Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antenn...Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antennae of Helicoverpa armigera. When mixed with sex pheromone (Ph), some volatiles, e.g. phenyl acetaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, methylsalicylate, linalool, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenylacetate, (Z)-6-nonenol, cineole, (E)-2-hexenal, and geraniol elicited stronger responses from male antennae than Ph alone. Wind tunnel bioassay demonstrated that various volatiles could either enhance or inhibit the effect of synthetic sex pheromone. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol and linalool in combination with Ph could not induce any male to land on source at all, whereas phenyl acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, (Z)-6-nonenol and salicylaldehyde combined with Ph enhanced male response rates by 58.63%, 50.33%, 51.85% and 127.78%, respectively, compared to Ph alone. These results suggested that some volatiles shouldmodify sex pheromone caused behavior and that some of them could possibly be used as a tool for disrupting mating or for enhancing the effect of synthetic sex pheromone in the field.展开更多
The volatiles, absorbed by Porapak Q and eluted by hexane, from Chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris chinesis (L.) Makino. van communis Tsen et Lee, have been identified as allyl isothiocyanate, Z-3-hexenyl acetate, 3...The volatiles, absorbed by Porapak Q and eluted by hexane, from Chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris chinesis (L.) Makino. van communis Tsen et Lee, have been identified as allyl isothiocyanate, Z-3-hexenyl acetate, 3,7-dimethyl-l,3,6-octatriene, 2,5-hexanediol, Z-3-hexen-l-ol, nonanol, β-myrcene, α-pinene, E-2-hexen-l-ol, D-limonene, Z-3-hexenyl propanoate, linalool, geraniol, E-4-hexen-l-ol, Z-3-hexenyl isovalerate, α-terpinene, β-caryophyllene, 3-carene and α-caryophyllene, by their mass spectra and retention times in comparison with authentic samples. The first five chemicals are the main components. All components can elicite electroantennogram (EAG) responses of dia-mondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, in which allyl isothiocyanate and C6 alcohols and esters, i.e. Z-3-hexen-l-ol, E-2-hexen-l-ol, E-4-hexen-l-ol, Z-3-hexenyl isovalerate and 2,5-hexanediol elicite stronger EAG responses than other components, and EAG responses of female moths to them are slightly larger than those of male展开更多
The application of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has a history of more than 2000 years,which have the characteristics of multi-component,multi-target,and high safety.Post-infectious cough(PIC)is a respiratory dis...The application of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has a history of more than 2000 years,which have the characteristics of multi-component,multi-target,and high safety.Post-infectious cough(PIC)is a respiratory disease with high incidence.It belongs to subacute cough and accounts for as much as40%–50%.Cough is the main clinical manifestation of PIC.PIC seriously affects people’s life quality because of complex etiology,long-term course of disease,treatment difficulties and other characteristics.Western medicines are based on the principle of symptomatic treatment,so they are often difficult to control PIC fundamentally.These factors could due to that PIC is prolonged and unable to heal repeatedly.TCMs have obvious advantages in treating PIC,with accurate curative effects,less side effects and adverse reactions and are effective in improving PIC-related symptoms and indicators,enhancing patients’life quality and reducing pain.TCMs,guided by holistic concept and syndrome differentiation,advocate determine treatment on the basis of pattern types,and have remarkable clinical treatment effects.As for TCMs etiology,pathogenesis and syndrome types of PIC,TCM scholars have not yet reached a unified standard.However,most of them think that wind pathogen can cause PIC alone,or it can be combined with other evils,which might be the main mechanism of PIC.This paper discusses the advantages and limitations of TCMs in PIC treatment from etiology,pathogenesis,distribution of syndrome types and treatment of TCMs.This article focuses on the treatment methods and pharmacodynamic material basis of wind pathogen,providing ideas in treating PIC of TCMs clinically and innovative drug development.展开更多
Director Zhang Hongxing is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)doctor in Shandong province and a teacher in the Famous TCM Expert Studio in Dezhou city.He has rich clinical experience and considerable experience...Director Zhang Hongxing is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)doctor in Shandong province and a teacher in the Famous TCM Expert Studio in Dezhou city.He has rich clinical experience and considerable experience in the treatment of common clinical chronic coughs.Director Zhang Hongxing believes that chronic cough belongs to the category of"wind cough"and"long-term cough"according to TCM.TCM diagnosis should start from the four aspects of "wind evil residing in lung","liver"?"spleen and stomach",and"yang deficiency".Starting from viewing the human body as an organic whole,distinguish between deficiency or excess in cold and heat,and clinical treatment for cough should focus on dispelling"wind",regulating the functions of liver,spleen,and stomach,and supplementing the body's yang.Formulate treatment based on different categorization,and modify prescription according to the symptoms,and the treatment effects are remarkable.展开更多
文摘Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antennae of Helicoverpa armigera. When mixed with sex pheromone (Ph), some volatiles, e.g. phenyl acetaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, methylsalicylate, linalool, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenylacetate, (Z)-6-nonenol, cineole, (E)-2-hexenal, and geraniol elicited stronger responses from male antennae than Ph alone. Wind tunnel bioassay demonstrated that various volatiles could either enhance or inhibit the effect of synthetic sex pheromone. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol and linalool in combination with Ph could not induce any male to land on source at all, whereas phenyl acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, (Z)-6-nonenol and salicylaldehyde combined with Ph enhanced male response rates by 58.63%, 50.33%, 51.85% and 127.78%, respectively, compared to Ph alone. These results suggested that some volatiles shouldmodify sex pheromone caused behavior and that some of them could possibly be used as a tool for disrupting mating or for enhancing the effect of synthetic sex pheromone in the field.
