背景:在初次全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中选择有领还是无领生物固定型股骨柄,目前仍存在争议。目的:对比使用有领或无领Corail股骨柄行初次THA的早期疗效及影像学结果。方法:回顾性分析2017年6月1日至2020年3月1日由...背景:在初次全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中选择有领还是无领生物固定型股骨柄,目前仍存在争议。目的:对比使用有领或无领Corail股骨柄行初次THA的早期疗效及影像学结果。方法:回顾性分析2017年6月1日至2020年3月1日由同一术者主刀的单侧初次THA病例资料,根据使用的股骨柄类型分为有领组和无领组。比较两组的临床结果和影像学结果。结果:共纳入149例患者(149髋);无领柄组79例(男/女,27/52),平均年龄(53.3±15.5)岁(18~79岁),平均BM(I24.7±4.1)kg/m2,平均随访20.2个月(16~36个月);有领柄组70例(男/女,28/42),平均年龄(58.3±17.1)岁(28~73岁),平均BMI(24.7±3.5)kg/m2,平均随访15.4个月(12~19个月)。两组患者的性别、年龄、BMI、股骨髓腔Dorr分型均无显著差异(P>0.05)。有领柄组术后住院日较无领柄组缩短[(4.4±0.7)d vs(5.4±1.0)d,P<0.001]。两组在术后早期并发症、末次随访Harris评分、假体髓腔填充、假体力线、异位骨化、假体周围骨溶解无显著差异(P>0.05)。随访期间两组无关节脱位、假体松动、假体周围骨折、大腿痛、迟发感染及翻修发生。结论:使用有领或无领Corail柄行初次THA均是成熟安全的手术,并发症少,疗效满意;两者早期临床结果及影像学结果无显著差异,远期疗效尚待进一步观察。展开更多
Background:In bird species where offspring growth and survival rely on parents’food provisioning,parents can maximise their fitness by increasing the quantity and/or the quality of preys delivered to their offspring....Background:In bird species where offspring growth and survival rely on parents’food provisioning,parents can maximise their fitness by increasing the quantity and/or the quality of preys delivered to their offspring.Many studies have focused on inter-individual variation in feeding rate,yet this measure may not accurately reflect the total amount of food(i.e.energy)provided by parents if there is large variation in the quantity and quality of preys at each feeding.Here,we explored the relative role of individual(sex,age,body condition),breeding(hatching date,brood size)and environmental(temperature)factors on feeding rate,prey number,size and quality,and their contribution to total prey biomass delivered to the nestlings of 164 Collared Flycatcher(Ficedula albicollis)parents in 98 nests.Results:Preys delivered to the nest were mainly larvae(53.6%)and flying insects(45.6%).Feeding rate increased with brood size and age,and was higher in males than females.Mean prey number decreased,but mean prey size increased,as the season progressed and parents feeding their brood with primary larvae brought more preys per visit.Relationships between feeding rate,mean prey number and size remained when taking into account the provision-ing quality:parents brought either a large number of small prey or a small number of larger items,and the force of the trade-offs between feeding rate and mean prey number and size depended on the quality of the provisioning of the parents.Whatever the percentage of larvae among preys in the provisioning,the variance in total prey biomass was foremost explained by feeding rate(65.1%to 76.6%)compared to mean prey number(16.4%to 26%)and prey size(2.7%to 4%).Conclusions:Our study shows that variation in feeding rate,prey number,size,but not quality(i.e.percentage of lar-vae),were influenced by individual factors(sex and age)and breeding decisions(brood size and timing of breeding)and that,whatever the provisioning strategy adopted,feeding rate was the best proxy of the total biomass delivered to th展开更多
Background:Eurasian Collared Dove(Streptopelia decaocto)is a species distributed in the Eurasian continent and North Africa,and inhabiting mainly in Saitama Prefecture in Japan.Eurasian Collared Dove is one of the mos...Background:Eurasian Collared Dove(Streptopelia decaocto)is a species distributed in the Eurasian continent and North Africa,and inhabiting mainly in Saitama Prefecture in Japan.Eurasian Collared Dove is one of the most prosper-ous invaders in the world,and Japanese Eurasian Collared Dove has also been introduced from overseas.The Japa-nese population has declined to one-hundredth over 30 years and is being protected.In this study,we analyzed its genetic diversity in order to understand the genetic differences between wild populations of Eurasian Collared Dove and those bred in zoos.Methods:A sequence of about 1.9 kb mtDNA was determined for 20 wild Eurasian Collared Doves living in Saitama,Japan and 20 zoo-bred Eurasian Collared Doves,and population genetic analysis was performed.Results:In the COI gene,778 bp had the same sequence in all the 40 individuals examined,and no mutation sites could be confirmed.In the control region,two base substitution sites were confirmed in 1140 bp long sequence.Three haplotypes were detected in 20 individuals in wild,whereas all 20 zoo-bred individuals possessed the same haplotypes possessed in the wild population.Conclusion:Haplotypes of zoo-bred individuals were also retained among the wild individuals,confirming that no genetic problems could occur if the zoo-bred individuals were released to the wild for the Japanese Eurasian Collared Dove propagation program.展开更多
