This paper computes the values of commodities(including fixed capital) as well as production prices in China's economy. In light of Marx's transformation problem, the ratios of production prices to the values ...This paper computes the values of commodities(including fixed capital) as well as production prices in China's economy. In light of Marx's transformation problem, the ratios of production prices to the values of 24 major commodities are computed. It is shown that the ratio of price to value in agriculture is the lowest, which indicates that agriculture is facing an unequal exchange of labor with other sectors.展开更多
The odes (Dafu) of the Han dynasty are mainly represented by the Capital Ode. The chief reason for its popularity, abundance and magnificence at that time lies in its erudition and fullness of knowledge. In fact this ...The odes (Dafu) of the Han dynasty are mainly represented by the Capital Ode. The chief reason for its popularity, abundance and magnificence at that time lies in its erudition and fullness of knowledge. In fact this is the outcome of the communication between the Han Empire and other countries in Asia and Europe. The present paper focuses on the following views: (i) the great variety of tributes comes mainly from afar and exhibits the tribute system of the Han dynasty, (ii) the Ode composers advocate kingcraft and moralization in the communication with foreign visitors; hence the tributes and moralization demonstrates the features of the offered tributes, and (iii) the Ode composers make detailed descriptions of the diplomatic etiquette of foreign nations including acrobatics and the like. To some extent, the great Ode composers’ overall depictions of the capital civilization based on their personal experiences from the grand ceremonies of the Han dynasty are a mirror of the cultural exchanges between the Han dynasty and the countries in Asia and in Europe.展开更多
文摘This paper computes the values of commodities(including fixed capital) as well as production prices in China's economy. In light of Marx's transformation problem, the ratios of production prices to the values of 24 major commodities are computed. It is shown that the ratio of price to value in agriculture is the lowest, which indicates that agriculture is facing an unequal exchange of labor with other sectors.
文摘The odes (Dafu) of the Han dynasty are mainly represented by the Capital Ode. The chief reason for its popularity, abundance and magnificence at that time lies in its erudition and fullness of knowledge. In fact this is the outcome of the communication between the Han Empire and other countries in Asia and Europe. The present paper focuses on the following views: (i) the great variety of tributes comes mainly from afar and exhibits the tribute system of the Han dynasty, (ii) the Ode composers advocate kingcraft and moralization in the communication with foreign visitors; hence the tributes and moralization demonstrates the features of the offered tributes, and (iii) the Ode composers make detailed descriptions of the diplomatic etiquette of foreign nations including acrobatics and the like. To some extent, the great Ode composers’ overall depictions of the capital civilization based on their personal experiences from the grand ceremonies of the Han dynasty are a mirror of the cultural exchanges between the Han dynasty and the countries in Asia and in Europe.
