Nodular regenerative hyperplasia(NRH)is a rare liver condition characterized by a widespread benign transformation of the hepatic parenchyma into small regenerative nodules.NRH may lead to the development of non-cirrh...Nodular regenerative hyperplasia(NRH)is a rare liver condition characterized by a widespread benign transformation of the hepatic parenchyma into small regenerative nodules.NRH may lead to the development of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.There are no published systematic population studies on NRH and our current knowledge is limited to case reports and case series.NRH may develop via autoimmune,hematological,infectious,neoplastic,or drug-related causes.The disease is usually asymptomatic,slowly or nonprogressive unless complications of portal hypertension develop.Accurate diagnosis is made by histopathology,which demonstrates diffuse micronodular transformation without fibrous septa.Lack of perinuclear collagen tissue distinguishes NRH from typical regenerative nodules in the cirrhotic liver.While the initial treatment is to address the underlying disease,ultimately the therapy is directed to the management of portal hypertension.The prognosis of NRH depends on both the severity of the underlying illness and the prevention of secondary complications of portal hypertension.In this review we detail the epidemiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis,management,and prognosis of NRH.展开更多
目的:分析老年腰椎管狭窄症患者腰椎内固定手术后并发症的发生的影响因素,及其发生率,探讨减少手术并发症的相关措施。方法:回顾性分析2013年6月至2017年6月60岁以上腰椎减压固定融合的手术治疗的腰椎管狭窄症患者,分为无并发症组和有...目的:分析老年腰椎管狭窄症患者腰椎内固定手术后并发症的发生的影响因素,及其发生率,探讨减少手术并发症的相关措施。方法:回顾性分析2013年6月至2017年6月60岁以上腰椎减压固定融合的手术治疗的腰椎管狭窄症患者,分为无并发症组和有并发症。评价手术效果,记录术中及术后3个月内并发症发生情况。分析年龄、体重指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)、病程、合并症、手术节段、手术时间、失血量、住院时间和围手术期并发症的相关性。通过分析结果、查阅文献确定减少并发症的措施。结果:73例患者中总共11例发生并发症,其中3例全身并发症,8例局部并发症。两组比较,发生并发症患者的BMI值大(t=2.177,P=0.038),术前合并症多(χ~2=7.207,P=0.027),手术节段多(χ~2=6.402,P=0.041),手术时间长(t=2.907,P=0.007)、出血量多(t=2.204,P=0.036),住院时间长(t=4.655,P=0.000)。手术节段越多,手术时间越长(F=100. 222,P=0. 000),出血量也随之增多(F=130.050,P=0.000)。两组患者术后3个月ODI评分(t=0.901,P=0.375)和Odom分级比较没有明显差异(U=309.000,P=0.541)。失血量和手术时间(r=0.591,P=0.000)、住院时间呈正性强相关(r=0.517,P=0.003),BMI和失血量呈弱正相关(r=0.374,P=0.038)。结论:并发症发生率与失血量和手术时间呈强相关。通过术中应用氨甲环酸、骨刀椎板切除、双侧同时显露和操作,减少融合节段可以减少手术时间和出血量,有助于减少并发症。展开更多
文摘Nodular regenerative hyperplasia(NRH)is a rare liver condition characterized by a widespread benign transformation of the hepatic parenchyma into small regenerative nodules.NRH may lead to the development of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.There are no published systematic population studies on NRH and our current knowledge is limited to case reports and case series.NRH may develop via autoimmune,hematological,infectious,neoplastic,or drug-related causes.The disease is usually asymptomatic,slowly or nonprogressive unless complications of portal hypertension develop.Accurate diagnosis is made by histopathology,which demonstrates diffuse micronodular transformation without fibrous septa.Lack of perinuclear collagen tissue distinguishes NRH from typical regenerative nodules in the cirrhotic liver.While the initial treatment is to address the underlying disease,ultimately the therapy is directed to the management of portal hypertension.The prognosis of NRH depends on both the severity of the underlying illness and the prevention of secondary complications of portal hypertension.In this review we detail the epidemiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis,management,and prognosis of NRH.
文摘目的:分析老年腰椎管狭窄症患者腰椎内固定手术后并发症的发生的影响因素,及其发生率,探讨减少手术并发症的相关措施。方法:回顾性分析2013年6月至2017年6月60岁以上腰椎减压固定融合的手术治疗的腰椎管狭窄症患者,分为无并发症组和有并发症。评价手术效果,记录术中及术后3个月内并发症发生情况。分析年龄、体重指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)、病程、合并症、手术节段、手术时间、失血量、住院时间和围手术期并发症的相关性。通过分析结果、查阅文献确定减少并发症的措施。结果:73例患者中总共11例发生并发症,其中3例全身并发症,8例局部并发症。两组比较,发生并发症患者的BMI值大(t=2.177,P=0.038),术前合并症多(χ~2=7.207,P=0.027),手术节段多(χ~2=6.402,P=0.041),手术时间长(t=2.907,P=0.007)、出血量多(t=2.204,P=0.036),住院时间长(t=4.655,P=0.000)。手术节段越多,手术时间越长(F=100. 222,P=0. 000),出血量也随之增多(F=130.050,P=0.000)。两组患者术后3个月ODI评分(t=0.901,P=0.375)和Odom分级比较没有明显差异(U=309.000,P=0.541)。失血量和手术时间(r=0.591,P=0.000)、住院时间呈正性强相关(r=0.517,P=0.003),BMI和失血量呈弱正相关(r=0.374,P=0.038)。结论:并发症发生率与失血量和手术时间呈强相关。通过术中应用氨甲环酸、骨刀椎板切除、双侧同时显露和操作,减少融合节段可以减少手术时间和出血量,有助于减少并发症。