The trade creation and conservation of wild species in Amazon, including collared peccaries （Pecari tajacu）, may be favored by artificial insemination, but the time of semen storage may lead to reduced fertility in ...The trade creation and conservation of wild species in Amazon, including collared peccaries （Pecari tajacu）, may be favored by artificial insemination, but the time of semen storage may lead to reduced fertility in sperm of some wild animals. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of semen storage at 17 ℃ over time on seminal features of peccaries in captivity. Eight adult males were sedated and underwent electroejaculation. The ejaculates （n = 65） were evaluated for volume, concentration, pH, sperm motility, vigor, and cell with intact plasma membrane intact （IPM） and sperm morphology. Selected ejaculates （n = 21） were diluted （1：1） in Beltsville Thawing Solution and kept during 48 hours under controlled temperature （17 ℃）. Assessments were made after dilution （TO）, after 24 hours （T24）, and 48 hours after the onset of cooling （T48）. The storage impacted on sperm survival （P 〈 0.05）. Semen characteristics changed throughout the storage period studied and after 48 hours storage. The decline of sperm motility was of 55.2% for 10.9%, vigor was 2.3 for 0.5 and IPM cells were of 59.0% for 15.8%. Primary defects sperm increased of 19.8% for 32.2%, secondary defects of 9.8% for 10.4% and total defects of 29.4% for 42.7%. However, within 24 hours of preservation, chilled semen peccaries presented sperm motility average rate and IMP cells levels indicative to use in assisted reproductive events. These results indicate chilled semen for 24 hours could be used in experimentally artificial insemination of peccaries, technology that still has not been performed before.展开更多
In order to incorporate the knowledge of two species of wild doves and compare the results of both, we assessed morphometrics (body weight, bill, tarsus, tail, wing, head and culmen length) and body condition index (u...In order to incorporate the knowledge of two species of wild doves and compare the results of both, we assessed morphometrics (body weight, bill, tarsus, tail, wing, head and culmen length) and body condition index (using weigh, wing, tail and tarsus length) of Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto and Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura (Aves: Columbidae) based on 40 specimens of each species collected during fall-winter 2013 and spring-summer 2014 in the municipality of Durango, Durango, Mexico. We found that body condition index was higher during fallwinter for both species. We also found size dimorphism. Males of Eurasian Collared-Dove were larger than females in head length (p = 0.002) and tail length (p = 0.05) but smaller in culmen length. Female Mourning Doves had a higher body condition index compared to males (p = 0.02) during both seasons. As expected, Eurasian Collared-Dove was larger in all measurements than Mourning Dove (p > 0.05) but tail length (p = 0.12).展开更多
文摘背景:在初次全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中选择有领还是无领生物固定型股骨柄,目前仍存在争议。目的:对比使用有领或无领Corail股骨柄行初次THA的早期疗效及影像学结果。方法:回顾性分析2017年6月1日至2020年3月1日由同一术者主刀的单侧初次THA病例资料,根据使用的股骨柄类型分为有领组和无领组。比较两组的临床结果和影像学结果。结果:共纳入149例患者(149髋);无领柄组79例(男/女,27/52),平均年龄(53.3±15.5)岁(18~79岁),平均BM(I24.7±4.1)kg/m2,平均随访20.2个月(16~36个月);有领柄组70例(男/女,28/42),平均年龄(58.3±17.1)岁(28~73岁),平均BMI(24.7±3.5)kg/m2,平均随访15.4个月(12~19个月)。两组患者的性别、年龄、BMI、股骨髓腔Dorr分型均无显著差异(P>0.05)。有领柄组术后住院日较无领柄组缩短[(4.4±0.7)d vs(5.4±1.0)d,P<0.001]。两组在术后早期并发症、末次随访Harris评分、假体髓腔填充、假体力线、异位骨化、假体周围骨溶解无显著差异(P>0.05)。随访期间两组无关节脱位、假体松动、假体周围骨折、大腿痛、迟发感染及翻修发生。结论:使用有领或无领Corail柄行初次THA均是成熟安全的手术,并发症少,疗效满意;两者早期临床结果及影像学结果无显著差异,远期疗效尚待进一步观察。
文摘Background:In bird species where offspring growth and survival rely on parents’food provisioning,parents can maximise their fitness by increasing the quantity and/or the quality of preys delivered to their offspring.Many studies have focused on inter-individual variation in feeding rate,yet this measure may not accurately reflect the total amount of food(i.e.energy)provided by parents if there is large variation in the quantity and quality of preys at each feeding.Here,we explored the relative role of individual(sex,age,body condition),breeding(hatching date,brood size)and environmental(temperature)factors on feeding rate,prey number,size and quality,and their contribution to total prey biomass delivered to the nestlings of 164 Collared Flycatcher(Ficedula albicollis)parents in 98 nests.Results:Preys delivered to the nest were mainly larvae(53.6%)and flying insects(45.6%).Feeding rate increased with brood size and age,and was higher in males than females.Mean prey number decreased,but mean prey size increased,as the season progressed and parents feeding their brood with primary larvae brought more preys per visit.Relationships between feeding rate,mean prey number and size remained when taking into account the provision-ing