Traumatic brain injury is a prevalent disorder of the central nervous system.In addition to primary brain parenchymal damage,the enduring biological consequences of traumatic brain injury pose long-term risks for pati...Traumatic brain injury is a prevalent disorder of the central nervous system.In addition to primary brain parenchymal damage,the enduring biological consequences of traumatic brain injury pose long-term risks for patients with traumatic brain injury;however,the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective intervention methods are lacking.Intestinal dysfunction is a significant consequence of traumatic brain injury.Being the most densely innervated peripheral tissue in the body,the gut possesses multiple pathways for the establishment of a bidirectional“brain-gut axis”with the central nervous system.The gut harbors a vast microbial community,and alterations of the gut niche contribute to the progression of traumatic brain injury and its unfavorable prognosis through neuronal,hormonal,and immune pathways.A comprehensive understanding of microbiota-mediated peripheral neuroimmunomodulation mechanisms is needed to enhance treatment strategies for traumatic brain injury and its associated complications.We comprehensively reviewed alterations in the gut microecological environment following traumatic brain injury,with a specific focus on the complex biological processes of peripheral nerves,immunity,and microbes triggered by traumatic brain injury,encompassing autonomic dysfunction,neuroendocrine disturbances,peripheral immunosuppression,increased intestinal barrier permeability,compromised responses of sensory nerves to microorganisms,and potential effector nuclei in the central nervous system influenced by gut microbiota.Additionally,we reviewed the mechanisms underlying secondary biological injury and the dynamic pathological responses that occur following injury to enhance our current understanding of how peripheral pathways impact the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury.This review aimed to propose a conceptual model for future risk assessment of central nervous system-related diseases while elucidating novel insights into the bidirectional effects of the“brain-gut-microbiota axis.”展开更多
This paper investigates the synchronization of a fractional order hyperchaotic system using passive control. A passive controller is designed, based on the properties of a passive system. Then the synchronization betw...This paper investigates the synchronization of a fractional order hyperchaotic system using passive control. A passive controller is designed, based on the properties of a passive system. Then the synchronization between two fractional order hyperchaotic systems under different initial conditions is realized, on the basis of the stability theorem for fractional order systems. Numerical simulations and circuitry simulations are presented to verify the analytical results.展开更多
The nucleus accumbens(NAc)is a subcortical brain structure known primarily for its roles in pleasure,reward,and addiction.Despite less focus on the NAc in pain research,it also plays a large role in the mediation of p...The nucleus accumbens(NAc)is a subcortical brain structure known primarily for its roles in pleasure,reward,and addiction.Despite less focus on the NAc in pain research,it also plays a large role in the mediation of pain and is effective as a source of analgesia.Evidence for this involvement lies in the NAc’s cortical connections,functions,pharmacology,and therapeutic targeting.The NAc projects to and receives information from notable pain structures,such as the prefrontal cortex,anterior cingulate cortex,periaqueductal gray,habenula,thalamus,etc.Additionally,the NAc and other pain-modulating structures share functions involving opioid regulation and motivational and emotional processing,which each work beyond simply the rewarding experience of pain offset.Pharmacologically speaking,the NAc responds heavily to painful stimuli,due to its high density ofμopioid receptors and the activation of several different neurotransmitter systems in the NAc,such as opioids,dopamine,calcitonin gene-related peptide,γ-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,and substance P,each of which have been shown to elicit analgesic effects.In both preclinical and clinical models,deep brain stimulation of the NAc has elicited successful analgesia.The multi-functional NAc is important in motivational behavior,and the motivation for avoiding pain is just as important to survival as the motivation for seeking pleasure.It is possible,then,that the NAc must be involved in both pleasure and pain in order to help determine the motivational salience of positive and negative events.展开更多
Hunger, mostly initiated by a deficiency in energy, induces food seeking and intake. However, the drive toward food is not only regulated by physiological needs, but is motivated by the pleasure derived from ingestion...Hunger, mostly initiated by a deficiency in energy, induces food seeking and intake. However, the drive toward food is not only regulated by physiological needs, but is motivated by the pleasure derived from ingestion of food, in particular palatable foods. Therefore, feeding is viewed as an adaptive motivated behavior that involves integrated communication between homeostatic feeding circuits and reward circuits. The initiation and termination of a feeding episode are instructed by a variety of neuronal signals, and maladaptive plasticity in almost any component of the network may lead to the development of pathological eating disorders. In this review we will summarize the latest understanding of how the feeding circuits and reward circuits in the brain interact. We will emphasize communication between the hypothalamus and the mesolimbic dopamine system and highlight complexities, discrepancies, open questions and future directions for the field.展开更多
