AIM： To appraise the effect of treatment for diabetic macular edema（DME） in proliferative stage with sufficient panrentinal photocoagulation（PRP） therapy and intravitreal injections（IV） Conbercept and posterior...AIM： To appraise the effect of treatment for diabetic macular edema（DME） in proliferative stage with sufficient panrentinal photocoagulation（PRP） therapy and intravitreal injections（IV） Conbercept and posterior subtenon＇s triamcinolone acetonide（STTA） sequential therapy.METHODS： This prospective clinical randomized controlled trial of cross-over design was conducted in three phases. The participants included cases of DME in proliferative stage. They were divided into two groups and treated with PRP before enrollment. Group A were treated with IVConbercept 0.5 mg for one month in the 1^st phase. Group B were treated with STTA 40 mg（twice per two weeks）. The interventions were exchanged in the second phase（2mo） between the two groups. In the third phase（3-6mo） no other treatment was given. Best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, central macular thickness（CMT） measured by OCT and complications were compared.RESULTS： After phase I： in Group A, BCVA improved from 0.201±0.17 to 0.37±0.24（F=5.88, P=0.004）. CMT changed from 449±155.10 to 304.1±84.70 μm（F=14.9, P〈0.01）. In Group B, BCVA changed from 0.195±0.19 to 0.26±0.20（F=0.76, P=0.41） while CMT changed from 463.82±152.92 to 366.00±115.40 μm（F=3.70, P〈0.03）. The improvement of BCVA was better in Group A（P〈0.05）. After phase II： in Group A, BCVA raised to 0.47±0.27（F=0.26, P〈0.01）, CMT reduced to 260.67±62.97 μm（F=-188.3, P〈0.01）; in Group B, BCVA raised to 0.51±0.26（F=0.31, P〈0.01）, CMT reduced to 261.93±50.15 μm（F=-201.9, P〈0.01）. But there were no difference between two groups（P〉0.05）. After phase III： in Group A, BCVA maintained 0.42±0.25（F=0.22, P=0.001）, CMT maintained 267.8±58.34 μm,（F=-0.27, P〈0.01）; in Group B, BCVA was 0.47±0.25（F=-0.27, P〈0.01）, CMT was 272.71±49.16 μm（F=-191.1, P〈0.01）. No serious complications happened in all phases.CONCLUSION： PRP＋Conbercept is better than PRP＋STTA in DME with proliferative展开更多
This research considers the time-dependent vehicle routing problem (TDVRP). The time-dependent VRP does not assume constant speeds of the vehicles. The speeds of the vehicles vary during the various times of the day, ...This research considers the time-dependent vehicle routing problem (TDVRP). The time-dependent VRP does not assume constant speeds of the vehicles. The speeds of the vehicles vary during the various times of the day, based on the traffic conditions. During the periods of peak traffic hours, the vehicles travel at low speeds and during non-peak hours, the vehicles travel at higher speeds. A survey by TCI and IIM-C (2014) found that stoppage delay as percentage of journey time varied between five percent and 25 percent, and was very much dependent on the characteristics of routes. Costs of delay were also estimated and found not to affect margins by significant amounts. This study aims to overcome such problems arising out of traffic congestions that lead to unnecessary delays and hence, loss in customers and thereby valuable revenues to a company. This study suggests alternative routes to minimize travel times and travel distance, assuming a congestion in traffic situation. In this study, an efficient GA-based algorithm has been developed for the TDVRP, to minimize the total distance travelled, minimize the total number of vehicles utilized and also suggest alternative routes for congestion avoidance. This study will help to overcome and minimize the negative effects due to heavy traffic congestions and delays in customer service. The proposed algorithm has been shown to be superior to another existing algorithm in terms of the total distance travelled and also the number of vehicles utilized. Also the performance of the proposed algorithm is as good as the mathematical model for small size problems.展开更多
As a key part of the diagnosis system in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER),the neutron flux monitor(NFM),which measures the neutron intensity of the fusion reaction,is a Counting-Campbelling s...As a key part of the diagnosis system in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER),the neutron flux monitor(NFM),which measures the neutron intensity of the fusion reaction,is a Counting-Campbelling system with a large dynamic counting range.A dynamic linear calibration method is proposed in this paper to solve the problem of cross-over between the different counting and Campbelling channels,and improve the accuracy of the cross-calibration for long-term operation.The experimental results show that the NFM system with the dynamic linear calibration system can obtain the neutron flux of the fusion reactor in real time and realize the seamless measurement area connection between the two channels.展开更多
