Objective:This study was performed to explore the possible changes of the serum levels of the cytokines including interleukin 1α(IL-1α),chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1(also known as chemokine[C-C motif]liga...Objective:This study was performed to explore the possible changes of the serum levels of the cytokines including interleukin 1α(IL-1α),chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1(also known as chemokine[C-C motif]ligand 2[CCL2]),and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2(CXCL2)in patients with pemphigus.Methods:The expression levels of IL-1α,CCL2,and CXCL2 in the serum of 57 patients with pemphigus PV(including 42 patients in progressive stage and 15 patients in remission stage)and 31 healthy controls were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The indepent-samples t-test was used to compare the two groups.Oneway analysis of variance was used for multiple-group comparisons,and the post-hoc least significant difference test was used to detect differences among multiple groups.Results:The serum expression levels of CCL2 and IL-1a were all significantly higher in the patients in progressive stage than in the controls([2.69±0.23]ng/mL vs.[2.55±0.28]ng/mL,P=0.043;[0.62±0.27]ng/mL vs.[0.48±0.23]ng/mL,P=0.038,respectively).In addition,the serum expression level of CXCL2 was significantly higher in patients in progressive stage than in in the remission stage([61.70±46.38]ng/mL vs.[24.97±18.46]ng/mL,P=0.037).Sex,disease classification,disease severity,treatment,and mucosal involvement had no significant influence on the expression of IL-1α,CCL2,or CXCL2 in the serum of patients groups and controls(all P>0.05).Conclusion:IL-1α,CCL2,and CXCL2 are heavily involved in the occurrence and development of pemphigus and may be related to the activity of the disease.展开更多
We previously reported that postsynaptic density-93 mediates neuron-microglia crosstalk by interacting with amino acids 357–395 of C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1(CX3 CL1) to induce microglia polarization. More impor...We previously reported that postsynaptic density-93 mediates neuron-microglia crosstalk by interacting with amino acids 357–395 of C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1(CX3 CL1) to induce microglia polarization. More importantly, the peptide Tat-CX3 CL1(comprising amino acids 357–395 of CX3 CL1) disrupts the interaction between postsynaptic density-93 and CX3 CL1, reducing neurological impairment and exerting a protective effect in the context of acute ischemic stroke. However, the mechanism underlying these effects remains unclear. In the current study, we found that the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype increased and the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype decreased at different time points. The M1 phenotype increased at 6 hours after stroke and peaked at 24 hours after perfusion, whereas the M2 phenotype decreased at 6 and 24 hours following reperfusion. We found that the peptide Tat-CX3 CL1(357–395 aa) facilitates microglial polarization from M1 to M2 by reducing the production of soluble CX3 CL1. Furthermore, the a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 17(ADAM17) inhibitor GW280264 x, which inhibits metalloprotease activity and prevents CX3 CL1 from being sheared into its soluble form, facilitated microglial polarization from M1 to M2 by inhibiting soluble CX3 CL1 formation. Additionally, Tat-CX3 CL1(357–395 aa) attenuated long-term cognitive deficits and improved white matter integrity as determined by the Morris water maze test at 31–34 days following surgery and immunofluorescence staining at 35 days after stroke, respectively. In conclusion, Tat-CX3 CL1(357–395 aa) facilitates functional recovery after ischemic stroke by promoting microglial polarization from M1 to M2. Therefore, the Tat-CX3 CL1(357–395 aa) is a potential therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.展开更多
Background:Macrophages play an important role in renal ischemia reperfusion injury,but the functional changes of macrophages under hypoxia/reoxygenation and the related mechanism are unclear and need to be further cla...Background:Macrophages play an important role in renal ischemia reperfusion injury,but the functional changes of macrophages under hypoxia/reoxygenation and the related mechanism are unclear and need to be further clarified.Methods:The effects of hypoxia/reoxygenation on functional characteristics of RAW264.7 macrophages were analyzed through the protein expression detection of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-αand CD80,anti-inflammatory factors ARG-1 and CD206.The functional implications of C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1)down-regulation in hypoxic macrophages were explored using small interfering RNA technology.Significance was assessed by the parametrict-test or nonparametric Mann-Whitney test for two group comparisons,and a one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple group comparisons.Results:Hypoxia/reoxygenation significantly increased the protein expression of M1-related pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α,CD80 and chemokine C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1(CX3CL1)/CX3CR1 and inhibited the protein expression of