JAK2/STAT3信号通路可能参与这些过程。展开更多
细胞骨架相关蛋白4(cytoskeleton-associated protein 4,CKAP4)即p63,是一种非糖基化的Ⅱ型膜蛋白。CKAP4在组织、细胞以及血清中的表达可作为多种肿瘤的诊断性标志物,并与这些肿瘤的预后有一定相关性。该文对CKAP4的亚型和功能,以及CK...细胞骨架相关蛋白4(cytoskeleton-associated protein 4,CKAP4)即p63,是一种非糖基化的Ⅱ型膜蛋白。CKAP4在组织、细胞以及血清中的表达可作为多种肿瘤的诊断性标志物,并与这些肿瘤的预后有一定相关性。该文对CKAP4的亚型和功能,以及CKAP4作为肿瘤诊断性、预后性指标的研究及应用进行了综述。展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF)of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2022R1A2C100402212RS-2023-00219517)。
文摘Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the brain.Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE pathogenesis.In the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,DPI)and chronic phase(28DPI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic phases.Dendritic complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(DG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early phase.Moreover,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and DG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the DG subregion during the chronic phase.Furthermore,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(Il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic phase.Similarly,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC expression.Primary cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory cytokines.Collectively,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hippocampal dysfunctions in EAE.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771493, 32030010)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (111 Project, B13007)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M641219,2019T120057)。
文摘The plant cytoskeleton undergoes dynamic remodeling in response to diverse developmental and environmental cues. Remodeling of the cytoskeleton coordinates growth in plant cells, including trafficking and exocytosis of membrane and wall components during cell expansion, and regulation of hypocotyl elongation in response to light. Cytoskeletal remodeling also has key functions in disease resistance and abiotic stress responses. Many stimuli result in altered activity of cytoskeleton-associatedproteins,microtubuleassociated proteins(MAPs) and actin-binding proteins(ABPs). MAPs and ABPs are the main players determining the spatiotemporally dynamic nature of the cytoskeleton, functioning in a sensory hub that decodes signals to modulate plant cytoskeletal behavior. Moreover, MAP and ABP activities and levels are precisely regulated during development and environmental responses, but our understanding of this process remains limited. In this review, we summarize the evidence linking multiple signaling pathways, MAP and ABP activities and levels, and cytoskeletal rearrangements in plant cells. We highlight advances in elucidating the multiple mechanisms that regulate MAP and ABP activities and levels, including calcium and calmodulin signaling, ROP GTPase activity, phospholipid signaling, and post-translational modifications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32160166,No.31760328,and No.31960028Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province,No.ZC[2020]4Y026,No.JC[2020]1Z010,No.JC[2020]1Y333,and No.ZK[2022]041Scientific Research Project of Guizhou Medical University,No.20NSP068.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a common malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality rates globally,especially in East Asian countries.Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a significant and independent risk factor for GC.However,its underlying mechanism of action is not fully understood.Dickkopf-related protein(DKK)1 is a Wnt signaling antagonist,and cytoskeleton-associated protein(CKAP)4 is a newly identified DKK1 receptor.Recent studies found that the binding of DKK1 to CAKP4 mediated the procancer signaling of DKK1 independent of Wnt signaling.We hypothesize that H.pylori-induced activation of DKK1/CKAP4 signaling contributes to the initiation and progression of GC.AIM To investigate the interaction of H.pylori infection,DKK1 and CAKP4 in GC,as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between H.pylori-infected and uninfected primary GC cells.Gain-and loss-offunction experiments were performed to verify the H.pylori-induced upregulation of activator protein-1(AP-1)in GC cells.A dual-luciferase reporter assay and co-immunoprecipitation were used to determine the binding of AP-1 to the DKK1 promoter and DKK1 to CKAP4.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry detected the expression of DKK1,CKAP4,and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)pathway-related proteins in GC cells and tissues.Functional experiments and tumorigenicity in nude mice detected malignant behavior of GC cells in vitro and in vivo.RESULTS We identified 32 DEGs between primary GC cells with and without H.pylori infection,including JUN,fos-like antigen-1(FOSL1),and DKK1,and confirmed that the three proteins and CKAP4 were highly expressed in H.pylori-infected GC cells,H.pylori-infected gerbil gastric tissues,and human GC tissues.JUN and FOSL1 form AP-1 to transcriptionally activate DKK1 expression by binding to the DKK1 promoter.Activated DKK1 bound to CKAP4,but not the most common Wnt coreceptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6,to promot
文摘Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) was originally identified in patients with seizures. It is densely distributed in the hip-pocampus and amygdala in particular. Because the expression of Arc/Arg3.1 is regulated by nerve in-puts, it is thought to be an immediate early gene. As shown both in vitro and in vivo, Arc/Arg3.1 is in-volved in synaptic consolidation and regulates some forms of learning and memory in rats and mice [1,2]. Furthermore, a recent study suggests that Arc/Arg3.1 may play a significant role in signal transmission via AMPA-type glutamate receptors [3-5]. Therefore, we conducted a detailed analysis of fear memory in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice. As previously reported, the knockout animals exhib-ited impaired fear memory in both contextual and cued test situations. Although Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice showed almost the same performance as wild-type littermates 4 hr after a conditioning trial, their performance was impaired in the retention test after 24 hr or longer, either with or without reconsolidation. Immunohistochemical analyses showed an abnormal density of GluR1 in the hip-pocampus of Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice;however, an application of AMPA potentiator did not improve memory performance in the mutant mice. Memory impairment in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice is so ro-bust that the mice provide a useful tool for devel-oping treatments for memory impairment.
