Protein kinases are major players in various signal transduction pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses has become critical for developing and breeding c...Protein kinases are major players in various signal transduction pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses has become critical for developing and breeding climate-resilient crops. In this review,we summarize recent progress on understanding plant drought, salt, and cold stress responses, with a focus on signal perception and transduction by different protein kinases, especially sucrose nonfermenting1(SNF1)-related protein kinases(Sn RKs),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) cascades,calcium-dependent protein kinases(CDPKs/CPKs),and receptor-like kinases(RLKs). We also discuss future challenges in these research fields.展开更多
The increased prevalence of high temperatures （HTs） around the world is a major global concern, as they dramatically affect agronomic productivity. Upon HT exposure, plants sense the temperature change and initiate ...The increased prevalence of high temperatures （HTs） around the world is a major global concern, as they dramatically affect agronomic productivity. Upon HT exposure, plants sense the temperature change and initiate cellular and metabolic responses that enable them to adapt to their new environmental conditions.Decoding the mechanisms by which plants cope with HT will facilitate the development of molecular markers to enable the production of plants with improved thermotolerance. In recent decades, genetic, physiological, molecular, and biochemical studies have revealed a number of vital cellular components and processes involved in thermoresponsive growth and the acquisition of thermo- tolerance in plants. This review summarizes the major mechanisms involved in plant HT responses, with a special focus on recent discoveries related to plant thermosensing, heat stress signaling, and HT-regulated gene expression networks that promote plant adaptation to elevated environmental temperatures.展开更多
Patch clamp techniques were employed to investigate if calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) be involved in the signal transduction pathways of stomatal movement regulation by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA...Patch clamp techniques were employed to investigate if calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) be involved in the signal transduction pathways of stomatal movement regulation by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) in Vicia faba. Stomatal opening was completely inhibited by external application of 1 μmol/L ABA, and such ABA inhibition was significantly reversed by the addition of CDPK inhibitor trifluoperazine (TFP). The inward whole cell K + currents were inhibited by 60% in the presence of 1 μmol/L intracellular ABA, and this inhibition was completely abolished by the addition of CDPK competitive substrate histone Ⅲ S. The results suggest that CDPKs may be involved in the signal transduction cascades of ABA regulated stomatal movements.展开更多
钙依赖性蛋白激酶(calcium-dependent protein kinase,CDPK或CPK)是植物中最大的钙调蛋白激酶家族,其在植物体内可迅速感受瞬时Ca2+信号的变化,识别并磷酸化特异性底物后,通过信号的级联转导,引发各种生理反应,从而调控植物的生长发育...钙依赖性蛋白激酶(calcium-dependent protein kinase,CDPK或CPK)是植物中最大的钙调蛋白激酶家族,其在植物体内可迅速感受瞬时Ca2+信号的变化,识别并磷酸化特异性底物后,通过信号的级联转导,引发各种生理反应,从而调控植物的生长发育及对多种胁迫的响应.许多植物中均具有CDPKs,根据其氨基酸序列可分为四个家族(Ⅰ-Ⅳ).CDPKs分布广泛且具有不同的亚细胞定位,这使它们能“感知”局部Ca^(2+)浓度变化并与其靶标进行特异性相互作用,从而发挥不同的生物学功能.本文主要介绍了植物CDPK信号转导途径及CDPKs的生物学特性,在此基础上重点讨论了CDPKs的互作组分及其生物学功能.展开更多
