柑橘黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)主要危害果实,在果皮上形成各种病斑而影响果实的外观品质和销售价格,严重时可造成田间落果和贮藏期果实腐烂。同时,黑斑病被欧盟列为A1类外来有害生物,美国对此也有严格的限制。因此,该病害影响柑橘...柑橘黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)主要危害果实,在果皮上形成各种病斑而影响果实的外观品质和销售价格,严重时可造成田间落果和贮藏期果实腐烂。同时,黑斑病被欧盟列为A1类外来有害生物,美国对此也有严格的限制。因此,该病害影响柑橘鲜果的国际贸易。黑斑病的病原属球座菌(Guignardia),其无性态为叶点霉菌(Phyl-losticta)。宽皮柑橘(Citrus reticulata)、橙类(C.sinensis)和柠檬(C.limon)上为柑橘球座菌(G.citricarpa),无性态为柑橘叶点霉(P.citricarpa)。而最新研究表明亚洲柚黑斑病(也称tan spot,棕褐斑病)的病原与上述柑橘上的不同,其有性态尚未发现,无性态则为亚洲柑橘叶点霉菌(P.citriasiana)。此外,P.capitalensis作为一种内生菌普遍存在于各类柑橘中,常干扰病害的检测。鉴于该病害在我国发生普遍,局部危害严重,而相关信息匮乏,作者综合国内外相关研究报道,结合自身部分工作,就病害发生历史、分布和危害性,病害症状,病原菌种类,发生规律和检测,病害在欧盟国家的发生风险,以及病害的防治等方面作了较为详细的介绍,以期满足读者对柑橘黑斑病的全方位了解需求。展开更多
柑桔黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)是一种真菌性病害,主要为害果实,并产生褐色斑点,严重时蔓延至全果,造成果实腐烂,显著影响果实的品质和外观,降低经济价值,被欧美等国列为重要的检疫性病害,近年来该病在我国一些柑桔产区已上升为主...柑桔黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)是一种真菌性病害,主要为害果实,并产生褐色斑点,严重时蔓延至全果,造成果实腐烂,显著影响果实的品质和外观,降低经济价值,被欧美等国列为重要的检疫性病害,近年来该病在我国一些柑桔产区已上升为主要病害。本文主要从柑桔黑斑病的病原菌、发病特点及检测方法等几个方面进行简要的概述。展开更多
Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per ...Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per year to manage citrus canker warrants an investigation into the effects of copper on growth of isolates of G. citricarpa from citrus in Florida. Guignardia citricarpa and G. mangiferae isolates, confirmed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing of ribosomal DNA and DNA homology, were inoculated on non-amended media and media amended with 50 and 500 μg·ml-1 copper sulfate. Radial colony growth was assessed over a 26 to 59 day period. Copper reduced the growth of G. citricarpa isolates in media amended with 500 μg·ml-1 copper but had variable effects on radial growth in media amended with 50 μg·ml-1 copper. There was little effect of copper on the in vitro growth of G. mangiferae isolates. Field application of copper with and without an adjuvant for the control of citrus black spot was undertaken in a commercial grove in Florida in 2011. Spray applications were made on a 23.3 ± 4.7 day interval and fruit accessed between December 2011 and March 2012 for black spot symptoms. Copper failed to reduce the proportion of fruit exhibiting symptoms compared to that of the controls.展开更多
文摘柑橘黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)主要危害果实,在果皮上形成各种病斑而影响果实的外观品质和销售价格,严重时可造成田间落果和贮藏期果实腐烂。同时,黑斑病被欧盟列为A1类外来有害生物,美国对此也有严格的限制。因此,该病害影响柑橘鲜果的国际贸易。黑斑病的病原属球座菌(Guignardia),其无性态为叶点霉菌(Phyl-losticta)。宽皮柑橘(Citrus reticulata)、橙类(C.sinensis)和柠檬(C.limon)上为柑橘球座菌(G.citricarpa),无性态为柑橘叶点霉(P.citricarpa)。而最新研究表明亚洲柚黑斑病(也称tan spot,棕褐斑病)的病原与上述柑橘上的不同,其有性态尚未发现,无性态则为亚洲柑橘叶点霉菌(P.citriasiana)。此外,P.capitalensis作为一种内生菌普遍存在于各类柑橘中,常干扰病害的检测。鉴于该病害在我国发生普遍,局部危害严重,而相关信息匮乏,作者综合国内外相关研究报道,结合自身部分工作,就病害发生历史、分布和危害性,病害症状,病原菌种类,发生规律和检测,病害在欧盟国家的发生风险,以及病害的防治等方面作了较为详细的介绍,以期满足读者对柑橘黑斑病的全方位了解需求。
文摘柑桔黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)是一种真菌性病害,主要为害果实,并产生褐色斑点,严重时蔓延至全果,造成果实腐烂,显著影响果实的品质和外观,降低经济价值,被欧美等国列为重要的检疫性病害,近年来该病在我国一些柑桔产区已上升为主要病害。本文主要从柑桔黑斑病的病原菌、发病特点及检测方法等几个方面进行简要的概述。
文摘Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per year to manage citrus canker warrants an investigation into the effects of copper on growth of isolates of G. citricarpa from citrus in Florida. Guignardia citricarpa and G. mangiferae isolates, confirmed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing of ribosomal DNA and DNA homology, were inoculated on non-amended media and media amended with 50 and 500 μg·ml-1 copper sulfate. Radial colony growth was assessed over a 26 to 59 day period. Copper reduced the growth of G. citricarpa isolates in media amended with 500 μg·ml-1 copper but had variable effects on radial growth in media amended with 50 μg·ml-1 copper. There was little effect of copper on the in vitro growth of G. mangiferae isolates. Field application of copper with and without an adjuvant for the control of citrus black spot was undertaken in a commercial grove in Florida in 2011. Spray applications were made on a 23.3 ± 4.7 day interval and fruit accessed between December 2011 and March 2012 for black spot symptoms. Copper failed to reduce the proportion of fruit exhibiting symptoms compared to that of the controls.
