Chiral thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) molecules showing circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) have great potential in 3D displays. However, the relationships among CPL property, device performance and...Chiral thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) molecules showing circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) have great potential in 3D displays. However, the relationships among CPL property, device performance and molecule structure are still not clear. In this article, we develop a strategy to promote dissymmetry factors without sacrifice in device performance and study the impact of molecule structures towards CPL property. Three novel TADF enantiomers are synthesized and studied.(R/S)-SCN with diminutive cyano group as an acceptor shows dissymmetry factor |gPL| ≈ 1.4×10^(-3) and noticeable organic light-emitting diode(OLED) performances with a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQEmax) of 23.0%. For(R/S)-SPHCN, the prolonged electron withdrawing group benzonitrile enhances |gPL| up to 3.6×10^(-3) with decreased device EQEmaxof 15.4%. By further replacing benzonitrile with(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, the enantiomers of(R/S)-SCFPY show similar |gPL| factors of 3.5×10^(-3) and device EQE_(max)up to 23.3%, which represents the highest efficiency among sprio-type TADF materials based OLEDs. Furthermore, the OLEDs also show obvious circularly polarized electroluminescence with gELfactors of-1.4/1.8×10^(-3),-3.6/3.6×10^(-3) and-3.7/3.6×10^(-3), respectively. These results indecate by delicate functional group engineering, high g factor can be achieved while maintaining decent device performances. Besides,(R/S)-SCFPY represents an impressive TADF emitter, which shows promoted g factor and recorded high device EQE_(max)among similar molecules.展开更多
Chirality is an important natural characteristic of organic molecules,and chiral organic molecules have shown extensive application in areas such as pharmaceutical development and material science.Benefiting from the ...Chirality is an important natural characteristic of organic molecules,and chiral organic molecules have shown extensive application in areas such as pharmaceutical development and material science.Benefiting from the ability to achieve circularly polarized luminescence(CPL),chiral luminescent materials have shown potential applications in anti-glare display,optical communication and,3D display,etc.Due to the ability to harvest both singlet and triplet excitons by a fast reverse intersystem crossing process without involving noble metals,chiral thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials with point chirality,axial chirality,planar chirality and helical chirality are regarded as the state-of-the-art materials for circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes(CP-OLEDs).In recent years,the chiral TADF materials and CP-OLEDs have rapidly developed,but unfortunately,the dissymmetry factors(g)are far from the requirement of practical applications.The ideal emitters and devices should have both high efficiency and a g factor,or at least a balance between these two elements.This review gives an overview of recent progress in chiral TADF materials,with a particular focus on the chiral skeleton,CPL property and device performance.Furthermore,the molecular design concept,device structure and methods to improve the g factors of chiral materials and CP-OLEDs are also discussed.展开更多
The research on circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its many potential applications.One aspect of this research involves the pursuit of chiral materials that...The research on circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its many potential applications.One aspect of this research involves the pursuit of chiral materials that posess both high luminescence efficiency and dissymmetry factors.The investigation of CPL behavior is of paramount importance because the structural information of chiral luminescent systems in the excited state can be uncovered.The objective of this review is to offer a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the CPL research field,with a particular focus on the development of chiral emissive materials,including organic,inorganic,and hybrid substances.Furthermore,this review outlines the recent applications of these materials in areas such as displays,photoelectric devices,anticounterfeiting measures,and sensors.Finally,we highlight the primary challenges and potential prospects of CPL materials.Our aspiration is that this endeavor will contribute new perspectives and insights that further advancements in related research fields.展开更多
Background: Despite the recent development of new therapies, multiple myeloma(MM) remains an incurable disease. Thus, new, efective treatments are urgently needed, particularly for relapsed or refractory MM(RRMM). In ...Background: Despite the recent development of new therapies, multiple myeloma(MM) remains an incurable disease. Thus, new, efective treatments are urgently needed, particularly for relapsed or refractory MM(RRMM). In an earlier phase I study, a novel form of recombinant human Apo2L/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL) that is currently in clinical development for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, i.e., circularly permuted TRAIL(CPT), was well tolerated at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg per day and showed promising preliminary activity in patients with RRMM. This phase II, open-label, multicenter study further investigated the eicacy and safety of 2.5-mg/kg per day CPT as single-agent therapy for patients with RRMM.Methods: Patients with RRMM were treated once daily with CPT(2.5 mg/kg, intravenously) for 14 consecutive days for each 21-day cycle. Clinical response and toxicity were assessed after each treatment cycle.Results: Twenty-seven patients received CPT. Using the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation criteria, we calculated the overall response rate of 33.3% with 1 near-complete response(n CR) and 8 partial responses(PRs). The clinical beneit rate(48.1%) included 1 nCR, 8 PRs, and 4 minimal responses. The most common treatmentrelated adverse events(TRAEs) were fever, aspartate aminotransferase elevation, alanine aminotransferase elevation, leucopenia, rash, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. We graded toxicity using the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events, version 3.0, and determined that 37.0% of patients had at least 1 grade 3–4 TRAE.Conclusions: CPT as a single agent can elicit a response in patients with RRMM and is well tolerated. Further clinical investigation is warranted.展开更多