Despite the regenerative capabilities of peripheral nerves, severe injuries or neuronal trauma of critical size impose immense hurdles for proper restoration of neuro-muscular circuitry. Autologous nerve grafts improv...Despite the regenerative capabilities of peripheral nerves, severe injuries or neuronal trauma of critical size impose immense hurdles for proper restoration of neuro-muscular circuitry. Autologous nerve grafts improve re-establishment of connectivity, but also comprise substantial donor site morbidity. We developed a rat model which allows the testing of different cell applications, i.e., mesenchymal stem cells, to improve nerve regeneration in vivo. To mimic inaccurate alignment of autologous nerve grafts with the injured nerve, a 20 mm portion of the sciatic nerve was excised, and sutured back in place in reversed direction. To validate the feasibility of our novel model, a fibrin gel conduit containing autologous undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells was applied around the coaptation sites and compared to autologous nerve grafts. After evaluating sciatic nerve function for 16 weeks postoperatively, animals were sacrificed, and gastrocnemius muscle weight was determined along with morphological parameters（g-ratio, axon density ＆ diameter） of regenerating axons. Interestingly, the addition of undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells resulted in a significantly improved re-myelination, axon ingrowth and functional outcome, when compared to animals without a cell seeded conduit. The presented model thus displays several intriguing features： it imitates a certain mismatch in size, distribution and orientation of axons within the nerve coaptation site. The fibrin conduit itself allows for an easy application of cells and, as a true critical-size defect model, any observed improvement relates directly to the performed intervention. Since fibrin and adipose-derived stem cells have been approved for human applications, the technique can theoretically be performed on humans. Thus, we suggest that the model is a powerful tool to investigate cell mediated assistance of peripheral nerve regeneration.展开更多
Transcriptional dysregulation of genes is a hallmark of tumors and can serve as targets for cancer drug development.However,it is extremely challenging to develop small-molecule inhibitors to target abnormally express...Transcriptional dysregulation of genes is a hallmark of tumors and can serve as targets for cancer drug development.However,it is extremely challenging to develop small-molecule inhibitors to target abnormally expressed transcription factors(TFs)except for the nuclear receptor family of TFs.Little is known about the interaction between TFs and transcription cofactors in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma(GEA)or the therapeutic effects of targeting TF and transcription cofactor complexes.In this study,we found that ETS homologous factor(EHF)expression is promoted by a core transcriptional regulatory circuitry(CRC),specifically ELF3-KLF5-GATA6,and interference with its expression suppressed the malignant biological behavior of GEA cells.Importantly,we identified Ajuba LIM protein(AJUBA)as a new coactivator of EHF that cooperatively orchestrates transcriptional network activity in GEA.Furthermore,we identified KRAS signaling as a common pathway downstream of EHF and AJUBA.Applicably,dual targeting of EHF and AJUBA by lipid nanoparticles cooperatively attenuated the malignant biological behaviors of GEA in vitro and in vivo.In conclusion,EHF is upregulated by the CRC and promotes GEA malignancy by interacting with AJUBA through the KRAS pathway.Targeting of both EHF and its coactivator AJUBA through lipid nanoparticles is a novel potential therapeutic strategy.展开更多
Thalamocortical circuitry has a substantial impact on emotion and cognition.Previous studies have demonstrated alterations in thalamocortical functional connectivity(FC),characterized by region-dependent hypo-or hyper...Thalamocortical circuitry has a substantial impact on emotion and cognition.Previous studies have demonstrated alterations in thalamocortical functional connectivity(FC),characterized by region-dependent hypo-or hyper-connectivity,among individuals with major depressive disorder(MDD).However,the dynamical reconfiguration of the thalamocortical system over time and potential abnormalities in dynamic thalamocortical connectivity associated with MDD remain unclear.Hence,we analyzed dynamic FC(dFC)between ten thalamic subregions and seven cortical subnetworks from resting-state functional magnetic resonance images of 48 patients with MDD and 57 healthy controls(HCs)to investigate time-varying changes in thalamocortical FC in patients with MDD.Moreover,dynamic laterality analysis was conducted to examine the changes in functional lateralization of the thalamocortical system over time.Correlations between the dynamic measures of thalamocortical FC