Artificial intelligence(AI) enables machines to provide unparalleled value in a myriad of industries and applications. In recent years, researchers have harnessed artificial intelligence to analyze large-volume, unstr...Artificial intelligence(AI) enables machines to provide unparalleled value in a myriad of industries and applications. In recent years, researchers have harnessed artificial intelligence to analyze large-volume, unstructured medical data and perform clinical tasks, such as the identification of diabetic retinopathy or the diagnosis of cutaneous malignancies. Applications of artificial intelligence techniques, specifically machine learning and more recently deep learning, are beginning to emerge in gastrointestinal endoscopy. The most promising of these efforts have been in computeraided detection and computer-aided diagnosis of colorectal polyps, with recent systems demonstrating high sensitivity and accuracy even when compared to expert human endoscopists. AI has also been utilized to identify gastrointestinal bleeding, to detect areas of inflammation, and even to diagnose certain gastrointestinal infections. Future work in the field should concentrate on creating seamless integration of AI systems with current endoscopy platforms and electronic medical records, developing training modules to teach clinicians how to use AI tools, and determining the best means for regulation and approval of new AI technology.展开更多
The incidence of colorectal carcinoma is increasing in young patients, in contrast to the well established wisdom that it is exclusively diagnosed in patients older than 40 years. In this survey, we examined all possi...The incidence of colorectal carcinoma is increasing in young patients, in contrast to the well established wisdom that it is exclusively diagnosed in patients older than 40 years. In this survey, we examined all possible risk factors, and we recommend a number of measures for early detection in young patients who are at risk of developing this malignant tumor.展开更多
印戒细胞癌(signet ring cell carcinoma,SRCC)是结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)中一类少见但特征明显的病理亚型,其具有富含黏液的表型,且转移率较高、预后较差。本课题组的CRC单细胞RNA测序(single-cell RNA sequencing,scRNA-seq)...印戒细胞癌(signet ring cell carcinoma,SRCC)是结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)中一类少见但特征明显的病理亚型,其具有富含黏液的表型,且转移率较高、预后较差。本课题组的CRC单细胞RNA测序(single-cell RNA sequencing,scRNA-seq)队列中,招募了1例该病例,是目前世界上首例来源于结直肠SRCC的scRNA-seq数据。本文基于这一批scRNA-seq数据及其他公开数据,探索了SRCC与常见腺癌(adenocarcinoma,AC)之间的细胞和分子生物学差异。结果提示,SRCC中杯状细胞样的恶性细胞是导致其独特表型的原因,这些细胞特异性上调蛋白质加工处理和细胞黏附相关信号通路,并高表达多种黏蛋白基因;上皮间充质转换(epithelial to mesenchymal transition,EMT)与CRC转移相关。SRCC具有不同于AC的EMT基因表达谱,SRCC被证明具有高水平的EMT,这也与它们的高恶性程度相一致;结合肿瘤基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库中CRC转录组数据和随访信息,EMT相关基因存在潜在预后作用;与AC相比,SRCC中淋巴细胞的占比较低,髓系细胞占比较高,且上皮细胞与免疫细胞的相关性降低;CRC中上皮细胞与基质细胞间广泛存在胶原蛋白和整合素的相互作用。该研究首次报道了结直肠SRCC的单细胞转录组图谱,是对近年来CRC单细胞图谱的有力补充,为寻找结直肠SRCC的治疗靶点提供新的思路。展开更多
目的:探讨微环境中Ⅸ型胶原α1(collagen type IX alpha 1 chain,COL9A1)在结直肠腺癌中的表达及其与肿瘤进展的相关性和临床意义。方法:收集2012年1月至2021年1月手术切除的结直肠癌标本408例,采用免疫组织化学检测结直肠腺癌肿瘤组织...目的:探讨微环境中Ⅸ型胶原α1(collagen type IX alpha 1 chain,COL9A1)在结直肠腺癌中的表达及其与肿瘤进展的相关性和临床意义。方法:收集2012年1月至2021年1月手术切除的结直肠癌标本408例,采用免疫组织化学检测结直肠腺癌肿瘤组织及癌旁正常组织中COL9A1表达,同时检测肿瘤组织中肿瘤蛋白53(tumor protein 53,P53)和错配修复(mismatch repair,MMR)蛋白MLH1、MSH6和PMS2的表达,统计分析COL9A1的表达与各临床病理特征参数的关系,以及与P53突变和MMR状态的相关性,并分析COL9A1阳性表达患者的预后情况。结果:COL9A1在结直肠腺癌肿瘤组织中表达显著低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.001);COL9A1的表达与肿瘤浸润深度、临床分期和肠系膜淋巴结转移有关(χ^(2)=16.943、89.031和84.814;均P<0.001),而与P53突变和MMR状态无关(χ^(2)=0.677、1.260,均P>0.05);Log-rank检验显示COL9A1阴性表达患者的无进展生存期(progression free survival,PFS)和总体生存期(overall survival,OS)显著低于COL9A1阳性表达患者(分别P<0.001,P=0.040)。结论:结直肠腺癌中COL9A1蛋白的表达缺失与肿瘤浸润及转移密切相关,并提示不良预后,这可为结直肠癌预后评估、药物筛选等提供可能的分子标志物和治疗策略。展开更多