The research in circularly polarized luminescence has attracted wide interest in recent years.Efforts on one side are directed toward the development of chiral materials with both high luminescence efficiency and diss...The research in circularly polarized luminescence has attracted wide interest in recent years.Efforts on one side are directed toward the development of chiral materials with both high luminescence efficiency and dissymmetry factors,and on the other side,are focused on the exploitations of these materials in optoelectronic applications.This review summarizes the recent frontiers(mostly within five years)in the research in circularly polarized luminescence,including the development of chiral emissive materials based on organic small molecules,compounds with aggregation-induced emissions,supramolecular assemblies,liquid crystals and liquids,polymers,metal-ligand coordination complexes and assemblies,metal clusters,inorganic nanomaterials,and photon upconversion systems.In addition,recent applications of related materials in organic light-emitting devices,circularly polarized light detectors,and organic lasers and displays are also discussed.展开更多
While enol-keto tautomerism has attracted great interest in Schiff bases and related compounds in solution and crystal states,the self-assembly of energy-unfavored keto form were scarcely investigated.Here,we report a...While enol-keto tautomerism has attracted great interest in Schiff bases and related compounds in solution and crystal states,the self-assembly of energy-unfavored keto form were scarcely investigated.Here,we report a keto-form directed self-assembly of a naphthalene-attached enantiomeric N-salicylideneanil analog L/DGG-Nap accompanied with a significantly amplified circularly polarized luminescence(CPL).It was found that LGG-Nap exists as a mixture of enol and keto form in monomer at a diluted toluene solution.The increment of the concentrations leads to the formation of predominated keto form,which subsequently triggers the self-assembly.Cryo-transmission electron microscopy(Cryo-TEM)revealed that a hierarchical assembly process happened upon increasing the concentration of LGG-Nap in toluene.Individual nanofibers formed at 1×10-4 mol/L and transferred into helical nanofiber bundles in 5×10-3 mol/L.Interestingly,while these is nearly no circular dichroism(CD)or CPL in the monomeric solution,the assembly showed strong CD and CPL.Remarkably,the dissymmetry factor(glum)was significantly amplified from zero in solution through the 0.005 in individual nanofiber to 0.1 in nanofiber bundles.This work demonstrates that the enol-keto tautomerism can be broken and trigger the self-assembly upon increasing the concentration,which can subsequently direct the chiral self-assembly and significantly amplify the dissymmetry factor of assembled CPL materials.展开更多
Chiral B,N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) and small full-width at halfmaxima(FWHM) are promising multiple resonance(MR) emitters for CP organic light-emitting diodes...Chiral B,N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) and small full-width at halfmaxima(FWHM) are promising multiple resonance(MR) emitters for CP organic light-emitting diodes(CP-OLEDs).This work presents a pair of chiral MR enantiomers,P/M-o[B-N]_(2)N_(2),featuring B–N bonds incorporated within a[7]-helicene skeleton.These enantiomers exhibit narrow 0-0 and 0-1 electronic transition bands,whose relative intensity can be fine-tuned by increasing doping concentrations,resulting in redshifts of the emission peak from 542 to 592 nm.The enantiomers show mirrorsymmetric CPL spectra with an asymmetry factor(|g_(PL)|) of 1.0×10^(-3).The hyperfluorescent CP-OLEDs with double-sensitized emitting layers display a FWHM of 33 nm,an external quantum efficiency of 25.1%,and a|g_(EL)|factor of 7.7×10^(-4).Notably,the CP-OLEDs realize color-tunable CP electroluminescence peak from 553 to 613 nm by regulating the vibrational coupling.This work provides a novel concept for the design of helical CP-MR materials and CP-OLEDs,highlighting their potential for future applications in advanced optoelectronic devices.展开更多
Chiral metal nanoclusters(MNCs)are competitive candidates for fabricating circularly polarized light-emitting diodes(CPLEDs),but the device performance is greatly limited by the poor emission of MNCs in solid thin fil...Chiral metal nanoclusters(MNCs)are competitive candidates for fabricating circularly polarized light-emitting diodes(CPLEDs),but the device performance is greatly limited by the poor emission of MNCs in solid thin films.Herein,host molecule enhanced aggregation induced emission(AIE)of MNCs is demonstrated for fabricating highly efficient CPLEDs.Namely,on the basis of the AIE effect of atomically precise enantiomeric(R/S)-4-phenylthiazolidine-2-thione capped silver(R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6))NCs in solid thin films,1,3-bis(carbazol-9-yl)benzene(mCP)is introduced as a host molecule to control the orientation and packing arrangements of R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NCs throughπ–πinteractions with the R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NCs and further enhance the AIE.The as-fabricated Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NC/mCP hybrid solid thin film shows a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 71.0%close to that of Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NC single crystal.As the hybrid films are employed as the active emission layers of CPLEDs,mCP also suppresses the triplettriplet annihilation and balances the charge transport.Thus,the CPLEDs exhibit a maximum brightness of 3,906 cd/m^(2),peak external quantum efficiency of 10.0%,electroluminescence dissymmetry factors of−5.3×10^(−3)and 4.7×10^(−3).展开更多
Chiral inorganic semiconductors with high dissymmetric factor are highly desirable,but it is generally difficult to induce chiral structure in inorganic semiconductors because of their structure rigidity and symmetry....Chiral inorganic semiconductors with high dissymmetric factor are highly desirable,but it is generally difficult to induce chiral structure in inorganic semiconductors because of their structure rigidity and symmetry.In this study,we introduced chiral ZnO film as hard template to transfer chirality to CsPbBr_(3) film and PbS quantum dots(QDs)for circularly polarized light(CPL)emission and detection,respectively.The prepared CsPbBr_(3)/ZnO thin film exhibited CPL emission at 520 nm and the PbS QDs/ZnO film realized CPL detection at 780 nm,featuring high dissymmetric factor up to around 0.4.The electron transition based mechanism is responsible for chirality transfer.展开更多
Circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)materials have received widespread attention due to their remarkable performance and broad applications.However,current CPL material research primarily focuses on tunable color,in...Circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)materials have received widespread attention due to their remarkable performance and broad applications.However,current CPL material research primarily focuses on tunable color,intensity,and reversibility.Constructing CPL with adjustable lifetime remains a significant challenge.Herein,a series of CPL polymeric materials with tunable lifetime were obtained by employing phosphorescent terephthalic acid and chiral organic small molecule R/S-BNAF(a luminescent binaphthol derivative)to copolymerize with acrylamide in different ratios.It was verified that this performance results from the different energy transfer efficiency between luminophores with varying ratios of the monomers for copolymerization.This strategy to realize CPL with tunable lifetime by modulating the energy transfer efficiency will provide a new perspective to broaden the applications of CPL materials.展开更多