Calcium-dependent protein kinases(CDPKs)act as key signal transduction enzymes in plants,especially in response to diverse stresses,including herbivory.In this study,a comprehensive analysis of the CDPK gene family in...Calcium-dependent protein kinases(CDPKs)act as key signal transduction enzymes in plants,especially in response to diverse stresses,including herbivory.In this study,a comprehensive analysis of the CDPK gene family in upland cotton revealed that GhCPKs are widely expressed in multiple cotton tissues and respond positively to various biotic and abiotic stresses.We developed a strategy for screening insect-resistance genes from a CRISPR-Cas9 mutant library of GhCPKs.The library was created using 246 single-guide RNAs targeting the GhCPK gene family to generate 518 independent T0 plants.The average target-gene coverage was 86.18%,the genome editing rate was 89.49%,and the editing heritability was 82%.An insect bioassay in the field led to identification of 14 GhCPK mutants that are resistant or susceptible to insects.The mutant that showed the clearest insect resistance,cpk33/74(in which the homologous genes GhCPK33 and GhCPK74 were knocked out),was selected for further study.Oral secretions from Spodoptera litura induced a rapid influx of Ca2+in cpk33/74 leaves,resulting in a significant increase in jasmonic acid content.S-adenosylmethionine synthase is an important protein involved in plant stress response,and protein interaction experiments provided evidence for interactions of GhCPK33 and GhCPK74 with GhSAMS1 and GhSAM2.In addition,virus-induced gene silencing of GhSAMS1 and GhSAM2 in cotton impaired defense against S.litura.This study demonstrates an effective strategy for constructing a mutant library of a gene family in a polyploid plant species and offers valuable insights into the role of CDPKs in the interaction between plants and herbivorous insects.展开更多
蛋白激酶是酶中的一个大家族,在诸如发育、自交不亲和、雄性不育、抗逆和抗病反应中起重要作用。为了促进蛋白激酶的研究,本文对植物蛋白激酶如:钙依赖蛋白激酶(Calcium-dependent calmodulin-independent protein kinases,CDPKs)、钙/...蛋白激酶是酶中的一个大家族,在诸如发育、自交不亲和、雄性不育、抗逆和抗病反应中起重要作用。为了促进蛋白激酶的研究,本文对植物蛋白激酶如:钙依赖蛋白激酶(Calcium-dependent calmodulin-independent protein kinases,CDPKs)、钙/钙调素依赖蛋白激酶(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase,Ca MK)、类受体蛋白激酶(Receptor-like kinases,RLKs)、促分裂原蛋白激酶(MAPK)、核糖体蛋白激酶(ribosomal-protein kinas)、转录调控蛋白激酶(transcription-regulation protein)的研究现状进行了综述。展开更多
植物钙依赖的蛋白激酶(Calcium-dependent protein kinases,CDPKs)是细胞Ca2+信号的受体,同时具有Ca2+受体蛋白和Ser/Thr蛋白激酶的功能。许多植物CDPKs基因受环境胁迫刺激发生表达水平的改变,这些基因在植物逆境胁迫的Ca2+信号转导中...植物钙依赖的蛋白激酶(Calcium-dependent protein kinases,CDPKs)是细胞Ca2+信号的受体,同时具有Ca2+受体蛋白和Ser/Thr蛋白激酶的功能。许多植物CDPKs基因受环境胁迫刺激发生表达水平的改变,这些基因在植物逆境胁迫的Ca2+信号转导中起着十分重要的作用,为植物CDPKs抗逆功能的研究和植物的抗逆遗传改良提供了理论基础和基因资源。展开更多
钙元素在植物体内具有重要的生物学作用,调控细胞壁形成、花粉管发育、生物和非生物胁迫信号传导等。钙依赖蛋白激酶(calcium dependent protein kinases,CDPKs)基因可以感知细胞内Ca2+浓度的变化并将它们转化为特异性磷酸化事件,启动...钙元素在植物体内具有重要的生物学作用,调控细胞壁形成、花粉管发育、生物和非生物胁迫信号传导等。钙依赖蛋白激酶(calcium dependent protein kinases,CDPKs)基因可以感知细胞内Ca2+浓度的变化并将它们转化为特异性磷酸化事件,启动下游信号传导过程。我们利用生物信息学数据和分析技术,鉴定出蒺藜苜蓿和天蓝苜蓿两个苜蓿品种中的CDPKs基因家族成员,并进行基因结构、进化和表达分析,初步预测了相关基因的功能。蒺藜苜蓿基因组中存在25个CDPKs基因,这些基因分成4个进化类群。蒺藜苜蓿CDPKs基因进化关系与拟南芥对应基因较近,与水稻较远。蒺藜苜蓿1号染色体上聚集的3个CDPKs基因Medtr1g041150、Medtr1g054865、Medtr1g055255序列高度相似,可能是1个基因扩增而来。利用已有的蒺藜苜蓿基因芯片表达数据,我们分析了蒺藜苜蓿CDPKs基因在不同器官以及不同处理下的表达情况,发现了多个与蒺藜苜蓿耐盐、抗根腐病菌侵染和根瘤生长过程相关的基因。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Natural National Science Foundation of China (31730007 and 31921001)the Beijing Outstanding University Discipline Program。
