Hemorrhoids is recognized as one of the most common medical conditions in general population. It is clinically characterized by painless rectal bleeding during defecation with or without prolapsing anal tissue. Genera...Hemorrhoids is recognized as one of the most common medical conditions in general population. It is clinically characterized by painless rectal bleeding during defecation with or without prolapsing anal tissue. Generally,hemorrhoids can be divided into two types: internal hemorrhoid and external hemorrhoid. External hemorrhoid usually requires no specific treatment unless it becomes acutely thrombosed or causes patients discomfort. Meanwhile,low-graded internal hemorrhoids can be effectively treated with medication and nonoperative measures(such as rubber band ligation and injection sclerotherapy). Surgery is indicated for highgraded internal hemorrhoids,or when non-operative approaches have failed,or complications have occurred. Although excisional hemorrhoidectomy remains the mainstay operation for advanced hemorrhoids and complicated hemorrhoids,several minimally invasive operations(including Ligasure hemorrhoidectomy,doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation and stapled hemorrhoidopexy) have been introduced into surgical practices in order to avoid post-hemorrhiodectomy pain. This article deals with some fundamental knowledge and current treatment of hemorrhoids in a view of a coloproctologist- which includes the management of hemorrhoids in complicated situations such as hemorrhoids in pregnancy,hemorrhoids in immunocompromised patients,hemorrhoids in patients with cirrhosis or portal hypertension,hemorrhoids in patients having antithrombotic agents,and acutely thrombosed or strangulated hemorrhoids. Future perspectives in the treatment of hemorrhoids are also discussed.展开更多
目的探讨抗骨增生胶囊联合玻璃酸钠和氨基葡萄糖胶囊治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法选取2012年4月—2015年4月在四川省骨科医院接受治疗的膝骨关节炎患者100例,根据治疗方案的差别分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例,对照组患者关节腔注射...目的探讨抗骨增生胶囊联合玻璃酸钠和氨基葡萄糖胶囊治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法选取2012年4月—2015年4月在四川省骨科医院接受治疗的膝骨关节炎患者100例,根据治疗方案的差别分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例,对照组患者关节腔注射玻璃酸钠注射液,2 m L/次,1次/周;同时口服盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊,2粒/次,3次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服抗骨增生胶囊,5粒/次,3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗6个月。观察两组的临床疗效,同时比较两组治疗前后WOMAC评分、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、软骨寡聚基质蛋白(COMP)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、NO、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为84.00%、96.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者疼痛评分、关节僵硬评分、日常活动评分和综合评分均较治疗前显著降低,同组治疗前后差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组WOMAC评分减少程度优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组TNF-α、IL-1β、COMP及MMP-9水平显著降低,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组的降低程度优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血清NO、MDA水平显著降低,而SOD水平则升高,同组治疗前后差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论抗骨增生胶囊联合玻璃酸钠和氨基葡萄糖胶囊治疗膝骨关节炎疗效显著,可明显改善患者临床症状,降低血清炎性水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。展开更多
It may be an unpardonable sin to start a paper with an apology. But in this assembly of distinguished China scholars, I feel like a novice. My own field of
目的探讨体外冲击波联合康复治疗对早中期膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)病人的治疗效果及其对关节液中胶原蛋白2-1(Collagen2-1,Coll2-1)、软骨寡聚基质蛋白(COMP)水平的影响。方法选取2014年6月至2016年12月间收治的72例膝骨关...目的探讨体外冲击波联合康复治疗对早中期膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)病人的治疗效果及其对关节液中胶原蛋白2-1(Collagen2-1,Coll2-1)、软骨寡聚基质蛋白(COMP)水平的影响。方法选取2014年6月至2016年12月间收治的72例膝骨关节炎病人,随机分为对照组(36例)和观察组(36例),对照组病人给予关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠治疗,观察组给予体外冲击波治疗,且两组均给予康复理疗措施。分别在治疗前及治疗后2个月时,采用活动时疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、骨关节炎病人疼痛指数(Lequesne index)和美国西部安大略和麦克马斯特大学(the Western Ontario and Mc Master Universities,WOMAC)骨关节炎指数评价两组的疗效,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定关节液中Coll2-1、COMP的含量。结果两组病人治疗后的VAS评分、Lequesne指数、WOMAC评分均明显降低(P均<0.05),治疗后观察组各项评分明显低于对照组(P均<0.05)。治疗后两组病人关节液中Coll2-1、COMP的水平均比治疗前显著下降(P均<0.05),观察组下降程度明显优于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论体外冲击波联合康复治疗对膝骨关节炎病人的疗效较好,可明显减轻关节疼痛,改善膝关节活动功能,且明显降低病人关节液中的Coll2-1、COMP水平。展开更多