Background: The Sars-Cov-2 pandemic has accelerated the spreading of telemedicine, including TeleNeuroPsychology (TNP). Also in a non-pandemic scenario, TNP gives the advantage of reaching older subjects, which often ...Background: The Sars-Cov-2 pandemic has accelerated the spreading of telemedicine, including TeleNeuroPsychology (TNP). Also in a non-pandemic scenario, TNP gives the advantage of reaching older subjects, which often have mobility or transportation limitations. Previous studies on the feasibility, acceptability and reliability of TNP provide promising indications. However, it remains unclear how elderly populations in Italy welcome this practice, in particular when carried out “direct-to-home” (DTH neuropsychology—DTH-NP), hence without assistance in setting up, i.e., the videoconference, and which tests validated in Italian populations show good comparability between remote (either by voice phone call or videoconference) and face-to-face administration. Aims: Here we present a study protocol aimed at assessing: 1) the recruitment rate in a study on DTH neuropsychological assessment through voice calls or videoconference, 2) the feasibility and acceptability of a DTH neuropsychological assessment, 3) the comparability between DTH and face-to-face neuropsychological assessments. Methods: Fifty-eight older adults (65 - 85 years) were recruited among donors of the Abbiategrasso Brain Bank and will undergo both a face-to-face and a DTH neuropsychological assessment in a counterbalanced cross-over design (Group 1: remote session first;Group 2: face-to-face session first). Recruitment rate will be first evaluated. Then, the responses to an acceptability questionnaire will be compared between the two administration modalities. Finally, the DTH-face-to-face comparability will be evaluated as good reliability of a DTH neuropsychological assessment and agreement between scores obtained in the two modalities. Discussion and Conclusion: This study protocol aims at describing the procedures allowing a more reliable implementation of DTH-NP in the Italian clinical and research contexts. The inclusion of both phone-call and videoconference DTH neuropsychological assessment will give the opportunity to evaluate the feasibi展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of short duration electroacupuncture(EA)with conventional EA to reduce weight and other parameters in obese Thai women.METHODS:A randomized crossover study was conducted in 76 simple ...OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of short duration electroacupuncture(EA)with conventional EA to reduce weight and other parameters in obese Thai women.METHODS:A randomized crossover study was conducted in 76 simple obese women.Participants were randomized to undergo either eight weeks of 30-minute EA(EA30)followed by an eight-week washout period,then eight weeks of five-minute EA(EA5),or EA5 followed by a washout period,then EA30.Electroacupuncture was performed at 14 acupoints for two sessions per week.Participants were randomized to undergo either eight weeks of EA30 followed by an eight-week washout period,then eight weeks of EA5,or EA5 followed by a washout period,then EA30.Electroacupuncture was performed using a stainless silver needle at 14 acupoints for two sessions per week.The needle was connected to an electric stimulator that delivered a constant current,40 Hz and 3 m A,for 30 or five minutes according to the assigned treatment period.The primary outcome was the difference in weight reduction between the short-duration and the conventional EA while differences in other anthropometric parameters and biochemical parameters were considered as secondary outcomes.RESULTS:After each treatment period,all anthro pometric characteristics of both groups decreased from the baseline regardless of the treatment sequence,including body weight(1.4-1.8 kg;P<0.01),body mass index(0.56-0.70 kg/m^(2);P<0.01),waist and hip circumference,skinfold thickness and body fat percentage as well as the improvement in fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles.There were no significant differences of the treatment effects on anthropometric parameters and biomedical chemistries between conventional and short-duration EA.No adverse effects were reported.CONCLUSION:Short duration EA at 14 acupuncture points had comparable efficacy to conventional EA in reduction of weight and other anthropometric parameters as well as to improve biochemistry parameters in obese women.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To show whether Danggui Sini plus Wuzhuyu Shengjiang Tang(DSWST) has any transient effect on erythrocyte deformability in normal subjects.METHODS: A total of 25 subjects [mean age(27.8± 1.8) years] was...OBJECTIVE: To show whether Danggui Sini plus Wuzhuyu Shengjiang Tang(DSWST) has any transient effect on erythrocyte deformability in normal subjects.METHODS: A total of 25 subjects [mean age(27.8± 1.8) years] was enrolled in this study. The study was designed as a cross-over trial in which the subjects took part for 2 d. On the first day, blood samples were collected at baseline and 1-2 h after administration of water, whereas, on the second day, instead of water, the subjects were administered DSWST after the baseline blood sampling. The blood samples collected at baseline and after the administration water or DSWST, were examined for erythrocyte deformability.RESULTS: The elongation index increased significantly after 2 h(P = 0.009) compared to the baseline after DSWST intake. However, after water intake, there was no significant differenceobserved. When comparing the percent change of erythrocyte deformability between DSWST and water, we found that after 2 h of administration,DSWST improved erythrocyte deformability significantly compared to water(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: DSWST has a transient effect on erythrocyte deformability in normal subjects.展开更多