This study optimized the TADF feature of axial chiral enantiomers through precise donor engineering,and multicolor CP-TADFwas achieved in the axial chiral framework.Three pairs of axial enantiomers with donor-regulate...This study optimized the TADF feature of axial chiral enantiomers through precise donor engineering,and multicolor CP-TADFwas achieved in the axial chiral framework.Three pairs of axial enantiomers with donor-regulated TADF feature,namely(R/S)-TPCBD,(R/S)-DPCBD,and(R/S)-DPACBD,were synthesized by introducing carbazole donors with different substituents onto biphenyl cyanide acceptors.As the electron-donating ability of donors increases,the emission of these axial enantiomers ranges from 455,476 to 552 nm,their singlet-triplet energy gaps(ΔE_(ST))gradually decrease from 0.30,0.22 to 0.02 e V,accompanied by an increasement in the transition rate(k_(RISC))of RISC process,and the k_(RISC)of DPACBD could reach up to 7.16×10^(5)s^(-1).These axial enantiomers also exhibit mirror-image CD and circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)properties.Moreover,OLEDs based on TPCBD,DPCBD,and DPACBD as emitter were then fabricated,which displayed blue,green,and orange electroluminescence with EQE_(max)of 13.0%,16.4%,and 25.0%,respectively.The results also exhibited a phenomenon of device efficiency increasing with the enhancement of donor abilities.Notably,the CP-OLEDs using(R/S)-TPCBD,(R/S)-DPCBD and(R/S)-DPACBD as emitters displayed intense CPEL signals with g_(EL)values of 3.4×10^(-3)/-4.1×10^(-3),3.2×10^(-3)/-3.1×10^(-3)and2.3×10^(-3)/-2.1×10^(-3),respectively.By convenient molecular engineering of donor regulation in the same molecular skeleton,CP-TADF materials with multicolor CPEL and improved device performance could be conveniently achieved.展开更多
Chiral supramolecular assembly of π-conjugated luminophores provides a promising avenue for enhancing circularly polarized luminescence.In this study,we shed light on the impact of π-conjugation length on circularly...Chiral supramolecular assembly of π-conjugated luminophores provides a promising avenue for enhancing circularly polarized luminescence.In this study,we shed light on the impact of π-conjugation length on circularly polarized luminescent performance of the resulting supramolecular assemblies,by designing a tetra-cyanostilbene monomeric compound alongside two dicyanostilbene control compounds.These cyanostilbene-based compounds possess the ability to form chiral supramolecular polymers in toluene,driven by a synergistic combination of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π-stacking interactions.The extended π π-aromatic skeleton brings bathochromic-shifted fluorescence and enhanced intermolecular stacking capability for the tetra-cyanostilbene compound.Consequently,chiral supramolecular assemblies formed by the tetra-cyanostilbene compound demonstrate a remarkable two-fold increase in g_(lum) values relative to the assemblies formed by the dicyanostilbene compounds.Overall,this study provides valuable insights into the relationship between-conjugation length and the circularly polarized luminescent performance of π-conjugatedsupramolecularassemblies.展开更多
Macroscopic chiral spherulites prepared by hierarchical self-assembly have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent property as chiroptical materials.However,preparing controllable chiral spherulites in...Macroscopic chiral spherulites prepared by hierarchical self-assembly have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent property as chiroptical materials.However,preparing controllable chiral spherulites in bulk film remains a challenge due to the absent knowledge of the evolution mechanism from the molecule to macroscopic crystal during chiral assembly.In this contribution,chiral macroscopic spherulites were constructed with controllable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)using enantiomeric tartaric acid and rhodamine B co-assembled with liquid crystal block copolymers,poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)bearing azobenzene group side chains.It was found that the chiral liquid crystal field induced by exogenous chiral molecules was closely related to the formation of macroscopic chiral spherulites.Moreover,the transformation of azobenzene cis-trans isomerization under photo-thermal endows films with adjustable CPL.This facile strategy provides a platform to design large-scale chiral structures for chiroptical switching,encryption,and memory storage materials.展开更多
Perovskites nanocrystals(NCs)with circularly polarized light(CPL)activity have drawn much attention due to the fascinating photoelectric properties of perovskite NCs as well as the abundant applications of CPL in thre...Perovskites nanocrystals(NCs)with circularly polarized light(CPL)activity have drawn much attention due to the fascinating photoelectric properties of perovskite NCs as well as the abundant applications of CPL in three-dimensional(3D)displays,nonlinear optics,spintronics devices,CPL lasers,and so on.Herein,bio-inspired by life,we designed and synthesized a simple amphiphilic molecule which could self-assemble into chiral gel with helix chirality in non-polar solvents.Through co-assembly of the CsPbX3 NCs with the chiral gel,CPL at the first excitation band of CsPbX3 NCs is induced in the whole visible spectrum with a maximum glum of 8.2×10−3.The induced CPL arises from the selective CPL-absorption of the CsPbX3 NCs’luminesce by the chiral gel,which provides a facile and practical approach to induce CPL in perovskite NCs and other nanocrystals.展开更多
In this paper,a new compact ultrawideband(UWB)circularly polarized(CP)antenna array for vehicular communications is proposed.The antenna array consists of a 2×2 sequentially rotated T-shaped cross dipole,four par...In this paper,a new compact ultrawideband(UWB)circularly polarized(CP)antenna array for vehicular communications is proposed.The antenna array consists of a 2×2 sequentially rotated T-shaped cross dipole,four parasitic elements,and a feeding network.By loading the T-shaped cross dipoles with parasitic rectangular elements with cut corners,the bandwidth can be expanded.On this basis,the radiation pattern can be improved by the topology with sequential rotation of four T-shaped cross-dipole antennas,and the axial ratio(AR)bandwidth of the antenna also can be further enhanced.In addition,due to the special topology that the vertical arms of all Tshaped cross dipoles are all oriented toward the center of the antenna array,the gain of proposed antenna is improved while the size of the antenna is almost the same as the traditional cross dipole.Simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has good CP characteristics,an impedance bandwidth for S11<-10 d B of about 106.1%(3.26:1,1.57-5.12 GHz)and the 3-d B AR bandwidth of about 104.1%(3.17:1,1.57-4.98 GHz),a wide 3-d B gain bandwidth of 73.3%as well as the peak gain of 8.6 d Bic at 3.5 GHz.The overall size of antenna is 0.56λ×0.56λ×0.12λ(λrefers to the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency in free space).The good performance of this compact UWB CP antenna array is promising for applications in vehicular communications.展开更多