and clinical assessment were also calculated.We identified four dynamic states of thalamocortical circuitry wherein patients with MDD exhibited decreased fractional time and reduced transitions within a negative connectivity state that showed strong correlations with primary cortical networks,compared with the HCs.In addition,MDD patients also exhibited increased fluctuations in functional laterality in the thalamocortical system across the scan duration.The thalamo-subnetwork analysis unveiled abnormal dFC variability involving higher-order cortical networks in the MDD cohort.Significant correlations were found between increased dFC variability with dorsal attention and default mode networks and the severity of symptoms.Our study comprehensively investigated the pattern of alteration of the thalamocortical dFC in MDD patients.The heterogeneous alterations of dFC between the thalamus and both primary and higher-order cortical networks may help characterize the deficits of sensory and cognitive processing in MDD.展开更多
A universal and low-cost temperature thermometer is realized via a special circuit,integrated circuit chip with microprocessor and analog to digital converter,and digital bus interface.Various thermocouples and resist...A universal and low-cost temperature thermometer is realized via a special circuit,integrated circuit chip with microprocessor and analog to digital converter,and digital bus interface.Various thermocouples and resistance temperature detectors used for temperature sensing may be connected to same thermometer.A special signal condition circuitry is designed and a matching algorithm is proposed.A novel calibration method named disassembled calibration is proposed in order to enhance efficiency and flexibility for the whole system.Additionally,it presents a combination method of low order polynomial fitting and piecewise linearity for the nonlinearity calibration of the thermocouple and the resistance temperature detector.A cold junction compensation based on digital way is described.And the matching algorithm and calibration method may eliminate errors stemming from excitation voltage source and reference voltage source,and can weaken quantization error of analog to digital converter and drift of components,too.Furthermore,the 400 times oversampling is completed by sequential and equal interval sampling to upgrade accuracy of analog to digital converter from original 12 to 15 bits and to raise signal-to-noise ratio.Finally,during a long time monitoring,experiment results show that errors at each static point are less than±0.2°C for the thermocouple system and less than±0.1°C for the resistance temperature detector system.展开更多
A detailed experiment of 1-pixel bit reconfigurable ternary optical processor （TOP） is proposed in the paper. 42 basic operation units （BOUs） and 28 typical logic operators of the TOP are realized in the experimen...A detailed experiment of 1-pixel bit reconfigurable ternary optical processor （TOP） is proposed in the paper. 42 basic operation units （BOUs） and 28 typical logic operators of the TOP are realized in the experiment. Results of the test cases elaborately cover the every combination of BOUs and all the nine inputs of ternary processor. Both the experiment process and results analysis are given in this paper. The experimental results demonstrate that the theory of reconfiguring a TOP is valid and that the reconfiguration circuitry is effective.展开更多
This paper introduces a switched hyperchaotic system that changes its behavior randomly from one subsystem to another via two switch functions, and its characteristics of symmetry, dissipation, equilibrium, bifurcatio...This paper introduces a switched hyperchaotic system that changes its behavior randomly from one subsystem to another via two switch functions, and its characteristics of symmetry, dissipation, equilibrium, bifurcation diagram, basic dynamics have been analyzed. The hardware implementation of the system is based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). It is shown that the experimental results are identical with numerical simulations, and the chaotic trajectories are much more complex.展开更多
Complex circuitry of electronic infrastructure of compact micro-grids with multiple renewable energy sources feeding the loads using parallel operation of inverters acts as a deterrent in developing such systems. This...Complex circuitry of electronic infrastructure of compact micro-grids with multiple renewable energy sources feeding the loads using parallel operation of inverters acts as a deterrent in developing such systems. This paper deals with applicable techniques reducing the driving circuits in parallel power inverters used in micro-grid system (MGS), mainly focused on the distributed generation (DG) in islanded mode. The method introduced in this paper, gives a minimal and compressed circuitry that can be implemented very cost-effectively with simple components. DC micro-grids are proposed and researched for the good connection with DC output type sources such as photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell, and secondary battery. In this paper, the electronic infrastructure of micro-grid is expressed. Then discussed the reasons for its complexity and the possibility of reducing the elements of electronic circuits are investigated. The reason for this is in order to compact DC micro-grid system for electrification to places like villages. Digital Simulation in Matlab Simulink is used to show the effectiveness of this novel driver topology for parallel operating inverters (NDTPI).展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82174112(to PZ)Science and Technology Project of Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine,No.22HHZYSS00015(to PZ)State-Sponsored Postdoctoral Researcher Program,No.GZC20231925(to LN)。