M2-related anti-inflammatory factors ARG-1 and CD206 in a time-dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells.However,the silencing of CX3CR1 in RAW264.7 cells using specific CX3CR1-siRNA,significantly attenuated the increase in protein expression of TNF-α(P<0.05)and CD80(P<0.01)and the inhibition of ARG-1(P<0.01)and CD206(P<0.01)induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation.In addition,we also found that hypoxia/reoxygenation could significantly enhance the migration(2.2-fold,P<0.01)and adhesion capacity(1.5-fold,P<0.01)of RAW264.7 macrophages compared with the control group,and CX3CR1-siRNA had an inhibitory role(40%and 20%reduction,respectively).For elucidating the mechanism,we showed that the phosphorylation levels of ERK(P<0.01)and the p65 subunit of NF-κB(P<0.01)of the RAW264.7 cells in the hypoxic/reoxygenation group were significantly increased,which could be attenuated by down-regulation of CX3CR1 expression(P<0.01,both).ERK inhibitors also significantly blocked the effects of hypoxic/reoxygenation on 展开更多
目的探究肺结核(pulmonary tuberculosis,PTB)患者血清CXC趋化因子配体8(C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8,CXCL8)、调节活化正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(regulate upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted,RANTES)水平与治...目的探究肺结核(pulmonary tuberculosis,PTB)患者血清CXC趋化因子配体8(C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8,CXCL8)、调节活化正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(regulate upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted,RANTES)水平与治疗效果的关系。方法选取2020年2月至2021年2月温州医科大学附属衢州医院收治的450例初诊涂阳的PTB患者为研究对象。所有患者均采用标准抗PTB治疗,根据治疗效果分为有效组(n=383)和无效组(n=67)。比较两组一般资料及血清CXCL8、RANTES水平,采用Logistic回归分析PTB患者治疗效果的影响因素以及CXCL8、RANTES对PTB患者治疗效果的预测价值。结果治疗后,450例PTB患者治疗有效率为85.11%。无效组的全程督导占比低于有效组,吸烟、外地户籍占比及治疗前血清CXCL8、RANTES水平高于有效组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),性别、职业、年龄比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟、户籍类型、CXCL8及管理方式是PTB患者治疗无效的影响因素(P<0.05)。血清CXCL8、RANTES预测PTB患者治疗效果的曲线下面积(areas under the curve,AUC)分别为0.877、0.865,敏感度分别为77.6%、79.1%,特异性分别为88.3%、89.3%;CXCL8、RANTES联合预测PTB患者治疗效果的AUC为0.955,敏感度为94.0%,特异性为85.4%。结论血清CXCL8、RANTES高水平与PTB患者治疗不良密切相关,检测血清CXCL8、RANTES有利于评估PTB患者治疗效果,且二者联合预测效果更佳。展开更多
目的探讨CXC趋化因子配体10(C-H-C motif chemokine ligand 10,CXCL10)基因rs56061981单核苷酸多态性与乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)相关慢加急性肝衰竭(hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure,HBV-ACLF)...目的探讨CXC趋化因子配体10(C-H-C motif chemokine ligand 10,CXCL10)基因rs56061981单核苷酸多态性与乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)相关慢加急性肝衰竭(hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure,HBV-ACLF)发病风险及病情严重程度的关系。方法收集86例HBV-ACLF和42例慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者入院时的血液标本。常规方法检测患者血清丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine transferase,ALT)、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBil)、国际标准化比值(international standard ratio,INR)、肌酐(creatinine,Cr)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)和胆碱酯酶(cholinesterase,CHE),计算终末期肝病模型(model for end-stage liver disease,MELD)评分,荧光定量PCR方法检测患者外周血单个核细胞CXCL10 mRNA水平,DNA测序法检测CXCL10基因rs56061981位点基因型。卡方检验比较ACLF和CHB组的基因型和等位基因型频率的差异。按是否携带T等位基因分组,t检验比较两组ALT、TBil、INR、MELD、ALB、CHE及CXCL10 mRNA水平的差异。结果CHB组和HBV-ACLF组比较,性别、年龄、酗酒史、吸烟史、HBV基因型、HBeAg状态和HBV-DNA水平等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ACLF组CXCL10基因rs56061981位点CT+TT基因型频率和T等位基因频率均明显高于CHB组(χ^(2)=4.83,P=0.03和χ^(2)=4.95,P=0.03),有显著性差异。基因型CT+TT是CHB进展成HBV-ACLF的危险因素(OR=2.897,95%CI:1.09~7.68);等位基因T是CHB进展成HBV-ACLF的危险因素(OR=2.746,95%CI:1.10~6.89)。携带T等位基因的ACLF个体血浆INR值和MELD评分明显高于携带C等位基因的个体(t=2.63,P=0.013和t=2.7,P=0.011),有显著性差异。ALB和CHE明显低于携带C等位基因的个体(t=2.67,P=0.01和t=3.545,P=0.001),有显著性差异。而两组间血清TBiL和ALT差异无统计学意义。结论CXCL10基因rs56061981单核苷酸多态性与HBV-ACLF易感性及严重程度存在显著关联。等位基因T可能是HBV-ACLF的易感基因,可以作为患者病情严重程度的预测指展开更多
A correct antibody response requires the participation of both B and T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells. In this review we address the role of follicular helper T lymphocytes(T FH) in this reaction. We shall f...A correct antibody response requires the participation of both B and T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells. In this review we address the role of follicular helper T lymphocytes(T FH) in this reaction. We shall focus on the regulation of their development and function in health and disease. T FH can be characterized on the basis of their phenotype and the pattern of secretion of cytokines. This fact is useful to study their participation in the generation of antibody deficiency in primary immunodeficiency diseases such as common variable immunodeficiency, X-linked hyper Ig M syndrome orX-linked lymphoproliferative disease. Increased numbers of T FH have been demonstrated in several autoimmune diseases and are thought to play a role in the development of autoantibodies. In chronic viral infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B or C virus, increased circulating T FH have been observed, but their role in the protective immune response to these agents is under discussion. Likewise, an important role of T FH in the control of some experimental protozoan infections has been proposed, and it will be important to assess their relevance in order to design effective vaccination strategies.展开更多