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI) enables machines to provide unparalleled value in a myriad of industries and applications. In recent years, researchers have harnessed artificial intelligence to analyze large-volume, unstructured medical data and perform clinical tasks, such as the identification of diabetic retinopathy or the diagnosis of cutaneous malignancies. Applications of artificial intelligence techniques, specifically machine learning and more recently deep learning, are beginning to emerge in gastrointestinal endoscopy. The most promising of these efforts have been in computeraided detection and computer-aided diagnosis of colorectal polyps, with recent systems demonstrating high sensitivity and accuracy even when compared to expert human endoscopists. AI has also been utilized to identify gastrointestinal bleeding, to detect areas of inflammation, and even to diagnose certain gastrointestinal infections. Future work in the field should concentrate on creating seamless integration of AI systems with current endoscopy platforms and electronic medical records, developing training modules to teach clinicians how to use AI tools, and determining the best means for regulation and approval of new AI technology.
文摘The incidence of colorectal carcinoma is increasing in young patients, in contrast to the well established wisdom that it is exclusively diagnosed in patients older than 40 years. In this survey, we examined all possible risk factors, and we recommend a number of measures for early detection in young patients who are at risk of developing this malignant tumor.
文摘印戒细胞癌(signet ring cell carcinoma,SRCC)是结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)中一类少见但特征明显的病理亚型,其具有富含黏液的表型,且转移率较高、预后较差。本课题组的CRC单细胞RNA测序(single-cell RNA sequencing,scRNA-seq)队列中,招募了1例该病例,是目前世界上首例来源于结直肠SRCC的scRNA-seq数据。本文基于这一批scRNA-seq数据及其他公开数据,探索了SRCC与常见腺癌(adenocarcinoma,AC)之间的细胞和分子生物学差异。结果提示,SRCC中杯状细胞样的恶性细胞是导致其独特表型的原因,这些细胞特异性上调蛋白质加工处理和细胞黏附相关信号通路,并高表达多种黏蛋白基因;上皮间充质转换(epithelial to mesenchymal transition,EMT)与CRC转移相关。SRCC具有不同于AC的EMT基因表达谱,SRCC被证明具有高水平的EMT,这也与它们的高恶性程度相一致;结合肿瘤基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库中CRC转录组数据和随访信息,EMT相关基因存在潜在预后作用;与AC相比,SRCC中淋巴细胞的占比较低,髓系细胞占比较高,且上皮细胞与免疫细胞的相关性降低;CRC中上皮细胞与基质细胞间广泛存在胶原蛋白和整合素的相互作用。该研究首次报道了结直肠SRCC的单细胞转录组图谱,是对近年来CRC单细胞图谱的有力补充,为寻找结直肠SRCC的治疗靶点提供新的思路。
文摘目的:探讨微环境中Ⅸ型胶原α1(collagen type IX alpha 1 chain,COL9A1)在结直肠腺癌中的表达及其与肿瘤进展的相关性和临床意义。方法:收集2012年1月至2021年1月手术切除的结直肠癌标本408例,采用免疫组织化学检测结直肠腺癌肿瘤组织及癌旁正常组织中COL9A1表达,同时检测肿瘤组织中肿瘤蛋白53(tumor protein 53,P53)和错配修复(mismatch repair,MMR)蛋白MLH1、MSH6和PMS2的表达,统计分析COL9A1的表达与各临床病理特征参数的关系,以及与P53突变和MMR状态的相关性,并分析COL9A1阳性表达患者的预后情况。结果:COL9A1在结直肠腺癌肿瘤组织中表达显著低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.001);COL9A1的表达与肿瘤浸润深度、临床分期和肠系膜淋巴结转移有关(χ^(2)=16.943、89.031和84.814;均P<0.001),而与P53突变和MMR状态无关(χ^(2)=0.677、1.260,均P>0.05);Log-rank检验显示COL9A1阴性表达患者的无进展生存期(progression free survival,PFS)和总体生存期(overall survival,OS)显著低于COL9A1阳性表达患者(分别P<0.001,P=0.040)。结论:结直肠腺癌中COL9A1蛋白的表达缺失与肿瘤浸润及转移密切相关,并提示不良预后,这可为结直肠癌预后评估、药物筛选等提供可能的分子标志物和治疗策略。