文摘Traumatic brain injury is a prevalent disorder of the central nervous system.In addition to primary brain parenchymal damage,the enduring biological consequences of traumatic brain injury pose long-term risks for patients with traumatic brain injury;however,the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective intervention methods are lacking.Intestinal dysfunction is a significant consequence of traumatic brain injury.Being the most densely innervated peripheral tissue in the body,the gut possesses multiple pathways for the establishment of a bidirectional“brain-gut axis”with the central nervous system.The gut harbors a vast microbial community,and alterations of the gut niche contribute to the progression of traumatic brain injury and its unfavorable prognosis through neuronal,hormonal,and immune pathways.A comprehensive understanding of microbiota-mediated peripheral neuroimmunomodulation mechanisms is needed to enhance treatment strategies for traumatic brain injury and its associated complications.We comprehensively reviewed alterations in the gut microecological environment following traumatic brain injury,with a specific focus on the complex biological processes of peripheral nerves,immunity,and microbes triggered by traumatic brain injury,encompassing autonomic dysfunction,neuroendocrine disturbances,peripheral immunosuppression,increased intestinal barrier permeability,compromised responses of sensory nerves to microorganisms,and potential effector nuclei in the central nervous system influenced by gut microbiota.Additionally,we reviewed the mechanisms underlying secondary biological injury and the dynamic pathological responses that occur following injury to enhance our current understanding of how peripheral pathways impact the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury.This review aimed to propose a conceptual model for future risk assessment of central nervous system-related diseases while elucidating novel insights into the bidirectional effects of the“brain-gut-microbiota axis.”
文摘This paper investigates the synchronization of a fractional order hyperchaotic system using passive control. A passive controller is designed, based on the properties of a passive system. Then the synchronization between two fractional order hyperchaotic systems under different initial conditions is realized, on the basis of the stability theorem for fractional order systems. Numerical simulations and circuitry simulations are presented to verify the analytical results.
文摘The nucleus accumbens(NAc)is a subcortical brain structure known primarily for its roles in pleasure,reward,and addiction.Despite less focus on the NAc in pain research,it also plays a large role in the mediation of pain and is effective as a source of analgesia.Evidence for this involvement lies in the NAc’s cortical connections,functions,pharmacology,and therapeutic targeting.The NAc projects to and receives information from notable pain structures,such as the prefrontal cortex,anterior cingulate cortex,periaqueductal gray,habenula,thalamus,etc.Additionally,the NAc and other pain-modulating structures share functions involving opioid regulation and motivational and emotional processing,which each work beyond simply the rewarding experience of pain offset.Pharmacologically speaking,the NAc responds heavily to painful stimuli,due to its high density ofμopioid receptors and the activation of several different neurotransmitter systems in the NAc,such as opioids,dopamine,calcitonin gene-related peptide,γ-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,and substance P,each of which have been shown to elicit analgesic effects.In both preclinical and clinical models,deep brain stimulation of the NAc has elicited successful analgesia.The multi-functional NAc is important in motivational behavior,and the motivation for avoiding pain is just as important to survival as the motivation for seeking pleasure.It is possible,then,that the NAc must be involved in both pleasure and pain in order to help determine the motivational salience of positive and negative events.
文摘Hunger, mostly initiated by a deficiency in energy, induces food seeking and intake. However, the drive toward food is not only regulated by physiological needs, but is motivated by the pleasure derived from ingestion of food, in particular palatable foods. Therefore, feeding is viewed as an adaptive motivated behavior that involves integrated communication between homeostatic feeding circuits and reward circuits. The initiation and termination of a feeding episode are instructed by a variety of neuronal signals, and maladaptive plasticity in almost any component of the network may lead to the development of pathological eating disorders. In this review we will summarize the latest understanding of how the feeding circuits and reward circuits in the brain interact. We will emphasize communication between the hypothalamus and the mesolimbic dopamine system and highlight complexities, discrepancies, open questions and future directions for the field.