This paper presents a systematic investigation and demonstration of a K-band circularly polarized liquidcrystal-based phased array(LCPA),including the design,over-the-air(OTA)in-array calibration,and experimental vali...This paper presents a systematic investigation and demonstration of a K-band circularly polarized liquidcrystal-based phased array(LCPA),including the design,over-the-air(OTA)in-array calibration,and experimental validation.The LCPA contains 16 phase-shifting radiating channels,each consisting of a circularly polarized stacked patch antenna and a liquid-crystal-based phase shifter(LCPS)based on a loaded differential line structure.Thanks to its slow-wave properties,the LCPS exhibits a maximum phase-shifting range of more than 360°with a figure of merit of 78.3(°)·dB^(-1)based on a liquid crystal layer with a thickness of only 5μm.Furthermore,an automatic OTA calibration based on a state ergodic method is proposed,which enables the extraction of the phase-voltage curve of every individual LCPA channel.The proposed LCPA is manufactured and characterized with a total profile of only 1.76 mm,experimentally demonstrating a scanned circularly polarized beam from-40°to+40°with a measured peak gain of 12.5 dBic and a scanning loss of less than 2.5 dB.The bandwidth of the LCPA,which satisfies the require-ments of port reflection(|S_(11)|)<-15 dB,an axial ratio(AR)<3 dB,beam squinting<3°,and a gain variation<2.2 dB,spans from 25.5 to 26.0 GHz.The total efficiency is about 34%,which represents a new state of the art.The use of the demonstrated low-profile LCPA to support circularly polarized scanning beams,along with the systematic design and calibration methodology,holds potential promise for a variety of millimeter-wave applications.展开更多
Multidimensional mechanical flexible organic crystals with tunable optoelectronic properties hold significant promise for practical application in complicated environmental conditions.Herein,based on a newly designed...Multidimensional mechanical flexible organic crystals with tunable optoelectronic properties hold significant promise for practical application in complicated environmental conditions.Herein,based on a newly designed“flexible”Schiff base small molecule with chirality,we presented a compatibly bendable and twistable organic single crystal with circularly polarized luminescence for the first time.First,the twodimensional elastic bending of the chiral crystal was realized at both room and liquid nitrogen temperatures,along with recoverable plastic twisting at room temperature.Besides,circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence spectroscopy were employed to characterize the chiral enantiomer in solution and the solid state.Our design strategy provides a new perspective for the future construction of chiroptical flexible crystal materials.展开更多
The development of circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)materials with high performance is signifi-cantly important.Herein,we develop a facial strategy for fabricating a CPL-active system by employing an achiral lumi...The development of circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)materials with high performance is signifi-cantly important.Herein,we develop a facial strategy for fabricating a CPL-active system by employing an achiral luminescent metal-organic cage(MOC)and chiral boron dipyrromethene(BODIPY)molecules.CPL is achieved by taking advantage of the radiative energy transfer process,in which BODIPY molecules act as energy acceptors and MOCs act as donors.The CPL performance(maximum luminescence dissymme-try factor up to±1.5×10^(−3))can be tuned by adjusting the ratio between MOCs and BODIPY.White-light emission with the CPL feature is obtained by using a ternary system including MOC,chiral BODIPY,and Rhodamine B.The present work provides a facile and universal strategy to construct a CPL-active system by integrating achiral luminophores and chiral molecules.展开更多
Recently,organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides(HMHs)have attracted extensive attention as promis-ing multifunctional materials by virtue of their structural diversity and tunable photophysical properties.However,it r...Recently,organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides(HMHs)have attracted extensive attention as promis-ing multifunctional materials by virtue of their structural diversity and tunable photophysical properties.However,it remains a challenge to design HMHs with specific functions on demand.Herein,by introduc-ing R/S-methylbenzylamine(R/S-MBA)and doping Sb^(3+),we have achieved both second harmonic gen-eration(SHG)and circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)properties in lead-free indium halides.The introduction of chiral organic cations can break the symmetry and induce the indium halides to crys-tallize in the chiral space group.The Sb^(3+)with ns2 electronic configuration can serve as the dopants to promote the formation of self-trapped excitons,so as to activate highly efficient luminescence.As a re-sult,the as-prepared Sb3+doped(R/S-MBA)3 InCl6 show not only SHG responses but also CPL signals with luminescence dissymmetry factor of−5.3×10^(−3) and 4.7×10^(−3).This work provides a new inspiration for the exploitation of chiral multifunctional materials.展开更多
Solid materials with dynamically tunable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) feature higher security levels and devicefriendly characteristics, showing great superiority in the field of information technology and a...Solid materials with dynamically tunable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) feature higher security levels and devicefriendly characteristics, showing great superiority in the field of information technology and anti-counterfeiting. To address the limited photoisomerization of fluorescent photoswitch in CPL-active solid materials, here a cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer(CLCE) containing a hydrogen-bonded(H-bonded) polymerizable fluorescent switch AHBA-PSD is prepared. Owing to the good flexibility and low glass-transition temperature of CLCE, AHBA-PSD shows a fast and fully reversible photocyclization/cycloreversion with fluorochromic behavior in CLCE. Further, by controlling the spectral overlapping area between the emission and reflection bands, the CLCE exhibits a strong CPL with a g_(lum) value of up to 0.76 accompanied by a reversible phototunable CPL signal. Meanwhile, the H-bond helps to stabilize the mechanical property, and the force-induced switching-off of CPL signal could be achieved due to the destroyed helical structures by external force. Finally, an automatically-recognized identification card with abundant chiroptical information is demonstrated.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21975119, 51773088)。
