化学吸收法是目前燃煤电厂CO2捕集中最成熟和最具规模化应用潜力的技术,但该技术能耗和成本较高,吸收剂的革新是CO2捕集技术性能提升的关键之一。本文从电厂烟气特点出发,结合对有机醇胺类吸收剂不同单体特性的分析和比较,优化设计了混...化学吸收法是目前燃煤电厂CO2捕集中最成熟和最具规模化应用潜力的技术,但该技术能耗和成本较高,吸收剂的革新是CO2捕集技术性能提升的关键之一。本文从电厂烟气特点出发,结合对有机醇胺类吸收剂不同单体特性的分析和比较,优化设计了混合胺吸收剂的配方,利用实验室气液反应平衡和反应焓一体化测试,筛选出优选配方HNC-5吸收剂,吸收反应焓较乙醇胺(MEA)低约20%,且吸收速率更快。真实烟气条件下1000 t/a CO2捕集中试装置测试表明,HNC-5性能指标与实验室测试结果一致,CO2捕集率高于90%,而再生热耗较MEA降低20%左右。12万t/a CO2捕集示范系统连续运行结果表明,运行期间HNC-5再生热耗1 t CO2约2.8 GJ,1 t CO2捕集成本降低约63元,吸收剂使用寿命更长,更有利于提高捕集系统的可用性和可靠性。展开更多
通过研究二氧化碳捕集、运输、注入和原油开采4个主要技术环节,建立了二氧化碳捕集与封存结合提高石油采收率全流程(CO_2-EOR)经济性评价模型。该模型反映了CO_2-EOR系统复杂性和交互性,其结果能为CO_2-EOR项目规划提供科学决策支持。...通过研究二氧化碳捕集、运输、注入和原油开采4个主要技术环节,建立了二氧化碳捕集与封存结合提高石油采收率全流程(CO_2-EOR)经济性评价模型。该模型反映了CO_2-EOR系统复杂性和交互性,其结果能为CO_2-EOR项目规划提供科学决策支持。将模型应用于中国的煤化工厂碳捕集与封存结合提高石油采收率项目的案例研究表明:在油价50.0$/bbl和驱油比4.0 t CO_2/t oil的情景下,每年80万t规模的煤化工厂结合CO_2-EOR项目的净收益可达9.36亿元,项目内部收益率可以达到8.44%。煤化工厂结合CO_2-EOR的项目具有优先发展的潜在机会。展开更多
In this paper, the methodology of non-equilibrium thermodynamics is introduced for kinetics research of CO2 capture by ionic liquids, and the following three key scientific problems are proposed to apply the methodolo...In this paper, the methodology of non-equilibrium thermodynamics is introduced for kinetics research of CO2 capture by ionic liquids, and the following three key scientific problems are proposed to apply the methodology in kinetics research of CO2 capture by ionic liquids: reliable thermodynamic models, interfacial transport rate description and accurate experimental flux. The obtaining of accurate experimental flux requires reliable experimental kinetics data and the effective transport area in the CO2 capture process by ionic liquids. Research advances in the three key scientific problems are reviewed systematically and further work is analyzed. Finally, perspectives of non-equilibrium thermodynamic research of the kinetics of CO2 capture by ionic liquids are proposed.展开更多
We report the development of technology that may contribute to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and improve the energy efficiency of the CO2 capture process. Lithium ortho-silicate is a suitable solid sorbent f...We report the development of technology that may contribute to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and improve the energy efficiency of the CO2 capture process. Lithium ortho-silicate is a suitable solid sorbent for capturing CO2. This reversible chemical reaction is also applicable to chemical heat storage. The absorption reaction characteristics of lithium ortho-silicate were studied by a thermogravimetric method and a volumetric method that demonstrated the influence of heat and mass transfer limitations in a packed bed designed to be as small as possible. We developed a method for measuring the absorption reaction characteristics in the experiments. In the experiments, a constant conversion fraction of 60% was observed. The reaction system was stable to repetition. The CO2 absorption rate depends on the CO2 pressure and reactor temperature. The absorption rate was determined at several reactor temperatures when the conversion fraction was 0.3. In this study, the maximum absorption rate was obtained at 670oC. It was demonstrated that lithium ortho-silicate is suitable for use in a chemical heat storage system.展开更多
Limestone can be used for CO_2 capture and sequestration(CCS) in flue gas effectively. However, its CCS capability will dramatically decline after several cycles due to the surface "sintering". In this work,...Limestone can be used for CO_2 capture and sequestration(CCS) in flue gas effectively. However, its CCS capability will dramatically decline after several cycles due to the surface "sintering". In this work, the limestone was modified with palygorskite to reduce sintering phenomenon between the absorbent particles during the CCS process and the carbonation rate of the limestone can be enhanced effectively. Palygorskite is a natural mineral with nano-fibrous structure which can reduce the mutual contact of limestone particles during the CCS process. The results were detected by TGA, SEM, MIP, FTIR and particle size analyzer respectively. The best CO_2 capture performance of modified absorbent was 13.11% improvement with only 5 wt% palygorskite added during the CCS process after 15 cycles compared with natural absorbent. It was found that excellent microscopic structures of absorbent modified with palygorskite was created, and the surface sintering was postponed leading to CO_2 capture performance enhanced under the same conditions.展开更多