The ADAMTS(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs)family consists of 19 proteases.These enzymes are known to play important roles in development,angiogenesis and coagulation;dysregulation and m...The ADAMTS(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs)family consists of 19 proteases.These enzymes are known to play important roles in development,angiogenesis and coagulation;dysregulation and mutation of these enzymes have been implicated in many disease processes,such as inflammation,cancer,arthritis and atherosclerosis.This review briefly summarizes the structural organization and functional roles of ADAMTSs in normal and pathological conditions,focusing on members that are known to be involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix and loss of cartilage in arthritis,including the aggrecanases(ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5),ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12,the latter two are associated with cartilage oligomeric matrix protein(COMP),a component of the cartilage extracellular matrix(ECM).We will discuss the expression pattern and the regulation of these metalloproteinases at multiple levels,including their interaction with substrates,induction by pro-inflammatory cytokines,protein processing,inhibition(e.g.,TIMP-3,alpha-2-macroglobulin,GEP),and activation(e.g.,syndecan-4,PACE-4).展开更多
随着高速铁路的不断发展和列车速度的不断提高,高铁场景下车地通信的可靠性和高效性引起广泛关注。列车速度的提升导致更加频繁的越区切换,使系统的可靠性得不到保障,因此列车速度的提升对高铁通信网络的安全性和可靠性产生严重影响。...随着高速铁路的不断发展和列车速度的不断提高,高铁场景下车地通信的可靠性和高效性引起广泛关注。列车速度的提升导致更加频繁的越区切换,使系统的可靠性得不到保障,因此列车速度的提升对高铁通信网络的安全性和可靠性产生严重影响。本文提出1种将LTE-A(Long Term Evolution-Advanced)网络应用到高速铁路场景并基于协同多点传输/接收CoMP(Coordinated Multi-Point transmission/reception)技术的切换优化方案模型,方案参考协作集加入模型。对系统切换成功率等进行性能分析,并与传统切换方案进行性能对比。分析表明:本文基于CoMP的切换方案可有效提升高移动性下网络的切换成功概率,明显改善系统的可靠性和效率。展开更多
基金Supported by Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital,Mahidol University,Bangkok,Thailand
文摘Hemorrhoids is recognized as one of the most common medical conditions in general population. It is clinically characterized by painless rectal bleeding during defecation with or without prolapsing anal tissue. Generally,hemorrhoids can be divided into two types: internal hemorrhoid and external hemorrhoid. External hemorrhoid usually requires no specific treatment unless it becomes acutely thrombosed or causes patients discomfort. Meanwhile,low-graded internal hemorrhoids can be effectively treated with medication and nonoperative measures(such as rubber band ligation and injection sclerotherapy). Surgery is indicated for highgraded internal hemorrhoids,or when non-operative approaches have failed,or complications have occurred. Although excisional hemorrhoidectomy remains the mainstay operation for advanced hemorrhoids and complicated hemorrhoids,several minimally invasive operations(including Ligasure hemorrhoidectomy,doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation and stapled hemorrhoidopexy) have been introduced into surgical practices in order to avoid post-hemorrhiodectomy pain. This article deals with some fundamental knowledge and current treatment of hemorrhoids in a view of a coloproctologist- which includes the management of hemorrhoids in complicated situations such as hemorrhoids in pregnancy,hemorrhoids in immunocompromised patients,hemorrhoids in patients with cirrhosis or portal hypertension,hemorrhoids in patients having antithrombotic agents,and acutely thrombosed or strangulated hemorrhoids. Future perspectives in the treatment of hemorrhoids are also discussed.