文摘Chiral thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) molecules showing circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) have great potential in 3D displays. However, the relationships among CPL property, device performance and molecule structure are still not clear. In this article, we develop a strategy to promote dissymmetry factors without sacrifice in device performance and study the impact of molecule structures towards CPL property. Three novel TADF enantiomers are synthesized and studied.(R/S)-SCN with diminutive cyano group as an acceptor shows dissymmetry factor |gPL| ≈ 1.4×10^(-3) and noticeable organic light-emitting diode(OLED) performances with a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQEmax) of 23.0%. For(R/S)-SPHCN, the prolonged electron withdrawing group benzonitrile enhances |gPL| up to 3.6×10^(-3) with decreased device EQEmaxof 15.4%. By further replacing benzonitrile with(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, the enantiomers of(R/S)-SCFPY show similar |gPL| factors of 3.5×10^(-3) and device EQE_(max)up to 23.3%, which represents the highest efficiency among sprio-type TADF materials based OLEDs. Furthermore, the OLEDs also show obvious circularly polarized electroluminescence with gELfactors of-1.4/1.8×10^(-3),-3.6/3.6×10^(-3) and-3.7/3.6×10^(-3), respectively. These results indecate by delicate functional group engineering, high g factor can be achieved while maintaining decent device performances. Besides,(R/S)-SCFPY represents an impressive TADF emitter, which shows promoted g factor and recorded high device EQE_(max)among similar molecules.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92256304,U23A20593)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(020514380294)。
文摘Chirality is an important natural characteristic of organic molecules,and chiral organic molecules have shown extensive application in areas such as pharmaceutical development and material science.Benefiting from the ability to achieve circularly polarized luminescence(CPL),chiral luminescent materials have shown potential applications in anti-glare display,optical communication and,3D display,etc.Due to the ability to harvest both singlet and triplet excitons by a fast reverse intersystem crossing process without involving noble metals,chiral thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials with point chirality,axial chirality,planar chirality and helical chirality are regarded as the state-of-the-art materials for circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes(CP-OLEDs).In recent years,the chiral TADF materials and CP-OLEDs have rapidly developed,but unfortunately,the dissymmetry factors(g)are far from the requirement of practical applications.The ideal emitters and devices should have both high efficiency and a g factor,or at least a balance between these two elements.This review gives an overview of recent progress in chiral TADF materials,with a particular focus on the chiral skeleton,CPL property and device performance.Furthermore,the molecular design concept,device structure and methods to improve the g factors of chiral materials and CP-OLEDs are also discussed.
基金supported by the Chirality Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.92256304 and 92056204).
文摘The research on circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its many potential applications.One aspect of this research involves the pursuit of chiral materials that posess both high luminescence efficiency and dissymmetry factors.The investigation of CPL behavior is of paramount importance because the structural information of chiral luminescent systems in the excited state can be uncovered.The objective of this review is to offer a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the CPL research field,with a particular focus on the development of chiral emissive materials,including organic,inorganic,and hybrid substances.Furthermore,this review outlines the recent applications of these materials in areas such as displays,photoelectric devices,anticounterfeiting measures,and sensors.Finally,we highlight the primary challenges and potential prospects of CPL materials.Our aspiration is that this endeavor will contribute new perspectives and insights that further advancements in related research fields.
文摘Background: Despite the recent development of new therapies, multiple myeloma(MM) remains an incurable disease. Thus, new, efective treatments are urgently needed, particularly for relapsed or refractory MM(RRMM). In an earlier phase I study, a novel form of recombinant human Apo2L/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL) that is currently in clinical development for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, i.e., circularly permuted TRAIL(CPT), was well tolerated at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg per day and showed promising preliminary activity in patients with RRMM. This phase II, open-label, multicenter study further investigated the eicacy and safety of 2.5-mg/kg per day CPT as single-agent therapy for patients with RRMM.Methods: Patients with RRMM were treated once daily with CPT(2.5 mg/kg, intravenously) for 14 consecutive days for each 21-day cycle. Clinical response and toxicity were assessed after each treatment cycle.Results: Twenty-seven patients received CPT. Using the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation criteria, we calculated the overall response rate of 33.3% with 1 near-complete response(n CR) and 8 partial responses(PRs). The clinical beneit rate(48.1%) included 1 nCR, 8 PRs, and 4 minimal responses. The most common treatmentrelated adverse events(TRAEs) were fever, aspartate aminotransferase elevation, alanine aminotransferase elevation, leucopenia, rash, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. We graded toxicity using the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events, version 3.0, and determined that 37.0% of patients had at least 1 grade 3–4 TRAE.Conclusions: CPT as a single agent can elicit a response in patients with RRMM and is well tolerated. Further clinical investigation is warranted.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21925112,22090021,21890734,21975118,51973011,52003022,91956119,92061201,21825106,91856115,21874058,21771114,91956130)the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(C6014-20W)the Innovation and Technology Commission(ITC-CNERC14SC01)。
文摘The research in circularly polarized luminescence has attracted wide interest in recent years.Efforts on one side are directed toward the development of chiral materials with both high luminescence efficiency and dissymmetry factors,and on the other side,are focused on the exploitations of these materials in optoelectronic applications.This review summarizes the recent frontiers(mostly within five years)in the research in circularly polarized luminescence,including the development of chiral emissive materials based on organic small molecules,compounds with aggregation-induced emissions,supramolecular assemblies,liquid crystals and liquids,polymers,metal-ligand coordination complexes and assemblies,metal clusters,inorganic nanomaterials,and photon upconversion systems.In addition,recent applications of related materials in organic light-emitting devices,circularly polarized light detectors,and organic lasers and displays are also discussed.