文摘Protein kinases are major players in various signal transduction pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses has become critical for developing and breeding climate-resilient crops. In this review,we summarize recent progress on understanding plant drought, salt, and cold stress responses, with a focus on signal perception and transduction by different protein kinases, especially sucrose nonfermenting1(SNF1)-related protein kinases(Sn RKs),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) cascades,calcium-dependent protein kinases(CDPKs/CPKs),and receptor-like kinases(RLKs). We also discuss future challenges in these research fields.
基金supported,in part,by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670265)the Science and Technology Department of Hebei Province(15966306D)
文摘The increased prevalence of high temperatures （HTs） around the world is a major global concern, as they dramatically affect agronomic productivity. Upon HT exposure, plants sense the temperature change and initiate cellular and metabolic responses that enable them to adapt to their new environmental conditions.Decoding the mechanisms by which plants cope with HT will facilitate the development of molecular markers to enable the production of plants with improved thermotolerance. In recent decades, genetic, physiological, molecular, and biochemical studies have revealed a number of vital cellular components and processes involved in thermoresponsive growth and the acquisition of thermo- tolerance in plants. This review summarizes the major mechanisms involved in plant HT responses, with a special focus on recent discoveries related to plant thermosensing, heat stress signaling, and HT-regulated gene expression networks that promote plant adaptation to elevated environmental temperatures.
文摘Patch clamp techniques were employed to investigate if calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) be involved in the signal transduction pathways of stomatal movement regulation by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) in Vicia faba. Stomatal opening was completely inhibited by external application of 1 μmol/L ABA, and such ABA inhibition was significantly reversed by the addition of CDPK inhibitor trifluoperazine (TFP). The inward whole cell K + currents were inhibited by 60% in the presence of 1 μmol/L intracellular ABA, and this inhibition was completely abolished by the addition of CDPK competitive substrate histone Ⅲ S. The results suggest that CDPKs may be involved in the signal transduction cascades of ABA regulated stomatal movements.
文摘钙依赖性蛋白激酶(calcium-dependent protein kinase,CDPK或CPK)是植物中最大的钙调蛋白激酶家族,其在植物体内可迅速感受瞬时Ca2+信号的变化,识别并磷酸化特异性底物后,通过信号的级联转导,引发各种生理反应,从而调控植物的生长发育及对多种胁迫的响应.许多植物中均具有CDPKs,根据其氨基酸序列可分为四个家族(Ⅰ-Ⅳ).CDPKs分布广泛且具有不同的亚细胞定位,这使它们能“感知”局部Ca^(2+)浓度变化并与其靶标进行特异性相互作用,从而发挥不同的生物学功能.本文主要介绍了植物CDPK信号转导途径及CDPKs的生物学特性,在此基础上重点讨论了CDPKs的互作组分及其生物学功能.
基金Biological Breeding of Stress Tolerant and High Yield Cotton Varieties(2023ZD04040)to L.M.National Natural Science Fund of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(32325039)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272128)to S.J.,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32401780)Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(222102110151)to S.L.,Major Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023A02003-2)to B.L.
