本体感觉是包含关节运动觉和位置觉的一种特殊感觉形式。近年来,本体感觉对关节稳定性的作用成为康复医学、运动医学和矫形外科的研究热点之一。研究表明：本体感觉的减退和躯干姿势控制能力的降低是慢性腰痛（chronic low back pain,C...本体感觉是包含关节运动觉和位置觉的一种特殊感觉形式。近年来,本体感觉对关节稳定性的作用成为康复医学、运动医学和矫形外科的研究热点之一。研究表明：本体感觉的减退和躯干姿势控制能力的降低是慢性腰痛（chronic low back pain,CLBP）复发的重要原因,并提出在CLBP的治疗中应重建本体感觉和加强躯干肌控制和协调能力的训练。本文通过查阅Cochrane、Medline和CNKI等电子数据库,综述了本体感觉维持关节功能性稳定的机制、本体感觉减退诱发CLBP及其在CLBP康复中的应用。展开更多
全胃切除术与近端胃切除术是两种主要的治疗近端胃癌的手术方式,但是对手术方式的选择却存在争议[1].本研究通过整理已经发表的全胃切除与近端胃切除治疗近端胃癌的文献,以探讨两种手术方式治疗近端胃癌的疗效差异.资料与方法一、检索...全胃切除术与近端胃切除术是两种主要的治疗近端胃癌的手术方式,但是对手术方式的选择却存在争议[1].本研究通过整理已经发表的全胃切除与近端胃切除治疗近端胃癌的文献,以探讨两种手术方式治疗近端胃癌的疗效差异.资料与方法一、检索策略中国知网、万方、Medline、Embase、The Cochrane Library and Web of Science作为检索的主要来源.外文检索策略：“neoplasms”（Mesh）或“cardia”（Mesh）或“Proximal gastric cancer”（Text word）或“cancer of fundus”（Text word）和“total gastrectomy”（Text word）或“proximal gastectomy”（Text word）或“partial gastectomy”.中文检索策略：“胃癌或近端胃癌或胃底贲门癌”和“近端胃切除或全胃切除”.两名研究者独立地检索与评估,必要时请第三方参与.展开更多
Objective： Cochrane reviews have the reputation for being more transparent and rigorous than other reviews. The aim of this overview was to evaluate and summarize Cochrane reviews of acupuncture for the treatment of ...Objective： Cochrane reviews have the reputation for being more transparent and rigorous than other reviews. The aim of this overview was to evaluate and summarize Cochrane reviews of acupuncture for the treatment of any type of pain. Methods： We searched the Cochrane Database and evaluated the Cochrane reviews that were concerned specifically with the effectiveness of acupuncture for pain. Data were extracted according to pre-defined inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers. Results： Eight Cochrane reviews were included. They were all of high methodological quality. They related to a wide range of pain syndromes. Four reviews concluded that acupuncture is effective for migraines, neck disorders, tensiontype headaches, and peripheral joint osteoarthritis; one review failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of acupuncture for rheumatoid arthritis; and three reviews were inconclusive for shoulder pain, lateral elbow pain, and low back pain. Conclusion： Several Cochrane reviews of acupuncture for a wide range of pain conditions have recently been published. All of these reviews were of high quality. Their results suggest that acupuncture is effective for some but not all types of pain.展开更多
人工关节假体周围感染是关节置换术后的灾难性并发症,对关节功能损害严重,治疗花费巨大.近年来,将利福平应用于假体周围感染的治疗成为骨科新的研究热点,并取得了明确的疗效.通过检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science...人工关节假体周围感染是关节置换术后的灾难性并发症,对关节功能损害严重,治疗花费巨大.近年来,将利福平应用于假体周围感染的治疗成为骨科新的研究热点,并取得了明确的疗效.通过检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、CNKI、万方和维普数据库,筛选应用利福平治疗假体周围感染的相关文献,对利福平应用于假体周围感染的发展过程及应用现状、利福平治疗假体周围感染的机制及其应用方法进行分析.国内尚未见应用利福平治疗假体周围感染的相关报道.文献综述结果提示,致病菌定植于关节假体表面并形成不可逆的生物膜是假体周围感染的主要发病机制,生物膜形成的特殊环境既有利于致病菌生长,又可使其抵御大剂量的抗生素,其存在时间越长对抗生素的耐药性也越强.利福平能有效渗透入生物膜的多糖基质,并杀灭生物膜内的葡萄球菌属等致病菌,同时还具有较高的生物利用度,能很好地分布于骨内.假体周围感染的治疗方式包括保留假体的清创术、一期和二期翻修术等,在正确选择手术适应证的前提下利福平的应用能极大地提高保留假体的清创术的成功率及一期、二期翻修术的成功率.规范应用是避免细菌对利福平产生耐药的前提.目前研究已证实了利福平在假体周围感染治疗中的重要作用,但其最佳的应用疗程、剂量及给药途径尚需进一步探讨.展开更多