基金financially supported by the Faculty of Medicine,LMU(to TH and MMSFöFole,Project 843 and 955)
文摘Despite the regenerative capabilities of peripheral nerves, severe injuries or neuronal trauma of critical size impose immense hurdles for proper restoration of neuro-muscular circuitry. Autologous nerve grafts improve re-establishment of connectivity, but also comprise substantial donor site morbidity. We developed a rat model which allows the testing of different cell applications, i.e., mesenchymal stem cells, to improve nerve regeneration in vivo. To mimic inaccurate alignment of autologous nerve grafts with the injured nerve, a 20 mm portion of the sciatic nerve was excised, and sutured back in place in reversed direction. To validate the feasibility of our novel model, a fibrin gel conduit containing autologous undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells was applied around the coaptation sites and compared to autologous nerve grafts. After evaluating sciatic nerve function for 16 weeks postoperatively, animals were sacrificed, and gastrocnemius muscle weight was determined along with morphological parameters（g-ratio, axon density ＆ diameter） of regenerating axons. Interestingly, the addition of undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells resulted in a significantly improved re-myelination, axon ingrowth and functional outcome, when compared to animals without a cell seeded conduit. The presented model thus displays several intriguing features： it imitates a certain mismatch in size, distribution and orientation of axons within the nerve coaptation site. The fibrin conduit itself allows for an easy application of cells and, as a true critical-size defect model, any observed improvement relates directly to the performed intervention. Since fibrin and adipose-derived stem cells have been approved for human applications, the technique can theoretically be performed on humans. Thus, we suggest that the model is a powerful tool to investigate cell mediated assistance of peripheral nerve regeneration.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0909300 to Dong Yin)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82372617,81972658 and 81802812 to Li Peng,81803636 to Xiaoqing Yuan,82073067 and 81872140 to Dong Yin)+5 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024B1515020090,2023A1515012683,2019A1515012114 and 2018A030313129 to Li Peng,2024A1515030038 to Xiaoqing Yuan,2021A0505030084 and 2019B020226003 to Dong Yin)Basic and Applied Basic Research of Guangzhou Municipal Basic Research Plan(2024A03J0845 and 2023A04J2098 to Li Peng)National Postdoctoral Program for Innovation Talents(grant no.BX20190395 to Li Peng)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant no.2019M663254 to Li Peng)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant no.20ykpy105 to Li Peng)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2023B1212060013 and 2020B1212030004).
文摘Transcriptional dysregulation of genes is a hallmark of tumors and can serve as targets for cancer drug development.However,it is extremely challenging to develop small-molecule inhibitors to target abnormally expressed transcription factors(TFs)except for the nuclear receptor family of TFs.Little is known about the interaction between TFs and transcription cofactors in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma(GEA)or the therapeutic effects of targeting TF and transcription cofactor complexes.In this study,we found that ETS homologous factor(EHF)expression is promoted by a core transcriptional regulatory circuitry(CRC),specifically ELF3-KLF5-GATA6,and interference with its expression suppressed the malignant biological behavior of GEA cells.Importantly,we identified Ajuba LIM protein(AJUBA)as a new coactivator of EHF that cooperatively orchestrates transcriptional network activity in GEA.Furthermore,we identified KRAS signaling as a common pathway downstream of EHF and AJUBA.Applicably,dual targeting of EHF and AJUBA by lipid nanoparticles cooperatively attenuated the malignant biological behaviors of GEA in vitro and in vivo.In conclusion,EHF is upregulated by the CRC and promotes GEA malignancy by interacting with AJUBA through the KRAS pathway.Targeting of both EHF and its coactivator AJUBA through lipid nanoparticles is a novel potential therapeutic strategy.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Projects(Nos.2021ZD0202000,2021ZD0200800,and 2021ZD0200701)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0706200)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62227807,62202212,U21A20520,and U22A2033)the Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(No.23YFGA0004),China.
