Objective:The aim of this review article is to discuss the currently available facial fillers,their differences and indications,relevant anatomy,injection techniques,and avoidance and management of complications.Data ...Objective:The aim of this review article is to discuss the currently available facial fillers,their differences and indications,relevant anatomy,injection techniques,and avoidance and management of complications.Data Sources:Clinical experience and scientific papers.Conclusions:Reversal of facial aging via filler injection has been around since the late 1800s with the initial use of detrimental products.Today,many safe and effective products exist and can be tailored to the individual patient’’s desired effect.With the evolution of both products and injection techniques,the rate of complications with facial filler use is low.Nonetheless,providers offering facial filler injections should have detailed knowledge of facial anatomy,including facial planes and soft tissue compartments.Multiple injection techniques exist.Different techniques should be used,depending on the anatomic target.Providers should also know how to avoid and manage complications.展开更多
Background: In recent years, so-called “non-ablative rejuvenation” has been carried out with the use of lasers or intense pulsed light (IPL) to stimulate collagen production by dermal fibroblasts. Intradermal infusi...Background: In recent years, so-called “non-ablative rejuvenation” has been carried out with the use of lasers or intense pulsed light (IPL) to stimulate collagen production by dermal fibroblasts. Intradermal infusion of CO2 stimulates fibroblasts and the synthesis of collagen and elastin, contributing to the retraction of the skin and tissue rejuvenation. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of IPL and the intradermal infusion of CO2 on fibroblast proliferation and collagen in the skin of female rats. Methods: Sixteen adult female Wistar rats were divided into two groups of eight animals. Group 1 underwent IPL and group 2 underwent intradermal CO2 infusion. There was a total of 8 weeks of treatment. We conducted a punch in each animal before any procedure (T0), another punch in the middle of treatment at 4 weeks post-procedure (T1) and a punch at the end of treatment at 8 weeks post-procedure (T2). The cells involved in inflammation, fibrosis and vascularization of the injured tissue by histopathology were analyzed. Results: There was statistically significant fibroblast proliferation and collagen proliferation noted when analyzing all 16 animals together and also when considering the two study groups separately. In both groups, the greatest proliferation of fibroblasts coincided with periods of increased collagen production. Conclusion: Both IPL and intradermal CO2 infusion stimulated fibroblast and collagen proliferation in the skin of the rats studied.展开更多
BACKGROUND In recent years,the cosmetic intervention related infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)are increasing as the informal cosmetic treatments are performed.However,many dermatologists are inexpe...BACKGROUND In recent years,the cosmetic intervention related infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)are increasing as the informal cosmetic treatments are performed.However,many dermatologists are inexperienced in the diagnosis and management of similar cases.Here we report a case of subcutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium abscessus(M.abscessus)following cosmetic injections of botulinum toxin.CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old woman presented with multiple abscesses and nodules on her forehead and both temporal sites for half a month after cosmetic injections of botulinum toxin.Her lesions did not show any alleviation after 2-wk prescription of antibiotics.Laboratory examinations indicated that she had no sign of immunodeficiency and the whole body of computed tomography did not find any systemic infection or diseases.The pathology of skin tissue showed inflammatory cell infiltration with the negative results of Periodic acid Schiff(PAS)and Acidfast staining and the culture yielded no microbiome.Afterwards,the puncture on abscess was performed and M.abscessus was successfully isolated.The pathogen was identified by acid-fast staining and DNA sequencing.The patient was treated with the strategy of clarithromycin,ofloxacin,and amikacin according to the result of drug sensitivity test and got complete remission of the lesions.CONCLUSION The case presents the whole process of diagnosis and management of NTM infection after cosmetic intervention and highlights the diagnostic thoughts.In a word,the mycobacterium infection should be aware in patients after cosmetic performance.展开更多
Background:Massage is generally believed to be a simple and effective method for preventing necrosis when intravascular injection emboli are suspected.Due to its good dispersive properties,polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA...Background:Massage is generally believed to be a simple and effective method for preventing necrosis when intravascular injection emboli are suspected.Due to its good dispersive properties,polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)was used as the test filler.The main purpose of this study was to observe whether local massage as a simple remedial measure can promote the diffusion of filler and reduce the necrosis rate for intra-arterial embolism.Methods:Rabbit ears with the central ear artery(CEA)main trunk totally or segmentally obstructed 5 min after PMMA injection were studied.In order to simulate the massage effect of the fingers,the massage group was treated with a small beauty massage bar with a fixed vibration frequency along the direction of the blood flow.CEA blood flow and skin lesions were also analyzed.Results:The baseline data were similar between the control and massage groups.Compared to the control group,the recanalization rate of the CEA trunk in the treatment group increased significantly after massage.However,there was no significant difference in the visible rate of transparent embolus on the 1st day after treatment,nor in the necrosis degree or area of soft tissue damage on the 7th day after treatment.Further analysis showed that massage tended to have a positive effect on segmentally obstructed cases at 5 min after injection but a negative effect on totally obstructed ears at 5 min.Conclusion:Local massage cannot reduce the complications of tissue necrosis after intra-arterial PMMA injection.Prevention is key to reducing complications.展开更多
文摘Objective:The aim of this review article is to discuss the currently available facial fillers,their differences and indications,relevant anatomy,injection techniques,and avoidance and management of complications.Data Sources:Clinical experience and scientific papers.Conclusions:Reversal of facial aging via filler injection has been around since the late 1800s with the initial use of detrimental products.Today,many safe and effective products exist and can be tailored to the individual patient’’s desired effect.With the evolution of both products and injection techniques,the rate of complications with facial filler use is low.Nonetheless,providers offering facial filler injections should have detailed knowledge of facial anatomy,including facial planes and soft tissue compartments.Multiple injection techniques exist.Different techniques should be used,depending on the anatomic target.Providers should also know how to avoid and manage complications.