文摘目的探讨抗骨增生胶囊联合玻璃酸钠和氨基葡萄糖胶囊治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法选取2012年4月—2015年4月在四川省骨科医院接受治疗的膝骨关节炎患者100例,根据治疗方案的差别分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例,对照组患者关节腔注射玻璃酸钠注射液,2 m L/次,1次/周;同时口服盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊,2粒/次,3次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服抗骨增生胶囊,5粒/次,3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗6个月。观察两组的临床疗效,同时比较两组治疗前后WOMAC评分、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、软骨寡聚基质蛋白(COMP)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、NO、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为84.00%、96.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者疼痛评分、关节僵硬评分、日常活动评分和综合评分均较治疗前显著降低,同组治疗前后差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组WOMAC评分减少程度优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组TNF-α、IL-1β、COMP及MMP-9水平显著降低,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组的降低程度优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血清NO、MDA水平显著降低,而SOD水平则升高,同组治疗前后差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论抗骨增生胶囊联合玻璃酸钠和氨基葡萄糖胶囊治疗膝骨关节炎疗效显著,可明显改善患者临床症状,降低血清炎性水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。
文摘It may be an unpardonable sin to start a paper with an apology. But in this assembly of distinguished China scholars, I feel like a novice. My own field of
文摘目的探讨体外冲击波联合康复治疗对早中期膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)病人的治疗效果及其对关节液中胶原蛋白2-1(Collagen2-1,Coll2-1)、软骨寡聚基质蛋白(COMP)水平的影响。方法选取2014年6月至2016年12月间收治的72例膝骨关节炎病人,随机分为对照组(36例)和观察组(36例),对照组病人给予关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠治疗,观察组给予体外冲击波治疗,且两组均给予康复理疗措施。分别在治疗前及治疗后2个月时,采用活动时疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、骨关节炎病人疼痛指数(Lequesne index)和美国西部安大略和麦克马斯特大学(the Western Ontario and Mc Master Universities,WOMAC)骨关节炎指数评价两组的疗效,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定关节液中Coll2-1、COMP的含量。结果两组病人治疗后的VAS评分、Lequesne指数、WOMAC评分均明显降低(P均<0.05),治疗后观察组各项评分明显低于对照组(P均<0.05)。治疗后两组病人关节液中Coll2-1、COMP的水平均比治疗前显著下降(P均<0.05),观察组下降程度明显优于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论体外冲击波联合康复治疗对膝骨关节炎病人的疗效较好,可明显减轻关节疼痛,改善膝关节活动功能,且明显降低病人关节液中的Coll2-1、COMP水平。
文摘The ADAMTS(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs)family consists of 19 proteases.These enzymes are known to play important roles in development,angiogenesis and coagulation;dysregulation and mutation of these enzymes have been implicated in many disease processes,such as inflammation,cancer,arthritis and atherosclerosis.This review briefly summarizes the structural organization and functional roles of ADAMTSs in normal and pathological conditions,focusing on members that are known to be involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix and loss of cartilage in arthritis,including the aggrecanases(ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5),ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12,the latter two are associated with cartilage oligomeric matrix protein(COMP),a component of the cartilage extracellular matrix(ECM).We will discuss the expression pattern and the regulation of these metalloproteinases at multiple levels,including their interaction with substrates,induction by pro-inflammatory cytokines,protein processing,inhibition(e.g.,TIMP-3,alpha-2-macroglobulin,GEP),and activation(e.g.,syndecan-4,PACE-4).
文摘随着高速铁路的不断发展和列车速度的不断提高,高铁场景下车地通信的可靠性和高效性引起广泛关注。列车速度的提升导致更加频繁的越区切换,使系统的可靠性得不到保障,因此列车速度的提升对高铁通信网络的安全性和可靠性产生严重影响。本文提出1种将LTE-A(Long Term Evolution-Advanced)网络应用到高速铁路场景并基于协同多点传输/接收CoMP(Coordinated Multi-Point transmission/reception)技术的切换优化方案模型,方案参考协作集加入模型。对系统切换成功率等进行性能分析,并与传统切换方案进行性能对比。分析表明:本文基于CoMP的切换方案可有效提升高移动性下网络的切换成功概率,明显改善系统的可靠性和效率。
