使用镍基焊缝连接铁素体基耐热钢和奥氏体不锈钢(或镍基合金)形成的异种金属焊接接头(DMWs,Dissimilar Metal Welds)在核电、火电、石化等行业有着广泛的应用。DMWs在高温低应力服役条件下经常会出现早期失效,导致机组非正常停机,带来...使用镍基焊缝连接铁素体基耐热钢和奥氏体不锈钢(或镍基合金)形成的异种金属焊接接头(DMWs,Dissimilar Metal Welds)在核电、火电、石化等行业有着广泛的应用。DMWs在高温低应力服役条件下经常会出现早期失效,导致机组非正常停机,带来巨大的经济损失和安全隐患,故DMWs的早期失效问题一直受到工程界和学术界的重点关注。围绕DMWs的早期失效问题,回顾并总结了近几十年来该领域的相关研究成果。首先,介绍了DMWs的组织特点,重点关注了铁素体基耐热钢与焊缝界面附近区域的冶金特点,包括界面马氏体层、碳迁移、Ⅰ/Ⅱ型碳化物等;其次,简要总结了DMWs焊接残余应力的特点及其影响因素;再次,汇总了DMWs的高温蠕变数据,针对DMWs蠕变断裂位置转移的特点进行了分析,其中沿铁素体基耐热钢与焊缝界面断裂是DMWs失效的显著特征,这种失效方式与界面处应变集中、热应力、基体组织退化、碳化物粗化以及氧化等有关;最后,给出了若干种延长DMWs服役寿命的方法和建议。展开更多
Based on laboratory results of time-dependent mechanical behavior tests,we investigated short-term and mechanical creep behavior of sandstone,observed in conventional triaxial compression experiments at room temperatu...Based on laboratory results of time-dependent mechanical behavior tests,we investigated short-term and mechanical creep behavior of sandstone,observed in conventional triaxial compression experiments at room temperature,using a servo-controlled rheology testing machine.Given our short-term experimental test results,we confirmed deviatoric creep stress levels of sandstone.Multiple deviatoric stress levels were applied in steps to each sample.Each deviatoric stress level before the final failed deviatoric stress was maintained for 48 h or longer.Time-dependent variations of axial strains of sandstone samples are discussed and evaluated.During the creep tests,complete tertiary creep curves of sandstone were observed under failed deviatoric stress levels with different confining pressures.Slices of coal in sandstone samples can lead to distinct tertiary creep deformation failure.展开更多
文摘使用镍基焊缝连接铁素体基耐热钢和奥氏体不锈钢(或镍基合金)形成的异种金属焊接接头(DMWs,Dissimilar Metal Welds)在核电、火电、石化等行业有着广泛的应用。DMWs在高温低应力服役条件下经常会出现早期失效,导致机组非正常停机,带来巨大的经济损失和安全隐患,故DMWs的早期失效问题一直受到工程界和学术界的重点关注。围绕DMWs的早期失效问题,回顾并总结了近几十年来该领域的相关研究成果。首先,介绍了DMWs的组织特点,重点关注了铁素体基耐热钢与焊缝界面附近区域的冶金特点,包括界面马氏体层、碳迁移、Ⅰ/Ⅱ型碳化物等;其次,简要总结了DMWs焊接残余应力的特点及其影响因素;再次,汇总了DMWs的高温蠕变数据,针对DMWs蠕变断裂位置转移的特点进行了分析,其中沿铁素体基耐热钢与焊缝界面断裂是DMWs失效的显著特征,这种失效方式与界面处应变集中、热应力、基体组织退化、碳化物粗化以及氧化等有关;最后,给出了若干种延长DMWs服役寿命的方法和建议。
基金Projects 50709008 and 50539110 are supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Based on laboratory results of time-dependent mechanical behavior tests,we investigated short-term and mechanical creep behavior of sandstone,observed in conventional triaxial compression experiments at room temperature,using a servo-controlled rheology testing machine.Given our short-term experimental test results,we confirmed deviatoric creep stress levels of sandstone.Multiple deviatoric stress levels were applied in steps to each sample.Each deviatoric stress level before the final failed deviatoric stress was maintained for 48 h or longer.Time-dependent variations of axial strains of sandstone samples are discussed and evaluated.During the creep tests,complete tertiary creep curves of sandstone were observed under failed deviatoric stress levels with different confining pressures.Slices of coal in sandstone samples can lead to distinct tertiary creep deformation failure.