Western modern and contemporary architecture and art is a conceptual architecture and art, change in human concept promotes the development of modern and contemporary architecture and art, presents us a new look. Evol...Western modern and contemporary architecture and art is a conceptual architecture and art, change in human concept promotes the development of modern and contemporary architecture and art, presents us a new look. Evolvement of concept is the core force that pushes forward the unceasing development of art and architecture, art and architecture as concept always influence and interact with each other and create a new dimension. Both architects and artists try to express their opinions using the individualized works and practices in the context of changing values in social transformation, which has become the significance of contemporary architectural design and artistic creation.展开更多
To examine the contralateral repeated bout effect(CL-RBE)on muscle damage markers and motor unit(MU)control strategies,seventeen healthy adults performed two bouts of 60 eccentric contractions with elbow flexor(EF gro...To examine the contralateral repeated bout effect(CL-RBE)on muscle damage markers and motor unit(MU)control strategies,seventeen healthy adults performed two bouts of 60 eccentric contractions with elbow flexor(EF group;n=9)or index finger abductor(IA group;n=8)muscles,separated by 1 week.All participants randomly performed eccentric exercise on either the right or left arm or hand muscles,and muscle damage markers and submaximal trapezoid contraction tests were conducted pre,post,1-and 2-day post eccentric protocol.One week after the first bout,the same exercise protocol and measurements were performed on the contralateral muscles.Surface electromyographic(EMG)signals were collected from biceps brachii(BB)or first dorsal interosseous(FDI)during maximal and submaximal tests.The linear regression analyses were used to examine MU recruitment threshold versus mean firing rate and recruitment threshold versus derecruitment threshold relationships.EMG amplitude from BB(bout 1 vs.bout 2=65.71%±22.92%vs.43.05%±18.97%,p=0.015,d=1.077)and the y-intercept(group merged)from the MU recruitment threshold versus derecruitment threshold relationship(bout 1 vs.bout 2=7.10±14.20 vs.0.73±16.24,p=0.029,d=0.513)at 50%MVIC were significantly different between two bouts.However,other muscle damage markers did not show any CL-RBE in both muscle groups.Therefore,despite changes in muscle excitation and MU firing behavior,our results do not support the existence of CL-RBE on BB and FDI muscles.展开更多
基金Supported by the Health and Family Planning Commission of Sichuan Province(No:17PJ536)
文摘AIM： To appraise the effect of treatment for diabetic macular edema（DME） in proliferative stage with sufficient panrentinal photocoagulation（PRP） therapy and intravitreal injections（IV） Conbercept and posterior subtenon＇s triamcinolone acetonide（STTA） sequential therapy.METHODS： This prospective clinical randomized controlled trial of cross-over design was conducted in three phases. The participants included cases of DME in proliferative stage. They were divided into two groups and treated with PRP before enrollment. Group A were treated with IVConbercept 0.5 mg for one month in the 1^st phase. Group B were treated with STTA 40 mg（twice per two weeks）. The interventions were exchanged in the second phase（2mo） between the two groups. In the third phase（3-6mo） no other treatment was given. Best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, central macular thickness（CMT） measured by OCT and complications were compared.RESULTS： After phase I： in Group A, BCVA improved from 0.201±0.17 to 0.37±0.24（F=5.88, P=0.004）. CMT changed from 449±155.10 to 304.1±84.70 μm（F=14.9, P〈0.01）. In Group B, BCVA changed from 0.195±0.19 to 0.26±0.20（F=0.76, P=0.41） while CMT changed from 463.82±152.92 to 366.00±115.40 μm（F=3.70, P〈0.03）. The improvement of BCVA was better in Group A（P〈0.05）. After phase II： in Group A, BCVA raised to 0.47±0.27（F=0.26, P〈0.01）, CMT reduced to 260.67±62.97 μm（F=-188.3, P〈0.01）; in Group B, BCVA raised to 0.51±0.26（F=0.31, P〈0.01）, CMT reduced to 261.93±50.15 μm（F=-201.9, P〈0.01）. But there were no difference between two groups（P〉0.05）. After phase III： in Group A, BCVA maintained 0.42±0.25（F=0.22, P=0.001）, CMT maintained 267.8±58.34 μm,（F=-0.27, P〈0.01）; in Group B, BCVA was 0.47±0.25（F=-0.27, P〈0.01）, CMT was 272.71±49.16 μm（F=-191.1, P〈0.01）. No serious complications happened in all phases.CONCLUSION： PRP＋Conbercept is better than PRP＋STTA in DME with proliferative