文摘Thalamocortical circuitry has a substantial impact on emotion and cognition.Previous studies have demonstrated alterations in thalamocortical functional connectivity(FC),characterized by region-dependent hypo-or hyper-connectivity,among individuals with major depressive disorder(MDD).However,the dynamical reconfiguration of the thalamocortical system over time and potential abnormalities in dynamic thalamocortical connectivity associated with MDD remain unclear.Hence,we analyzed dynamic FC(dFC)between ten thalamic subregions and seven cortical subnetworks from resting-state functional magnetic resonance images of 48 patients with MDD and 57 healthy controls(HCs)to investigate time-varying changes in thalamocortical FC in patients with MDD.Moreover,dynamic laterality analysis was conducted to examine the changes in functional lateralization of the thalamocortical system over time.Correlations between the dynamic measures of thalamocortical FC and clinical assessment were also calculated.We identified four dynamic states of thalamocortical circuitry wherein patients with MDD exhibited decreased fractional time and reduced transitions within a negative connectivity state that showed strong correlations with primary cortical networks,compared with the HCs.In addition,MDD patients also exhibited increased fluctuations in functional laterality in the thalamocortical system across the scan duration.The thalamo-subnetwork analysis unveiled abnormal dFC variability involving higher-order cortical networks in the MDD cohort.Significant correlations were found between increased dFC variability with dorsal attention and default mode networks and the severity of symptoms.Our study comprehensively investigated the pattern of alteration of the thalamocortical dFC in MDD patients.The heterogeneous alterations of dFC between the thalamus and both primary and higher-order cortical networks may help characterize the deficits of sensory and cognitive processing in MDD.
基金the Beijing Municipal Education Commission Science Technology Fund(No.KM201411232015)the Project of Construction of Innovative Teams and Teacher Career Development for Universities and Colleges Under Beijing Municipality(No.IDHT20130519)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61272375)
文摘A universal and low-cost temperature thermometer is realized via a special circuit,integrated circuit chip with microprocessor and analog to digital converter,and digital bus interface.Various thermocouples and resistance temperature detectors used for temperature sensing may be connected to same thermometer.A special signal condition circuitry is designed and a matching algorithm is proposed.A novel calibration method named disassembled calibration is proposed in order to enhance efficiency and flexibility for the whole system.Additionally,it presents a combination method of low order polynomial fitting and piecewise linearity for the nonlinearity calibration of the thermocouple and the resistance temperature detector.A cold junction compensation based on digital way is described.And the matching algorithm and calibration method may eliminate errors stemming from excitation voltage source and reference voltage source,and can weaken quantization error of analog to digital converter and drift of components,too.Furthermore,the 400 times oversampling is completed by sequential and equal interval sampling to upgrade accuracy of analog to digital converter from original 12 to 15 bits and to raise signal-to-noise ratio.Finally,during a long time monitoring,experiment results show that errors at each static point are less than±0.2°C for the thermocouple system and less than±0.1°C for the resistance temperature detector system.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61073049)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(Grant No.J50103)the Doctorate Foundation of Education Ministry of China(Grant No.20093108110016)
文摘A detailed experiment of 1-pixel bit reconfigurable ternary optical processor （TOP） is proposed in the paper. 42 basic operation units （BOUs） and 28 typical logic operators of the TOP are realized in the experiment. Results of the test cases elaborately cover the every combination of BOUs and all the nine inputs of ternary processor. Both the experiment process and results analysis are given in this paper. The experimental results demonstrate that the theory of reconfiguring a TOP is valid and that the reconfiguration circuitry is effective.
文摘This paper introduces a switched hyperchaotic system that changes its behavior randomly from one subsystem to another via two switch functions, and its characteristics of symmetry, dissipation, equilibrium, bifurcation diagram, basic dynamics have been analyzed. The hardware implementation of the system is based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). It is shown that the experimental results are identical with numerical simulations, and the chaotic trajectories are much more complex.
文摘Complex circuitry of electronic infrastructure of compact micro-grids with multiple renewable energy sources feeding the loads using parallel operation of inverters acts as a deterrent in developing such systems. This paper deals with applicable techniques reducing the driving circuits in parallel power inverters used in micro-grid system (MGS), mainly focused on the distributed generation (DG) in islanded mode. The method introduced in this paper, gives a minimal and compressed circuitry that can be implemented very cost-effectively with simple components. DC micro-grids are proposed and researched for the good connection with DC output type sources such as photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell, and secondary battery. In this paper, the electronic infrastructure of micro-grid is expressed. Then discussed the reasons for its complexity and the possibility of reducing the elements of electronic circuits are investigated. The reason for this is in order to compact DC micro-grid system for electrification to places like villages. Digital Simulation in Matlab Simulink is used to show the effectiveness of this novel driver topology for parallel operating inverters (NDTPI).
