Apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal projection plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although the detailed mechanisms responsible for dopaminergic neuron loss are st...Apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal projection plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although the detailed mechanisms responsible for dopaminergic neuron loss are still under investigation, oxidative stress is identified as a major contributor for neuronal apoptosis. In the current study, we studied the effects of MPP+, a substrate that mimics oxidative stress, on neuron-like PC12 cells and the underlying mechanisms. PC12 cells were cultured and treated by 100 μmol/L MPP+ for 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h, respectively. For drug pretreatment, the PC12 cells were incubated with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC, 5 mmol/L), an antioxidant, SP600125 (20 μmol/L) or PD98059 (100 μmol/L), two pharmacological inhibitors of JNK and ERK1/2, for 1 h before addition of MPP+. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of Cu2+/Zn2+-SOD, GSH-Px, Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by RT-PCR. The protein expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was determined by Western blotting. Our results showed that MPP+ exposure could induce substantial PC12 cell apoptosis. The pretreatment of SP600125 or PD98059 could effectively reduce the apoptosis rate by reducing the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA levels. MPP+ exposure also induced high level of reactive oxy-gen species (ROS), marked by dramatic increase of Cu2+/Zn2+-SOD and GSH-Px mRNA levels. The elevated ROS was strongly associated with the activation of JNK and ERK1/2 signal pathways after MPP+ exposure, since the pretreatment of NAC significantly reduced the upregulation of p-JNK and p-ERK1/2. Finally, the pretreatment of SP600125, but not PD98059, alleviated the increase of Cu2+/Zn2+-SOD and GSH-Px mRNAs induced by MPP+, suggesting that the activation of the JNK signal pathway, but not the ERK1/2 signal pathway, could, in some degree, antagonize the generation of ROS induced by oxidative stress. In conclusion, our results suggest that JNK and ERK1/2 signal pathways, which are activated via ROS, play a crucial role in neuronal apoptosis indu展开更多
Adsorption behaviors of Cu2Zn2SOD on mercury electrodes were studied by the electrostatic capillary curve and the relationship between polarographic ultimate current and height of mercury column in the absence of the ...Adsorption behaviors of Cu2Zn2SOD on mercury electrodes were studied by the electrostatic capillary curve and the relationship between polarographic ultimate current and height of mercury column in the absence of the mediators. The effects of impure and denatured SOD on cyclic voltammogram were investigated, confirming that no denaturation was caused during adsorption on mercury electrodes. Double potential step chronocoulometry has confirmed that SOD adsorption on mercury electrode to be the absorption of monomolecular layer.展开更多
Cu-Zn-S (CZS) films were deposited by the spray pyrolysis method. As-deposited CZS film showed a low crystallinity. The resistivity of CZS film with Cu/(Cu+Zn) ratio of 50% is around 10-2Ω﹒cm. The CZS film elements ...Cu-Zn-S (CZS) films were deposited by the spray pyrolysis method. As-deposited CZS film showed a low crystallinity. The resistivity of CZS film with Cu/(Cu+Zn) ratio of 50% is around 10-2Ω﹒cm. The CZS film elements using spray Cu-Zn (=1:1) solution with thiourea was confirmed as? Cu:Zn:Sn=2:2:3 by ICP-MS and EDX. The band gap of CZS films was varied in the range of 1.8 - 3.5 ev when the? Cu/(Cu+Zn)ratio was increased from 0 to 67%;CZS film with Cu/(Cu+Zn)ratio of 50 % showed an wide band gap of 2 eV. The photovoltaic characteristics were confirmed with cell structure of . The best cell was observed at the CZS films with Cu/(Cu+Zn)ratio of 50%;these cells depicted a conversion efficiency of 1.7%.展开更多
文摘Apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal projection plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although the detailed mechanisms responsible for dopaminergic neuron loss are still under investigation, oxidative stress is identified as a major contributor for neuronal apoptosis. In the current study, we studied the effects of MPP+, a substrate that mimics oxidative stress, on neuron-like PC12 cells and the underlying mechanisms. PC12 cells were cultured and treated by 100 μmol/L MPP+ for 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h, respectively. For drug pretreatment, the PC12 cells were incubated with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC, 5 mmol/L), an antioxidant, SP600125 (20 μmol/L) or PD98059 (100 μmol/L), two pharmacological inhibitors of JNK and ERK1/2, for 1 h before addition of MPP+. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of Cu2+/Zn2+-SOD, GSH-Px, Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by RT-PCR. The protein expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was determined by Western blotting. Our results showed that MPP+ exposure could induce substantial PC12 cell apoptosis. The pretreatment of SP600125 or PD98059 could effectively reduce the apoptosis rate by reducing the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA levels. MPP+ exposure also induced high level of reactive oxy-gen species (ROS), marked by dramatic increase of Cu2+/Zn2+-SOD and GSH-Px mRNA levels. The elevated ROS was strongly associated with the activation of JNK and ERK1/2 signal pathways after MPP+ exposure, since the pretreatment of NAC significantly reduced the upregulation of p-JNK and p-ERK1/2. Finally, the pretreatment of SP600125, but not PD98059, alleviated the increase of Cu2+/Zn2+-SOD and GSH-Px mRNAs induced by MPP+, suggesting that the activation of the JNK signal pathway, but not the ERK1/2 signal pathway, could, in some degree, antagonize the generation of ROS induced by oxidative stress. In conclusion, our results suggest that JNK and ERK1/2 signal pathways, which are activated via ROS, play a crucial role in neuronal apoptosis indu
文摘Adsorption behaviors of Cu2Zn2SOD on mercury electrodes were studied by the electrostatic capillary curve and the relationship between polarographic ultimate current and height of mercury column in the absence of the mediators. The effects of impure and denatured SOD on cyclic voltammogram were investigated, confirming that no denaturation was caused during adsorption on mercury electrodes. Double potential step chronocoulometry has confirmed that SOD adsorption on mercury electrode to be the absorption of monomolecular layer.
文摘Cu-Zn-S (CZS) films were deposited by the spray pyrolysis method. As-deposited CZS film showed a low crystallinity. The resistivity of CZS film with Cu/(Cu+Zn) ratio of 50% is around 10-2Ω﹒cm. The CZS film elements using spray Cu-Zn (=1:1) solution with thiourea was confirmed as? Cu:Zn:Sn=2:2:3 by ICP-MS and EDX. The band gap of CZS films was varied in the range of 1.8 - 3.5 ev when the? Cu/(Cu+Zn)ratio was increased from 0 to 67%;CZS film with Cu/(Cu+Zn)ratio of 50 % showed an wide band gap of 2 eV. The photovoltaic characteristics were confirmed with cell structure of . The best cell was observed at the CZS films with Cu/(Cu+Zn)ratio of 50%;these cells depicted a conversion efficiency of 1.7%.