基金National Natural Science foundation of China(Nos.21861132002,21773043,21973020 and 21890734).
文摘While enol-keto tautomerism has attracted great interest in Schiff bases and related compounds in solution and crystal states,the self-assembly of energy-unfavored keto form were scarcely investigated.Here,we report a keto-form directed self-assembly of a naphthalene-attached enantiomeric N-salicylideneanil analog L/DGG-Nap accompanied with a significantly amplified circularly polarized luminescence(CPL).It was found that LGG-Nap exists as a mixture of enol and keto form in monomer at a diluted toluene solution.The increment of the concentrations leads to the formation of predominated keto form,which subsequently triggers the self-assembly.Cryo-transmission electron microscopy(Cryo-TEM)revealed that a hierarchical assembly process happened upon increasing the concentration of LGG-Nap in toluene.Individual nanofibers formed at 1×10-4 mol/L and transferred into helical nanofiber bundles in 5×10-3 mol/L.Interestingly,while these is nearly no circular dichroism(CD)or CPL in the monomeric solution,the assembly showed strong CD and CPL.Remarkably,the dissymmetry factor(glum)was significantly amplified from zero in solution through the 0.005 in individual nanofiber to 0.1 in nanofiber bundles.This work demonstrates that the enol-keto tautomerism can be broken and trigger the self-assembly upon increasing the concentration,which can subsequently direct the chiral self-assembly and significantly amplify the dissymmetry factor of assembled CPL materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (92256304, 21975119)the China Post-doctoral Science Foundation (2022M710020)。
文摘Chiral B,N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) and small full-width at halfmaxima(FWHM) are promising multiple resonance(MR) emitters for CP organic light-emitting diodes(CP-OLEDs).This work presents a pair of chiral MR enantiomers,P/M-o[B-N]_(2)N_(2),featuring B–N bonds incorporated within a[7]-helicene skeleton.These enantiomers exhibit narrow 0-0 and 0-1 electronic transition bands,whose relative intensity can be fine-tuned by increasing doping concentrations,resulting in redshifts of the emission peak from 542 to 592 nm.The enantiomers show mirrorsymmetric CPL spectra with an asymmetry factor(|g_(PL)|) of 1.0×10^(-3).The hyperfluorescent CP-OLEDs with double-sensitized emitting layers display a FWHM of 33 nm,an external quantum efficiency of 25.1%,and a|g_(EL)|factor of 7.7×10^(-4).Notably,the CP-OLEDs realize color-tunable CP electroluminescence peak from 553 to 613 nm by regulating the vibrational coupling.This work provides a novel concept for the design of helical CP-MR materials and CP-OLEDs,highlighting their potential for future applications in advanced optoelectronic devices.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21902057 and 21773088)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M691201)+1 种基金the Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Team Project of Jilin University(No.419021420367)the Special Project from MOST of China.
文摘Chiral metal nanoclusters(MNCs)are competitive candidates for fabricating circularly polarized light-emitting diodes(CPLEDs),but the device performance is greatly limited by the poor emission of MNCs in solid thin films.Herein,host molecule enhanced aggregation induced emission(AIE)of MNCs is demonstrated for fabricating highly efficient CPLEDs.Namely,on the basis of the AIE effect of atomically precise enantiomeric(R/S)-4-phenylthiazolidine-2-thione capped silver(R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6))NCs in solid thin films,1,3-bis(carbazol-9-yl)benzene(mCP)is introduced as a host molecule to control the orientation and packing arrangements of R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NCs throughπ–πinteractions with the R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NCs and further enhance the AIE.The as-fabricated Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NC/mCP hybrid solid thin film shows a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 71.0%close to that of Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NC single crystal.As the hybrid films are employed as the active emission layers of CPLEDs,mCP also suppresses the triplettriplet annihilation and balances the charge transport.Thus,the CPLEDs exhibit a maximum brightness of 3,906 cd/m^(2),peak external quantum efficiency of 10.0%,electroluminescence dissymmetry factors of−5.3×10^(−3)and 4.7×10^(−3).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61904065)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFB070700702)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talent(No.BX20190127)。
文摘Chiral inorganic semiconductors with high dissymmetric factor are highly desirable,but it is generally difficult to induce chiral structure in inorganic semiconductors because of their structure rigidity and symmetry.In this study,we introduced chiral ZnO film as hard template to transfer chirality to CsPbBr_(3) film and PbS quantum dots(QDs)for circularly polarized light(CPL)emission and detection,respectively.The prepared CsPbBr_(3)/ZnO thin film exhibited CPL emission at 520 nm and the PbS QDs/ZnO film realized CPL detection at 780 nm,featuring high dissymmetric factor up to around 0.4.The electron transition based mechanism is responsible for chirality transfer.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3203500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22125803,22020102006)+2 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2018SHZDZX03)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundationthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)materials have received widespread attention due to their remarkable performance and broad applications.However,current CPL material research primarily focuses on tunable color,intensity,and reversibility.Constructing CPL with adjustable lifetime remains a significant challenge.Herein,a series of CPL polymeric materials with tunable lifetime were obtained by employing phosphorescent terephthalic acid and chiral organic small molecule R/S-BNAF(a luminescent binaphthol derivative)to copolymerize with acrylamide in different ratios.It was verified that this performance results from the different energy transfer efficiency between luminophores with varying ratios of the monomers for copolymerization.This strategy to realize CPL with tunable lifetime by modulating the energy transfer efficiency will provide a new perspective to broaden the applications of CPL materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22122111,92256304)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2022YFA1204401)。