文摘Background: In recent years, so-called “non-ablative rejuvenation” has been carried out with the use of lasers or intense pulsed light (IPL) to stimulate collagen production by dermal fibroblasts. Intradermal infusion of CO2 stimulates fibroblasts and the synthesis of collagen and elastin, contributing to the retraction of the skin and tissue rejuvenation. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of IPL and the intradermal infusion of CO2 on fibroblast proliferation and collagen in the skin of female rats. Methods: Sixteen adult female Wistar rats were divided into two groups of eight animals. Group 1 underwent IPL and group 2 underwent intradermal CO2 infusion. There was a total of 8 weeks of treatment. We conducted a punch in each animal before any procedure (T0), another punch in the middle of treatment at 4 weeks post-procedure (T1) and a punch at the end of treatment at 8 weeks post-procedure (T2). The cells involved in inflammation, fibrosis and vascularization of the injured tissue by histopathology were analyzed. Results: There was statistically significant fibroblast proliferation and collagen proliferation noted when analyzing all 16 animals together and also when considering the two study groups separately. In both groups, the greatest proliferation of fibroblasts coincided with periods of increased collagen production. Conclusion: Both IPL and intradermal CO2 infusion stimulated fibroblast and collagen proliferation in the skin of the rats studied.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,the cosmetic intervention related infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)are increasing as the informal cosmetic treatments are performed.However,many dermatologists are inexperienced in the diagnosis and management of similar cases.Here we report a case of subcutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium abscessus(M.abscessus)following cosmetic injections of botulinum toxin.CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old woman presented with multiple abscesses and nodules on her forehead and both temporal sites for half a month after cosmetic injections of botulinum toxin.Her lesions did not show any alleviation after 2-wk prescription of antibiotics.Laboratory examinations indicated that she had no sign of immunodeficiency and the whole body of computed tomography did not find any systemic infection or diseases.The pathology of skin tissue showed inflammatory cell infiltration with the negative results of Periodic acid Schiff(PAS)and Acidfast staining and the culture yielded no microbiome.Afterwards,the puncture on abscess was performed and M.abscessus was successfully isolated.The pathogen was identified by acid-fast staining and DNA sequencing.The patient was treated with the strategy of clarithromycin,ofloxacin,and amikacin according to the result of drug sensitivity test and got complete remission of the lesions.CONCLUSION The case presents the whole process of diagnosis and management of NTM infection after cosmetic intervention and highlights the diagnostic thoughts.In a word,the mycobacterium infection should be aware in patients after cosmetic performance.
基金funded by Hafod Bioscience B.V., which also provided Artecoll products for this experiment
文摘Background:Massage is generally believed to be a simple and effective method for preventing necrosis when intravascular injection emboli are suspected.Due to its good dispersive properties,polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)was used as the test filler.The main purpose of this study was to observe whether local massage as a simple remedial measure can promote the diffusion of filler and reduce the necrosis rate for intra-arterial embolism.Methods:Rabbit ears with the central ear artery(CEA)main trunk totally or segmentally obstructed 5 min after PMMA injection were studied.In order to simulate the massage effect of the fingers,the massage group was treated with a small beauty massage bar with a fixed vibration frequency along the direction of the blood flow.CEA blood flow and skin lesions were also analyzed.Results:The baseline data were similar between the control and massage groups.Compared to the control group,the recanalization rate of the CEA trunk in the treatment group increased significantly after massage.However,there was no significant difference in the visible rate of transparent embolus on the 1st day after treatment,nor in the necrosis degree or area of soft tissue damage on the 7th day after treatment.Further analysis showed that massage tended to have a positive effect on segmentally obstructed cases at 5 min after injection but a negative effect on totally obstructed ears at 5 min.Conclusion:Local massage cannot reduce the complications of tissue necrosis after intra-arterial PMMA injection.Prevention is key to reducing complications.