文摘Calcium-dependent protein kinases(CDPKs)act as key signal transduction enzymes in plants,especially in response to diverse stresses,including herbivory.In this study,a comprehensive analysis of the CDPK gene family in upland cotton revealed that GhCPKs are widely expressed in multiple cotton tissues and respond positively to various biotic and abiotic stresses.We developed a strategy for screening insect-resistance genes from a CRISPR-Cas9 mutant library of GhCPKs.The library was created using 246 single-guide RNAs targeting the GhCPK gene family to generate 518 independent T0 plants.The average target-gene coverage was 86.18%,the genome editing rate was 89.49%,and the editing heritability was 82%.An insect bioassay in the field led to identification of 14 GhCPK mutants that are resistant or susceptible to insects.The mutant that showed the clearest insect resistance,cpk33/74(in which the homologous genes GhCPK33 and GhCPK74 were knocked out),was selected for further study.Oral secretions from Spodoptera litura induced a rapid influx of Ca2+in cpk33/74 leaves,resulting in a significant increase in jasmonic acid content.S-adenosylmethionine synthase is an important protein involved in plant stress response,and protein interaction experiments provided evidence for interactions of GhCPK33 and GhCPK74 with GhSAMS1 and GhSAM2.In addition,virus-induced gene silencing of GhSAMS1 and GhSAM2 in cotton impaired defense against S.litura.This study demonstrates an effective strategy for constructing a mutant library of a gene family in a polyploid plant species and offers valuable insights into the role of CDPKs in the interaction between plants and herbivorous insects.
文摘蛋白激酶是酶中的一个大家族,在诸如发育、自交不亲和、雄性不育、抗逆和抗病反应中起重要作用。为了促进蛋白激酶的研究,本文对植物蛋白激酶如:钙依赖蛋白激酶(Calcium-dependent calmodulin-independent protein kinases,CDPKs)、钙/钙调素依赖蛋白激酶(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase,Ca MK)、类受体蛋白激酶(Receptor-like kinases,RLKs)、促分裂原蛋白激酶(MAPK)、核糖体蛋白激酶(ribosomal-protein kinas)、转录调控蛋白激酶(transcription-regulation protein)的研究现状进行了综述。
文摘植物钙依赖的蛋白激酶(Calcium-dependent protein kinases,CDPKs)是细胞Ca2+信号的受体,同时具有Ca2+受体蛋白和Ser/Thr蛋白激酶的功能。许多植物CDPKs基因受环境胁迫刺激发生表达水平的改变,这些基因在植物逆境胁迫的Ca2+信号转导中起着十分重要的作用,为植物CDPKs抗逆功能的研究和植物的抗逆遗传改良提供了理论基础和基因资源。
文摘钙元素在植物体内具有重要的生物学作用,调控细胞壁形成、花粉管发育、生物和非生物胁迫信号传导等。钙依赖蛋白激酶(calcium dependent protein kinases,CDPKs)基因可以感知细胞内Ca2+浓度的变化并将它们转化为特异性磷酸化事件,启动下游信号传导过程。我们利用生物信息学数据和分析技术,鉴定出蒺藜苜蓿和天蓝苜蓿两个苜蓿品种中的CDPKs基因家族成员,并进行基因结构、进化和表达分析,初步预测了相关基因的功能。蒺藜苜蓿基因组中存在25个CDPKs基因,这些基因分成4个进化类群。蒺藜苜蓿CDPKs基因进化关系与拟南芥对应基因较近,与水稻较远。蒺藜苜蓿1号染色体上聚集的3个CDPKs基因Medtr1g041150、Medtr1g054865、Medtr1g055255序列高度相似,可能是1个基因扩增而来。利用已有的蒺藜苜蓿基因芯片表达数据,我们分析了蒺藜苜蓿CDPKs基因在不同器官以及不同处理下的表达情况,发现了多个与蒺藜苜蓿耐盐、抗根腐病菌侵染和根瘤生长过程相关的基因。
