碳捕集、利用与封存技术(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)是指将CO_(2)从能源利用、工业生产或大气中分离出来,经过提纯运送到可利用或封存场地,以实现被捕集的CO_(2)与大气长期分离的技术。联合国政府间气候变化专门委员...碳捕集、利用与封存技术(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)是指将CO_(2)从能源利用、工业生产或大气中分离出来,经过提纯运送到可利用或封存场地,以实现被捕集的CO_(2)与大气长期分离的技术。联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)近期在报告中指出:CCUS技术是碳减排与碳中和的“foundation”技术。在我国碳达峰碳中和的“双碳”目标大背景下,CCUS技术被认为是我国实现碳中和目标不可或缺的关键性技术之一。该文对国际、国内主要研究团队和作者研究团队近年来在CO_(2)地质封存、增产致密油/页岩气/深层地热开采过程中的关键热质传递问题研究进行了综述,通过理论分析,利用分子动力学、格子Boltzmann、计算流体力学等模拟方法,和微观孔隙尺度可视化实验、岩心尺度核磁共振实验、超临界压力流体对流换热实验等实验手段,从不同尺度阐述了储层条件下超临界CO_(2)在微纳多孔结构中多相多组分流动与热质传递机理,分析了矿物反应、降压析出、流体变物性、尺度效应等对CO_(2)地质封存和驱油、驱气、采热过程中的影响规律,从而为CO_(2)地质封存和利用的应用提供理论和技术支撑。展开更多
The spatial structures of China’s Major Function Zoning are important constraining indicators in all types of spatial planning and key parameters for accurately downscaling major functions.Taking the proportion of ur...The spatial structures of China’s Major Function Zoning are important constraining indicators in all types of spatial planning and key parameters for accurately downscaling major functions.Taking the proportion of urbanization zones,agricultural development zones and ecological security zones as the basic parameter,this paper explores the spatial structures of major function zoning at different scales using spatial statistics,spatial modeling and landscape metrics methods.The results show:First,major function zones have spatial gradient structures,which are prominently represented by latitudinal and longitudinal gradients,a coastal distance gradient,and an eastern-central-western gradient.Second,the pole-axis system structure and core-periphery structure exist at provincial scales.The general principle of the pole-axis structure is that as one moves along the distance axis,the proportion of urbanization zones decreases and the proportion of ecological security zones increases.This also means that the proportion of different function zones has a ring-shaped spatial differentiation principle with distance from the core.Third,there is a spatial mosaic structure at the city and county scale.This spatial mosaic structure has features of both spatial heterogeneity,such as agglomeration and dispersion,as well as of mutual,adjacent topological correlation and spatial proximity.The results of this study contribute to scientific knowledge on major function zones and the principles of spatial organization,and it acts as an important reference for China’s integrated geographical zoning.展开更多
文摘碳捕集、利用与封存技术(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)是指将CO_(2)从能源利用、工业生产或大气中分离出来,经过提纯运送到可利用或封存场地,以实现被捕集的CO_(2)与大气长期分离的技术。联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)近期在报告中指出:CCUS技术是碳减排与碳中和的“foundation”技术。在我国碳达峰碳中和的“双碳”目标大背景下,CCUS技术被认为是我国实现碳中和目标不可或缺的关键性技术之一。该文对国际、国内主要研究团队和作者研究团队近年来在CO_(2)地质封存、增产致密油/页岩气/深层地热开采过程中的关键热质传递问题研究进行了综述,通过理论分析,利用分子动力学、格子Boltzmann、计算流体力学等模拟方法,和微观孔隙尺度可视化实验、岩心尺度核磁共振实验、超临界压力流体对流换热实验等实验手段,从不同尺度阐述了储层条件下超临界CO_(2)在微纳多孔结构中多相多组分流动与热质传递机理,分析了矿物反应、降压析出、流体变物性、尺度效应等对CO_(2)地质封存和驱油、驱气、采热过程中的影响规律,从而为CO_(2)地质封存和利用的应用提供理论和技术支撑。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41630644Innovative Think-tank Foundation for Young Scientists of China Association for Science and Technology,No.DXB-ZKQN-2017-048。
文摘The spatial structures of China’s Major Function Zoning are important constraining indicators in all types of spatial planning and key parameters for accurately downscaling major functions.Taking the proportion of urbanization zones,agricultural development zones and ecological security zones as the basic parameter,this paper explores the spatial structures of major function zoning at different scales using spatial statistics,spatial modeling and landscape metrics methods.The results show:First,major function zones have spatial gradient structures,which are prominently represented by latitudinal and longitudinal gradients,a coastal distance gradient,and an eastern-central-western gradient.Second,the pole-axis system structure and core-periphery structure exist at provincial scales.The general principle of the pole-axis structure is that as one moves along the distance axis,the proportion of urbanization zones decreases and the proportion of ecological security zones increases.This also means that the proportion of different function zones has a ring-shaped spatial differentiation principle with distance from the core.Third,there is a spatial mosaic structure at the city and county scale.This spatial mosaic structure has features of both spatial heterogeneity,such as agglomeration and dispersion,as well as of mutual,adjacent topological correlation and spatial proximity.The results of this study contribute to scientific knowledge on major function zones and the principles of spatial organization,and it acts as an important reference for China’s integrated geographical zoning.