文摘This research considers the time-dependent vehicle routing problem (TDVRP). The time-dependent VRP does not assume constant speeds of the vehicles. The speeds of the vehicles vary during the various times of the day, based on the traffic conditions. During the periods of peak traffic hours, the vehicles travel at low speeds and during non-peak hours, the vehicles travel at higher speeds. A survey by TCI and IIM-C (2014) found that stoppage delay as percentage of journey time varied between five percent and 25 percent, and was very much dependent on the characteristics of routes. Costs of delay were also estimated and found not to affect margins by significant amounts. This study aims to overcome such problems arising out of traffic congestions that lead to unnecessary delays and hence, loss in customers and thereby valuable revenues to a company. This study suggests alternative routes to minimize travel times and travel distance, assuming a congestion in traffic situation. In this study, an efficient GA-based algorithm has been developed for the TDVRP, to minimize the total distance travelled, minimize the total number of vehicles utilized and also suggest alternative routes for congestion avoidance. This study will help to overcome and minimize the negative effects due to heavy traffic congestions and delays in customer service. The proposed algorithm has been shown to be superior to another existing algorithm in terms of the total distance travelled and also the number of vehicles utilized. Also the performance of the proposed algorithm is as good as the mathematical model for small size problems.
基金Supported by ITER Plan National Major Project(No.2008GB109000)
文摘As a key part of the diagnosis system in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER),the neutron flux monitor(NFM),which measures the neutron intensity of the fusion reaction,is a Counting-Campbelling system with a large dynamic counting range.A dynamic linear calibration method is proposed in this paper to solve the problem of cross-over between the different counting and Campbelling channels,and improve the accuracy of the cross-calibration for long-term operation.The experimental results show that the NFM system with the dynamic linear calibration system can obtain the neutron flux of the fusion reactor in real time and realize the seamless measurement area connection between the two channels.
文摘Background: The Sars-Cov-2 pandemic has accelerated the spreading of telemedicine, including TeleNeuroPsychology (TNP). Also in a non-pandemic scenario, TNP gives the advantage of reaching older subjects, which often have mobility or transportation limitations. Previous studies on the feasibility, acceptability and reliability of TNP provide promising indications. However, it remains unclear how elderly populations in Italy welcome this practice, in particular when carried out “direct-to-home” (DTH neuropsychology—DTH-NP), hence without assistance in setting up, i.e., the videoconference, and which tests validated in Italian populations show good comparability between remote (either by voice phone call or videoconference) and face-to-face administration. Aims: Here we present a study protocol aimed at assessing: 1) the recruitment rate in a study on DTH neuropsychological assessment through voice calls or videoconference, 2) the feasibility and acceptability of a DTH neuropsychological assessment, 3) the comparability between DTH and face-to-face neuropsychological assessments. Methods: Fifty-eight older adults (65 - 85 years) were recruited among donors of the Abbiategrasso Brain Bank and will undergo both a face-to-face and a DTH neuropsychological assessment in a counterbalanced cross-over design (Group 1: remote session first;Group 2: face-to-face session first). Recruitment rate will be first evaluated. Then, the responses to an acceptability questionnaire will be compared between the two administration modalities. Finally, the DTH-face-to-face comparability will be evaluated as good reliability of a DTH neuropsychological assessment and agreement between scores obtained in the two modalities. Discussion and Conclusion: This study protocol aims at describing the procedures allowing a more reliable implementation of DTH-NP in the Italian clinical and research contexts. The inclusion of both phone-call and videoconference DTH neuropsychological assessment will give the opportunity to evaluate the feasibi