文摘The malignancy of a cancer is due partly to its poor differentiation. Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is found to induce the highly malignant B16-BL6 mouse melanoma cells to differentiate to mature phenotypes. When Triton X-100 insoluble fraction of the differentiated cells is prepared and analyzed, tyrosine phosphorylation levels of three cytoskeleton-associated proteins (65, 60 and 53 ku respectively) are found to decrease dramatically. But no any change is found when phosphotyrosine contents of the cytosol fraction or the total cellular protein preparations are evaluated. It is concluded that cytoskeleton-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation may be involved in the control of differentiation of cancer cells. The decrease of phosphotyrosine contents of cytoskeleton-associated proteins may be one of the important mechanisms underlying the differentiation induction of cancer cells by anticancer agents.
文摘目的探讨益肾通络方对膜性肾病大鼠的肾脏保护作用及可能的机制。方法健康雄性SD大鼠60只随机分为对照组10只和造模组50只,造模组采用尾iv阳离子化牛血清白蛋白(C-BSA)的方法复制膜性肾病大鼠模型。造模成功后再随机分为模型组、盐酸贝那普利组和益肾通络方低、中、高剂量(6.61、13.22、26.44 g/kg)组,各组按照相应剂量ig给药,每天1次,连续给药4周。给药结束后检测大鼠24 h尿蛋白定量(UTP)、血清总胆固醇(TC)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)水平;免疫荧光检测各组大鼠肾组织Ig G免疫复合物沉积情况,电镜下观察肾小球基底膜及足细胞形态结构;免疫组化及实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)法检测各组大鼠肾足细胞骨架相关蛋白ezrin、synaptopodin的表达。结果与模型组比较,各治疗组大鼠UTP、TC水平均显著下降(P<0.01),TP、ALB水平均显著上升(P<0.01);益肾通络方中、高剂量组与盐酸贝那普利组疗效相当,效果优于益肾通络方低剂量组;各组大鼠BUN、Scr相比无明显差异。与对照组比较,模型组大鼠肾足细胞骨架相关蛋白ezrin、synaptopodin m RNA表达显著减少(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各治疗组大鼠肾足细胞相关蛋白ezrin、synaptopodin m RNA表达均有不同程度增加(P<0.01);益肾通络方中、高剂量组大鼠肾组织ezrin、synaptopodin m RNA表达量与盐酸贝那普利组相当,均高于益肾通络方低剂量组。结论益肾通络方对膜性肾病大鼠具有治疗作用,其机制可能与防止足细胞骨架相关蛋白ezrin、synaptopodin降解、维持足细胞骨架及足突结构完整性相关。
文摘目的研究细胞骨架关联蛋白4(cytoskeleton-associated protein 4,CKAP4)检测在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法收集2019年1月至2019年11月医院收治并经病理确诊的治疗前肺癌患者232例及健康人群160例作为对照,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清CKAP4水平、化学发光免疫分析法检测血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19可溶性片段(CYFRA21-1)。结果通过健康人群样本数据拟合正态曲线取第95百分位数建立CKAP4参考区间,为0~17.40ng/L,此时CKAP4肺癌诊断灵敏度为29.8%,特异性为95.0%,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.68;其灵敏度显著优于CEA、CYFRA21-1对相同样本所显示的灵敏度;联合CEA、CYFRA21-1对中、晚期肺癌诊断的AUC可达0.85、0.93。血清CKAP4水平随肺癌TNM分期进展而升高,在不同肿瘤分化程度、肺癌类型、肿瘤大小、区域淋巴结转移程度、远处转移情况中差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血清CKAP4检测在肺癌诊断的灵敏度上优于CEA、CYFRA21-1,与肺癌进展和病理关系密切,且特异性较高,可用于排除肺肿瘤方面的筛查和分期评估。
文摘目的:研究细胞骨架相关蛋白2(cytoskeleton-associated protein 2,CKAP2)对肝癌细胞的增殖、凋亡和迁移的作用及其机制。方法:培养正常肝细胞L02和肝癌细胞系HepG2,Huh7和SMMC-7721。采用实时PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测CKAP2的表达水平。进一步将HepG2细胞分为对照(Control)组、阴性对照(NC)组和沉默CKAP2(siCKAP2)组。NC组和siCKAP2组细胞分别转染siControl和siCKAP2。采用CKK-8法检测细胞活性,BrdU掺入法检测细胞增殖,凋亡试剂盒检测细胞凋亡,transwell实验检测细胞的迁移和侵袭。采用蛋白质印迹法检测cleavedcaspase 3,Bax,E-cadherin,N-cadherin,Vimentin以及磷酸化的Janus激酶2(Janus kinase 2,JAK2)和磷酸化的信号转导和转录激活因子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3)的蛋白质表达水平。结果:与正常肝细胞L02比较,CKAP2在肝癌细胞系HepG2,Huh7和SMMC-7721中的表达显著上调(均P<0.05)。与NC组比较,siCKAP2组细胞活性和增殖率显著下降(均P<0.05);细胞凋亡率升高,cleaved-caspase 3和Bax的蛋白质表达水平显著上调(均P<0.05);细胞迁移和侵袭显著减少(均P<0.05);E-cadherin蛋白质表达水平显著上调,Vimentin,Ncadherin,磷酸化的JAK2和磷酸化的STAT3的蛋白质表达水平显著下调(均P<0.05)。结论:沉默CKAP2基因抑制肝癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,促进其凋亡,JAK2/STAT3信号通路可能参与这些过程。
文摘细胞骨架相关蛋白4(cytoskeleton-associated protein 4,CKAP4)即p63,是一种非糖基化的Ⅱ型膜蛋白。CKAP4在组织、细胞以及血清中的表达可作为多种肿瘤的诊断性标志物,并与这些肿瘤的预后有一定相关性。该文对CKAP4的亚型和功能,以及CKAP4作为肿瘤诊断性、预后性指标的研究及应用进行了综述。