文摘This study optimized the TADF feature of axial chiral enantiomers through precise donor engineering,and multicolor CP-TADFwas achieved in the axial chiral framework.Three pairs of axial enantiomers with donor-regulated TADF feature,namely(R/S)-TPCBD,(R/S)-DPCBD,and(R/S)-DPACBD,were synthesized by introducing carbazole donors with different substituents onto biphenyl cyanide acceptors.As the electron-donating ability of donors increases,the emission of these axial enantiomers ranges from 455,476 to 552 nm,their singlet-triplet energy gaps(ΔE_(ST))gradually decrease from 0.30,0.22 to 0.02 e V,accompanied by an increasement in the transition rate(k_(RISC))of RISC process,and the k_(RISC)of DPACBD could reach up to 7.16×10^(5)s^(-1).These axial enantiomers also exhibit mirror-image CD and circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)properties.Moreover,OLEDs based on TPCBD,DPCBD,and DPACBD as emitter were then fabricated,which displayed blue,green,and orange electroluminescence with EQE_(max)of 13.0%,16.4%,and 25.0%,respectively.The results also exhibited a phenomenon of device efficiency increasing with the enhancement of donor abilities.Notably,the CP-OLEDs using(R/S)-TPCBD,(R/S)-DPCBD and(R/S)-DPACBD as emitters displayed intense CPEL signals with g_(EL)values of 3.4×10^(-3)/-4.1×10^(-3),3.2×10^(-3)/-3.1×10^(-3)and2.3×10^(-3)/-2.1×10^(-3),respectively.By convenient molecular engineering of donor regulation in the same molecular skeleton,CP-TADF materials with multicolor CPEL and improved device performance could be conveniently achieved.
基金supported by International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.123GJHZ2022064MI)the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS(No.2022HSC-CIP014)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YD2060002036)the Hospital Level Project of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital in 2020(DY2020017).
文摘Chiral supramolecular assembly of π-conjugated luminophores provides a promising avenue for enhancing circularly polarized luminescence.In this study,we shed light on the impact of π-conjugation length on circularly polarized luminescent performance of the resulting supramolecular assemblies,by designing a tetra-cyanostilbene monomeric compound alongside two dicyanostilbene control compounds.These cyanostilbene-based compounds possess the ability to form chiral supramolecular polymers in toluene,driven by a synergistic combination of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π-stacking interactions.The extended π π-aromatic skeleton brings bathochromic-shifted fluorescence and enhanced intermolecular stacking capability for the tetra-cyanostilbene compound.Consequently,chiral supramolecular assemblies formed by the tetra-cyanostilbene compound demonstrate a remarkable two-fold increase in g_(lum) values relative to the assemblies formed by the dicyanostilbene compounds.Overall,this study provides valuable insights into the relationship between-conjugation length and the circularly polarized luminescent performance of π-conjugatedsupramolecularassemblies.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21574081,21975156,52233016。
文摘Macroscopic chiral spherulites prepared by hierarchical self-assembly have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent property as chiroptical materials.However,preparing controllable chiral spherulites in bulk film remains a challenge due to the absent knowledge of the evolution mechanism from the molecule to macroscopic crystal during chiral assembly.In this contribution,chiral macroscopic spherulites were constructed with controllable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)using enantiomeric tartaric acid and rhodamine B co-assembled with liquid crystal block copolymers,poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)bearing azobenzene group side chains.It was found that the chiral liquid crystal field induced by exogenous chiral molecules was closely related to the formation of macroscopic chiral spherulites.Moreover,the transformation of azobenzene cis-trans isomerization under photo-thermal endows films with adjustable CPL.This facile strategy provides a platform to design large-scale chiral structures for chiroptical switching,encryption,and memory storage materials.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21976131 and 21922409).
文摘Perovskites nanocrystals(NCs)with circularly polarized light(CPL)activity have drawn much attention due to the fascinating photoelectric properties of perovskite NCs as well as the abundant applications of CPL in three-dimensional(3D)displays,nonlinear optics,spintronics devices,CPL lasers,and so on.Herein,bio-inspired by life,we designed and synthesized a simple amphiphilic molecule which could self-assemble into chiral gel with helix chirality in non-polar solvents.Through co-assembly of the CsPbX3 NCs with the chiral gel,CPL at the first excitation band of CsPbX3 NCs is induced in the whole visible spectrum with a maximum glum of 8.2×10−3.The induced CPL arises from the selective CPL-absorption of the CsPbX3 NCs’luminesce by the chiral gel,which provides a facile and practical approach to induce CPL in perovskite NCs and other nanocrystals.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant No.62071306in part by Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under Grants JCYJ202001091-13601723,JSGG20210802154203011 and JSGG-20210420091805014。
文摘In this paper,a new compact ultrawideband(UWB)circularly polarized(CP)antenna array for vehicular communications is proposed.The antenna array consists of a 2×2 sequentially rotated T-shaped cross dipole,four parasitic elements,and a feeding network.By loading the T-shaped cross dipoles with parasitic rectangular elements with cut corners,the bandwidth can be expanded.On this basis,the radiation pattern can be improved by the topology with sequential rotation of four T-shaped cross-dipole antennas,and the axial ratio(AR)bandwidth of the antenna also can be further enhanced.In addition,due to the special topology that the vertical arms of all Tshaped cross dipoles are all oriented toward the center of the antenna array,the gain of proposed antenna is improved while the size of the antenna is almost the same as the traditional cross dipole.Simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has good CP characteristics,an impedance bandwidth for S11<-10 d B of about 106.1%(3.26:1,1.57-5.12 GHz)and the 3-d B AR bandwidth of about 104.1%(3.17:1,1.57-4.98 GHz),a wide 3-d B gain bandwidth of 73.3%as well as the peak gain of 8.6 d Bic at 3.5 GHz.The overall size of antenna is 0.56λ×0.56λ×0.12λ(λrefers to the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency in free space).The good performance of this compact UWB CP antenna array is promising for applications in vehicular communications.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC62122019 and 62293492)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB2204704)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Zhishan Scholar Program of Southeast University(2242022R40038).