基金Supported by Srinakharinwirot University,Thailand(Acupuncture for Obesity Treatment,No.SWU 019/2561)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of short duration electroacupuncture(EA)with conventional EA to reduce weight and other parameters in obese Thai women.METHODS:A randomized crossover study was conducted in 76 simple obese women.Participants were randomized to undergo either eight weeks of 30-minute EA(EA30)followed by an eight-week washout period,then eight weeks of five-minute EA(EA5),or EA5 followed by a washout period,then EA30.Electroacupuncture was performed at 14 acupoints for two sessions per week.Participants were randomized to undergo either eight weeks of EA30 followed by an eight-week washout period,then eight weeks of EA5,or EA5 followed by a washout period,then EA30.Electroacupuncture was performed using a stainless silver needle at 14 acupoints for two sessions per week.The needle was connected to an electric stimulator that delivered a constant current,40 Hz and 3 m A,for 30 or five minutes according to the assigned treatment period.The primary outcome was the difference in weight reduction between the short-duration and the conventional EA while differences in other anthropometric parameters and biochemical parameters were considered as secondary outcomes.RESULTS:After each treatment period,all anthro pometric characteristics of both groups decreased from the baseline regardless of the treatment sequence,including body weight(1.4-1.8 kg;P<0.01),body mass index(0.56-0.70 kg/m^(2);P<0.01),waist and hip circumference,skinfold thickness and body fat percentage as well as the improvement in fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles.There were no significant differences of the treatment effects on anthropometric parameters and biomedical chemistries between conventional and short-duration EA.No adverse effects were reported.CONCLUSION:Short duration EA at 14 acupuncture points had comparable efficacy to conventional EA in reduction of weight and other anthropometric parameters as well as to improve biochemistry parameters in obese women.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To show whether Danggui Sini plus Wuzhuyu Shengjiang Tang(DSWST) has any transient effect on erythrocyte deformability in normal subjects.METHODS: A total of 25 subjects [mean age(27.8± 1.8) years] was enrolled in this study. The study was designed as a cross-over trial in which the subjects took part for 2 d. On the first day, blood samples were collected at baseline and 1-2 h after administration of water, whereas, on the second day, instead of water, the subjects were administered DSWST after the baseline blood sampling. The blood samples collected at baseline and after the administration water or DSWST, were examined for erythrocyte deformability.RESULTS: The elongation index increased significantly after 2 h(P = 0.009) compared to the baseline after DSWST intake. However, after water intake, there was no significant differenceobserved. When comparing the percent change of erythrocyte deformability between DSWST and water, we found that after 2 h of administration,DSWST improved erythrocyte deformability significantly compared to water(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: DSWST has a transient effect on erythrocyte deformability in normal subjects.
基金Sponsored by 2014 Humanities and Social Sciences Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education
文摘Western modern and contemporary architecture and art is a conceptual architecture and art, change in human concept promotes the development of modern and contemporary architecture and art, presents us a new look. Evolvement of concept is the core force that pushes forward the unceasing development of art and architecture, art and architecture as concept always influence and interact with each other and create a new dimension. Both architects and artists try to express their opinions using the individualized works and practices in the context of changing values in social transformation, which has become the significance of contemporary architectural design and artistic creation.
文摘To examine the contralateral repeated bout effect(CL-RBE)on muscle damage markers and motor unit(MU)control strategies,seventeen healthy adults performed two bouts of 60 eccentric contractions with elbow flexor(EF group;n=9)or index finger abductor(IA group;n=8)muscles,separated by 1 week.All participants randomly performed eccentric exercise on either the right or left arm or hand muscles,and muscle damage markers and submaximal trapezoid contraction tests were conducted pre,post,1-and 2-day post eccentric protocol.One week after the first bout,the same exercise protocol and measurements were performed on the contralateral muscles.Surface electromyographic(EMG)signals were collected from biceps brachii(BB)or first dorsal interosseous(FDI)during maximal and submaximal tests.The linear regression analyses were used to examine MU recruitment threshold versus mean firing rate and recruitment threshold versus derecruitment threshold relationships.EMG amplitude from BB(bout 1 vs.bout 2=65.71%±22.92%vs.43.05%±18.97%,p=0.015,d=1.077)and the y-intercept(group merged)from the MU recruitment threshold versus derecruitment threshold relationship(bout 1 vs.bout 2=7.10±14.20 vs.0.73±16.24,p=0.029,d=0.513)at 50%MVIC were significantly different between two bouts.However,other muscle damage markers did not show any CL-RBE in both muscle groups.Therefore,despite changes in muscle excitation and MU firing behavior,our results do not support the existence of CL-RBE on BB and FDI muscles.
