Objective To evaluate the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line as an in vitro model of dopaminergic （DAergic） neurons for Parkinson＇s disease （PD） research and to determine the effect of differentiation on this ...Objective To evaluate the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line as an in vitro model of dopaminergic （DAergic） neurons for Parkinson＇s disease （PD） research and to determine the effect of differentiation on this cell model. Date sources The data of this review were selected from the original reports and reviews related to SH-SY5Y cells published in Chinese and foreign journals （Pubmed 1973 to 2009）. Study selection After searching the literature, 60 articles were selected to address this review. Results The SH-SY5Y cell line has become a popular cell model for PD research because this cell line posses many characteristics of DAergic neurons. For example, these cells express tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-13-hydroxylase, as well as the dopamine transporter. Moreover, this cell line can be differentiated into a functionally mature neuronal phenotype in the presence of various agents. Upon differentiation, SH-SY5Y cells stop proliferating and a constant cell number is subsequently maintained. However, different differentiating agents induce different neuronal phenotypes and biochemical changes. For example, retinoic acid induces differentiation toward a cholinergic neuronal phenotype and increases the susceptibility of SH-SY5Y cells to neurotoxins and neuroprotective agents, whereas treatment with retinoic acid followed by phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate results in a DAergic neuronal phenotype and decreases the susceptibility of cells to neurotoxins and neuroprotective agents. Some differentiating agents also alter kinetics of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium （MPP~） uptake, making SH-SY5Y cells more similar to primary mesencephalic neurons. Conclusions Differentiated and undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells have been widely used as a cell model of DAergic neurons for PD research. Some differentiating agents afford SH-SY5Y cells with more potential for studying neurotoxiclty and neuroprotection and are thus more relevant to experimental PD research.展开更多
中药注射剂(traditional chinese medicine injections,TCMIs)临床疗效确切,但其类过敏反应频发,日益增多的不良反应事件已成为当前中药安全性研究的热点和难点。类过敏反应的发生机制尚未完全明确,其常规评价标准及风险防控措施还存在...中药注射剂(traditional chinese medicine injections,TCMIs)临床疗效确切,但其类过敏反应频发,日益增多的不良反应事件已成为当前中药安全性研究的热点和难点。类过敏反应的发生机制尚未完全明确,其常规评价标准及风险防控措施还存在一定局限性,亟需建立一套能广泛筛查TCMIs类致敏原、明确类致敏发生机制的TCMIs安全性评价方法。本文对近年来有关TCMIs类过敏反应的机制、物质基础以及评价方法的研究进行综述,旨在深入挖掘TCMIs类过敏反应的综合信息,以期为建立TCMIs类过敏反应评价与风险防控新方法、减少TCMIs临床不良反应的发生提供新的思路。展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line as an in vitro model of dopaminergic （DAergic） neurons for Parkinson＇s disease （PD） research and to determine the effect of differentiation on this cell model. Date sources The data of this review were selected from the original reports and reviews related to SH-SY5Y cells published in Chinese and foreign journals （Pubmed 1973 to 2009）. Study selection After searching the literature, 60 articles were selected to address this review. Results The SH-SY5Y cell line has become a popular cell model for PD research because this cell line posses many characteristics of DAergic neurons. For example, these cells express tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-13-hydroxylase, as well as the dopamine transporter. Moreover, this cell line can be differentiated into a functionally mature neuronal phenotype in the presence of various agents. Upon differentiation, SH-SY5Y cells stop proliferating and a constant cell number is subsequently maintained. However, different differentiating agents induce different neuronal phenotypes and biochemical changes. For example, retinoic acid induces differentiation toward a cholinergic neuronal phenotype and increases the susceptibility of SH-SY5Y cells to neurotoxins and neuroprotective agents, whereas treatment with retinoic acid followed by phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate results in a DAergic neuronal phenotype and decreases the susceptibility of cells to neurotoxins and neuroprotective agents. Some differentiating agents also alter kinetics of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium （MPP~） uptake, making SH-SY5Y cells more similar to primary mesencephalic neurons. Conclusions Differentiated and undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells have been widely used as a cell model of DAergic neurons for PD research. Some differentiating agents afford SH-SY5Y cells with more potential for studying neurotoxiclty and neuroprotection and are thus more relevant to experimental PD research.
文摘中药注射剂(traditional chinese medicine injections,TCMIs)临床疗效确切,但其类过敏反应频发,日益增多的不良反应事件已成为当前中药安全性研究的热点和难点。类过敏反应的发生机制尚未完全明确,其常规评价标准及风险防控措施还存在一定局限性,亟需建立一套能广泛筛查TCMIs类致敏原、明确类致敏发生机制的TCMIs安全性评价方法。本文对近年来有关TCMIs类过敏反应的机制、物质基础以及评价方法的研究进行综述,旨在深入挖掘TCMIs类过敏反应的综合信息,以期为建立TCMIs类过敏反应评价与风险防控新方法、减少TCMIs临床不良反应的发生提供新的思路。