quality:parents brought either a large number of small prey or a small number of larger items,and the force of the trade-offs between feeding rate and mean prey number and size depended on the quality of the provisioning of the parents.Whatever the percentage of larvae among preys in the provisioning,the variance in total prey biomass was foremost explained by feeding rate(65.1%to 76.6%)compared to mean prey number(16.4%to 26%)and prey size(2.7%to 4%).Conclusions:Our study shows that variation in feeding rate,prey number,size,but not quality(i.e.percentage of lar-vae),were influenced by individual factors(sex and age)and breeding decisions(brood size and timing of breeding)and that,whatever the provisioning strategy adopted,feeding rate was the best proxy of the total biomass delivered to th
文摘Background:Eurasian Collared Dove(Streptopelia decaocto)is a species distributed in the Eurasian continent and North Africa,and inhabiting mainly in Saitama Prefecture in Japan.Eurasian Collared Dove is one of the most prosper-ous invaders in the world,and Japanese Eurasian Collared Dove has also been introduced from overseas.The Japa-nese population has declined to one-hundredth over 30 years and is being protected.In this study,we analyzed its genetic diversity in order to understand the genetic differences between wild populations of Eurasian Collared Dove and those bred in zoos.Methods:A sequence of about 1.9 kb mtDNA was determined for 20 wild Eurasian Collared Doves living in Saitama,Japan and 20 zoo-bred Eurasian Collared Doves,and population genetic analysis was performed.Results:In the COI gene,778 bp had the same sequence in all the 40 individuals examined,and no mutation sites could be confirmed.In the control region,two base substitution sites were confirmed in 1140 bp long sequence.Three haplotypes were detected in 20 individuals in wild,whereas all 20 zoo-bred individuals possessed the same haplotypes possessed in the wild population.Conclusion:Haplotypes of zoo-bred individuals were also retained among the wild individuals,confirming that no genetic problems could occur if the zoo-bred individuals were released to the wild for the Japanese Eurasian Collared Dove propagation program.
文摘The trade creation and conservation of wild species in Amazon, including collared peccaries （Pecari tajacu）, may be favored by artificial insemination, but the time of semen storage may lead to reduced fertility in sperm of some wild animals. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of semen storage at 17 ℃ over time on seminal features of peccaries in captivity. Eight adult males were sedated and underwent electroejaculation. The ejaculates （n = 65） were evaluated for volume, concentration, pH, sperm motility, vigor, and cell with intact plasma membrane intact （IPM） and sperm morphology. Selected ejaculates （n = 21） were diluted （1：1） in Beltsville Thawing Solution and kept during 48 hours under controlled temperature （17 ℃）. Assessments were made after dilution （TO）, after 24 hours （T24）, and 48 hours after the onset of cooling （T48）. The storage impacted on sperm survival （P 〈 0.05）. Semen characteristics changed throughout the storage period studied and after 48 hours storage. The decline of sperm motility was of 55.2% for 10.9%, vigor was 2.3 for 0.5 and IPM cells were of 59.0% for 15.8%. Primary defects sperm increased of 19.8% for 32.2%, secondary defects of 9.8% for 10.4% and total defects of 29.4% for 42.7%. However, within 24 hours of preservation, chilled semen peccaries presented sperm motility average rate and IMP cells levels indicative to use in assisted reproductive events. These results indicate chilled semen for 24 hours could be used in experimentally artificial insemination of peccaries, technology that still has not been performed before.
文摘In order to incorporate the knowledge of two species of wild doves and compare the results of both, we assessed morphometrics (body weight, bill, tarsus, tail, wing, head and culmen length) and body condition index (using weigh, wing, tail and tarsus length) of Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto and Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura (Aves: Columbidae) based on 40 specimens of each species collected during fall-winter 2013 and spring-summer 2014 in the municipality of Durango, Durango, Mexico. We found that body condition index was higher during fallwinter for both species. We also found size dimorphism. Males of Eurasian Collared-Dove were larger than females in head length (p = 0.002) and tail length (p = 0.05) but smaller in culmen length. Female Mourning Doves had a higher body condition index compared to males (p = 0.02) during both seasons. As expected, Eurasian Collared-Dove was larger in all measurements than Mourning Dove (p > 0.05) but tail length (p = 0.12).