文摘This paper presents a systematic investigation and demonstration of a K-band circularly polarized liquidcrystal-based phased array(LCPA),including the design,over-the-air(OTA)in-array calibration,and experimental validation.The LCPA contains 16 phase-shifting radiating channels,each consisting of a circularly polarized stacked patch antenna and a liquid-crystal-based phase shifter(LCPS)based on a loaded differential line structure.Thanks to its slow-wave properties,the LCPS exhibits a maximum phase-shifting range of more than 360°with a figure of merit of 78.3(°)·dB^(-1)based on a liquid crystal layer with a thickness of only 5μm.Furthermore,an automatic OTA calibration based on a state ergodic method is proposed,which enables the extraction of the phase-voltage curve of every individual LCPA channel.The proposed LCPA is manufactured and characterized with a total profile of only 1.76 mm,experimentally demonstrating a scanned circularly polarized beam from-40°to+40°with a measured peak gain of 12.5 dBic and a scanning loss of less than 2.5 dB.The bandwidth of the LCPA,which satisfies the require-ments of port reflection(|S_(11)|)<-15 dB,an axial ratio(AR)<3 dB,beam squinting<3°,and a gain variation<2.2 dB,spans from 25.5 to 26.0 GHz.The total efficiency is about 34%,which represents a new state of the art.The use of the demonstrated low-profile LCPA to support circularly polarized scanning beams,along with the systematic design and calibration methodology,holds potential promise for a variety of millimeter-wave applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.22178254)the Key R&D Program of Hebei Province,China(grant no.21282602Z)the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation,China(grant no.21JCZJC00400).
文摘Multidimensional mechanical flexible organic crystals with tunable optoelectronic properties hold significant promise for practical application in complicated environmental conditions.Herein,based on a newly designed“flexible”Schiff base small molecule with chirality,we presented a compatibly bendable and twistable organic single crystal with circularly polarized luminescence for the first time.First,the twodimensional elastic bending of the chiral crystal was realized at both room and liquid nitrogen temperatures,along with recoverable plastic twisting at room temperature.Besides,circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence spectroscopy were employed to characterize the chiral enantiomer in solution and the solid state.Our design strategy provides a new perspective for the future construction of chiroptical flexible crystal materials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22171106,21731002,21975104,21871172,and 22201101)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Research (No.2019B030302009)+4 种基金Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (No.2022A1515011937)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (No.202002030411)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2022M711327)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No.2022A1515110523)Jinan University
文摘The development of circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)materials with high performance is signifi-cantly important.Herein,we develop a facial strategy for fabricating a CPL-active system by employing an achiral luminescent metal-organic cage(MOC)and chiral boron dipyrromethene(BODIPY)molecules.CPL is achieved by taking advantage of the radiative energy transfer process,in which BODIPY molecules act as energy acceptors and MOCs act as donors.The CPL performance(maximum luminescence dissymme-try factor up to±1.5×10^(−3))can be tuned by adjusting the ratio between MOCs and BODIPY.White-light emission with the CPL feature is obtained by using a ternary system including MOC,chiral BODIPY,and Rhodamine B.The present work provides a facile and universal strategy to construct a CPL-active system by integrating achiral luminophores and chiral molecules.
基金supported by the National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(No.61825503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62288102,62375142,22161160318).
文摘Recently,organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides(HMHs)have attracted extensive attention as promis-ing multifunctional materials by virtue of their structural diversity and tunable photophysical properties.However,it remains a challenge to design HMHs with specific functions on demand.Herein,by introduc-ing R/S-methylbenzylamine(R/S-MBA)and doping Sb^(3+),we have achieved both second harmonic gen-eration(SHG)and circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)properties in lead-free indium halides.The introduction of chiral organic cations can break the symmetry and induce the indium halides to crys-tallize in the chiral space group.The Sb^(3+)with ns2 electronic configuration can serve as the dopants to promote the formation of self-trapped excitons,so as to activate highly efficient luminescence.As a re-sult,the as-prepared Sb3+doped(R/S-MBA)3 InCl6 show not only SHG responses but also CPL signals with luminescence dissymmetry factor of−5.3×10^(−3) and 4.7×10^(−3).This work provides a new inspiration for the exploitation of chiral multifunctional materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52073017, 51773009)the High Performance Computing Platform of Beijing University of Chemical Technology。
文摘Solid materials with dynamically tunable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) feature higher security levels and devicefriendly characteristics, showing great superiority in the field of information technology and anti-counterfeiting. To address the limited photoisomerization of fluorescent photoswitch in CPL-active solid materials, here a cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer(CLCE) containing a hydrogen-bonded(H-bonded) polymerizable fluorescent switch AHBA-PSD is prepared. Owing to the good flexibility and low glass-transition temperature of CLCE, AHBA-PSD shows a fast and fully reversible photocyclization/cycloreversion with fluorochromic behavior in CLCE. Further, by controlling the spectral overlapping area between the emission and reflection bands, the CLCE exhibits a strong CPL with a g_(lum) value of up to 0.76 accompanied by a reversible phototunable CPL signal. Meanwhile, the H-bond helps to stabilize the mechanical property, and the force-induced switching-off of CPL signal could be achieved due to the destroyed helical structures by external force. Finally, an automatically-recognized identification card with abundant chiroptical information is demonstrated.