文摘本体感觉是包含关节运动觉和位置觉的一种特殊感觉形式。近年来,本体感觉对关节稳定性的作用成为康复医学、运动医学和矫形外科的研究热点之一。研究表明：本体感觉的减退和躯干姿势控制能力的降低是慢性腰痛（chronic low back pain,CLBP）复发的重要原因,并提出在CLBP的治疗中应重建本体感觉和加强躯干肌控制和协调能力的训练。本文通过查阅Cochrane、Medline和CNKI等电子数据库,综述了本体感觉维持关节功能性稳定的机制、本体感觉减退诱发CLBP及其在CLBP康复中的应用。
文摘全胃切除术与近端胃切除术是两种主要的治疗近端胃癌的手术方式,但是对手术方式的选择却存在争议[1].本研究通过整理已经发表的全胃切除与近端胃切除治疗近端胃癌的文献,以探讨两种手术方式治疗近端胃癌的疗效差异.资料与方法一、检索策略中国知网、万方、Medline、Embase、The Cochrane Library and Web of Science作为检索的主要来源.外文检索策略：“neoplasms”（Mesh）或“cardia”（Mesh）或“Proximal gastric cancer”（Text word）或“cancer of fundus”（Text word）和“total gastrectomy”（Text word）或“proximal gastectomy”（Text word）或“partial gastectomy”.中文检索策略：“胃癌或近端胃癌或胃底贲门癌”和“近端胃切除或全胃切除”.两名研究者独立地检索与评估,必要时请第三方参与.
文摘Objective： Cochrane reviews have the reputation for being more transparent and rigorous than other reviews. The aim of this overview was to evaluate and summarize Cochrane reviews of acupuncture for the treatment of any type of pain. Methods： We searched the Cochrane Database and evaluated the Cochrane reviews that were concerned specifically with the effectiveness of acupuncture for pain. Data were extracted according to pre-defined inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers. Results： Eight Cochrane reviews were included. They were all of high methodological quality. They related to a wide range of pain syndromes. Four reviews concluded that acupuncture is effective for migraines, neck disorders, tensiontype headaches, and peripheral joint osteoarthritis; one review failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of acupuncture for rheumatoid arthritis; and three reviews were inconclusive for shoulder pain, lateral elbow pain, and low back pain. Conclusion： Several Cochrane reviews of acupuncture for a wide range of pain conditions have recently been published. All of these reviews were of high quality. Their results suggest that acupuncture is effective for some but not all types of pain.
文摘人工关节假体周围感染是关节置换术后的灾难性并发症,对关节功能损害严重,治疗花费巨大.近年来,将利福平应用于假体周围感染的治疗成为骨科新的研究热点,并取得了明确的疗效.通过检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、CNKI、万方和维普数据库,筛选应用利福平治疗假体周围感染的相关文献,对利福平应用于假体周围感染的发展过程及应用现状、利福平治疗假体周围感染的机制及其应用方法进行分析.国内尚未见应用利福平治疗假体周围感染的相关报道.文献综述结果提示,致病菌定植于关节假体表面并形成不可逆的生物膜是假体周围感染的主要发病机制,生物膜形成的特殊环境既有利于致病菌生长,又可使其抵御大剂量的抗生素,其存在时间越长对抗生素的耐药性也越强.利福平能有效渗透入生物膜的多糖基质,并杀灭生物膜内的葡萄球菌属等致病菌,同时还具有较高的生物利用度,能很好地分布于骨内.假体周围感染的治疗方式包括保留假体的清创术、一期和二期翻修术等,在正确选择手术适应证的前提下利福平的应用能极大地提高保留假体的清创术的成功率及一期、二期翻修术的成功率.规范应用是避免细菌对利福平产生耐药的前提.目前研究已证实了利福平在假体周围感染治疗中的重要作用,但其最佳的应用疗程、剂量及给药途径尚需进一步探讨.