基金This work was supported by the Post Doctor Science Foundation of China (Grant No. [2000]31) the National Key Basic Research and Development Program (Grant No. G20000162).
文摘The volatiles, absorbed by Porapak Q and eluted by hexane, from Chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris chinesis (L.) Makino. van communis Tsen et Lee, have been identified as allyl isothiocyanate, Z-3-hexenyl acetate, 3,7-dimethyl-l,3,6-octatriene, 2,5-hexanediol, Z-3-hexen-l-ol, nonanol, β-myrcene, α-pinene, E-2-hexen-l-ol, D-limonene, Z-3-hexenyl propanoate, linalool, geraniol, E-4-hexen-l-ol, Z-3-hexenyl isovalerate, α-terpinene, β-caryophyllene, 3-carene and α-caryophyllene, by their mass spectra and retention times in comparison with authentic samples. The first five chemicals are the main components. All components can elicite electroantennogram (EAG) responses of dia-mondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, in which allyl isothiocyanate and C6 alcohols and esters, i.e. Z-3-hexen-l-ol, E-2-hexen-l-ol, E-4-hexen-l-ol, Z-3-hexenyl isovalerate and 2,5-hexanediol elicite stronger EAG responses than other components, and EAG responses of female moths to them are slightly larger than those of male
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U1903122,81872768,82003630)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1807118)+4 种基金Liaoning BaiQianWanShenyang Young Scientific and Technological Innovators Program(RC200408)Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Liaoning Province(2020-BS-129)Postdoctoral Scienceof China(2020M671384)Special Fund of Research Institute of Drug Regulatory Science Research Shenyang Pharmaceutical University(2021jgkx010)。
文摘The application of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has a history of more than 2000 years,which have the characteristics of multi-component,multi-target,and high safety.Post-infectious cough(PIC)is a respiratory disease with high incidence.It belongs to subacute cough and accounts for as much as40%–50%.Cough is the main clinical manifestation of PIC.PIC seriously affects people’s life quality because of complex etiology,long-term course of disease,treatment difficulties and other characteristics.Western medicines are based on the principle of symptomatic treatment,so they are often difficult to control PIC fundamentally.These factors could due to that PIC is prolonged and unable to heal repeatedly.TCMs have obvious advantages in treating PIC,with accurate curative effects,less side effects and adverse reactions and are effective in improving PIC-related symptoms and indicators,enhancing patients’life quality and reducing pain.TCMs,guided by holistic concept and syndrome differentiation,advocate determine treatment on the basis of pattern types,and have remarkable clinical treatment effects.As for TCMs etiology,pathogenesis and syndrome types of PIC,TCM scholars have not yet reached a unified standard.However,most of them think that wind pathogen can cause PIC alone,or it can be combined with other evils,which might be the main mechanism of PIC.This paper discusses the advantages and limitations of TCMs in PIC treatment from etiology,pathogenesis,distribution of syndrome types and treatment of TCMs.This article focuses on the treatment methods and pharmacodynamic material basis of wind pathogen,providing ideas in treating PIC of TCMs clinically and innovative drug development.
文摘Director Zhang Hongxing is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)doctor in Shandong province and a teacher in the Famous TCM Expert Studio in Dezhou city.He has rich clinical experience and considerable experience in the treatment of common clinical chronic coughs.Director Zhang Hongxing believes that chronic cough belongs to the category of"wind cough"and"long-term cough"according to TCM.TCM diagnosis should start from the four aspects of "wind evil residing in lung","liver"?"spleen and stomach",and"yang deficiency".Starting from viewing the human body as an organic whole,distinguish between deficiency or excess in cold and heat,and clinical treatment for cough should focus on dispelling"wind",regulating the functions of liver,spleen,and stomach,and supplementing the body's yang.Formulate treatment based on different categorization,and modify prescription according to the symptoms,and the treatment effects are remarkable.