文摘化学吸收法是目前燃煤电厂CO2捕集中最成熟和最具规模化应用潜力的技术,但该技术能耗和成本较高,吸收剂的革新是CO2捕集技术性能提升的关键之一。本文从电厂烟气特点出发,结合对有机醇胺类吸收剂不同单体特性的分析和比较,优化设计了混合胺吸收剂的配方,利用实验室气液反应平衡和反应焓一体化测试,筛选出优选配方HNC-5吸收剂,吸收反应焓较乙醇胺(MEA)低约20%,且吸收速率更快。真实烟气条件下1000 t/a CO2捕集中试装置测试表明,HNC-5性能指标与实验室测试结果一致,CO2捕集率高于90%,而再生热耗较MEA降低20%左右。12万t/a CO2捕集示范系统连续运行结果表明,运行期间HNC-5再生热耗1 t CO2约2.8 GJ,1 t CO2捕集成本降低约63元,吸收剂使用寿命更长,更有利于提高捕集系统的可用性和可靠性。
文摘通过研究二氧化碳捕集、运输、注入和原油开采4个主要技术环节,建立了二氧化碳捕集与封存结合提高石油采收率全流程(CO_2-EOR)经济性评价模型。该模型反映了CO_2-EOR系统复杂性和交互性,其结果能为CO_2-EOR项目规划提供科学决策支持。将模型应用于中国的煤化工厂碳捕集与封存结合提高石油采收率项目的案例研究表明:在油价50.0$/bbl和驱油比4.0 t CO_2/t oil的情景下,每年80万t规模的煤化工厂结合CO_2-EOR项目的净收益可达9.36亿元,项目内部收益率可以达到8.44%。煤化工厂结合CO_2-EOR的项目具有优先发展的潜在机会。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB226103, 2009CB219902)Swedish Research Councilgrateful to the support by the 363rd Session of Xiangshan Science Conferences, "Scientific Issues of Energy Conservation Mechanism for Waste-decreasing Process"
文摘In this paper, the methodology of non-equilibrium thermodynamics is introduced for kinetics research of CO2 capture by ionic liquids, and the following three key scientific problems are proposed to apply the methodology in kinetics research of CO2 capture by ionic liquids: reliable thermodynamic models, interfacial transport rate description and accurate experimental flux. The obtaining of accurate experimental flux requires reliable experimental kinetics data and the effective transport area in the CO2 capture process by ionic liquids. Research advances in the three key scientific problems are reviewed systematically and further work is analyzed. Finally, perspectives of non-equilibrium thermodynamic research of the kinetics of CO2 capture by ionic liquids are proposed.
文摘We report the development of technology that may contribute to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and improve the energy efficiency of the CO2 capture process. Lithium ortho-silicate is a suitable solid sorbent for capturing CO2. This reversible chemical reaction is also applicable to chemical heat storage. The absorption reaction characteristics of lithium ortho-silicate were studied by a thermogravimetric method and a volumetric method that demonstrated the influence of heat and mass transfer limitations in a packed bed designed to be as small as possible. We developed a method for measuring the absorption reaction characteristics in the experiments. In the experiments, a constant conversion fraction of 60% was observed. The reaction system was stable to repetition. The CO2 absorption rate depends on the CO2 pressure and reactor temperature. The absorption rate was determined at several reactor temperatures when the conversion fraction was 0.3. In this study, the maximum absorption rate was obtained at 670oC. It was demonstrated that lithium ortho-silicate is suitable for use in a chemical heat storage system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51274159)Special Funds for The Major Science and Technology Innovation of Shaanxi Province(2012zkc06-2)
文摘Limestone can be used for CO_2 capture and sequestration(CCS) in flue gas effectively. However, its CCS capability will dramatically decline after several cycles due to the surface "sintering". In this work, the limestone was modified with palygorskite to reduce sintering phenomenon between the absorbent particles during the CCS process and the carbonation rate of the limestone can be enhanced effectively. Palygorskite is a natural mineral with nano-fibrous structure which can reduce the mutual contact of limestone particles during the CCS process. The results were detected by TGA, SEM, MIP, FTIR and particle size analyzer respectively. The best CO_2 capture performance of modified absorbent was 13.11% improvement with only 5 wt% palygorskite added during the CCS process after 15 cycles compared with natural absorbent. It was found that excellent microscopic structures of absorbent modified with palygorskite was created, and the surface sintering was postponed leading to CO_2 capture performance enhanced under the same conditions.