文摘Objective:This study was performed to explore the possible changes of the serum levels of the cytokines including interleukin 1α(IL-1α),chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1(also known as chemokine[C-C motif]ligand 2[CCL2]),and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2(CXCL2)in patients with pemphigus.Methods:The expression levels of IL-1α,CCL2,and CXCL2 in the serum of 57 patients with pemphigus PV(including 42 patients in progressive stage and 15 patients in remission stage)and 31 healthy controls were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The indepent-samples t-test was used to compare the two groups.Oneway analysis of variance was used for multiple-group comparisons,and the post-hoc least significant difference test was used to detect differences among multiple groups.Results:The serum expression levels of CCL2 and IL-1a were all significantly higher in the patients in progressive stage than in the controls([2.69±0.23]ng/mL vs.[2.55±0.28]ng/mL,P=0.043;[0.62±0.27]ng/mL vs.[0.48±0.23]ng/mL,P=0.038,respectively).In addition,the serum expression level of CXCL2 was significantly higher in patients in progressive stage than in in the remission stage([61.70±46.38]ng/mL vs.[24.97±18.46]ng/mL,P=0.037).Sex,disease classification,disease severity,treatment,and mucosal involvement had no significant influence on the expression of IL-1α,CCL2,or CXCL2 in the serum of patients groups and controls(all P>0.05).Conclusion:IL-1α,CCL2,and CXCL2 are heavily involved in the occurrence and development of pemphigus and may be related to the activity of the disease.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos. 82071304 (to QXZ), 81671149 (to QXZ),and 81971179 (to XML)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Nos. BK20191463 (to XML) and BK20161167 (to QXZ)。
文摘We previously reported that postsynaptic density-93 mediates neuron-microglia crosstalk by interacting with amino acids 357–395 of C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1(CX3 CL1) to induce microglia polarization. More importantly, the peptide Tat-CX3 CL1(comprising amino acids 357–395 of CX3 CL1) disrupts the interaction between postsynaptic density-93 and CX3 CL1, reducing neurological impairment and exerting a protective effect in the context of acute ischemic stroke. However, the mechanism underlying these effects remains unclear. In the current study, we found that the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype increased and the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype decreased at different time points. The M1 phenotype increased at 6 hours after stroke and peaked at 24 hours after perfusion, whereas the M2 phenotype decreased at 6 and 24 hours following reperfusion. We found that the peptide Tat-CX3 CL1(357–395 aa) facilitates microglial polarization from M1 to M2 by reducing the production of soluble CX3 CL1. Furthermore, the a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 17(ADAM17) inhibitor GW280264 x, which inhibits metalloprotease activity and prevents CX3 CL1 from being sheared into its soluble form, facilitated microglial polarization from M1 to M2 by inhibiting soluble CX3 CL1 formation. Additionally, Tat-CX3 CL1(357–395 aa) attenuated long-term cognitive deficits and improved white matter integrity as determined by the Morris water maze test at 31–34 days following surgery and immunofluorescence staining at 35 days after stroke, respectively. In conclusion, Tat-CX3 CL1(357–395 aa) facilitates functional recovery after ischemic stroke by promoting microglial polarization from M1 to M2. Therefore, the Tat-CX3 CL1(357–395 aa) is a potential therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.
基金supported by Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.2014KYQD01,2018YJJA04)。
文摘Background:Macrophages play an important role in renal ischemia reperfusion injury,but the functional changes of macrophages under hypoxia/reoxygenation and the related mechanism are unclear and need to be further clarified.Methods:The effects of hypoxia/reoxygenation on functional characteristics of RAW264.7 macrophages were analyzed through the protein expression detection of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-αand CD80,anti-inflammatory factors ARG-1 and CD206.The functional implications of C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1)down-regulation in hypoxic macrophages were explored using small interfering RNA technology.Significance was assessed by the parametrict-test or nonparametric Mann-Whitney test for two group comparisons,and a one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple group comparisons.Results:Hypoxia/reoxygenation significantly increased the protein expression of M1-related pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α,CD80 and chemokine C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1(CX3CL1)/CX3CR1 and inhibited the protein expression of M2-related anti-inflammatory factors ARG-1 and CD206 in a time-dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells.However,the silencing of CX3CR1 in RAW264.7 cells using specific CX3CR1-siRNA,significantly attenuated the increase in protein expression of TNF-α(P<0.05)and CD80(P<0.01)and the inhibition of ARG-1(P<0.01)and CD206(P<0.01)induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation.In addition,we also found that hypoxia/reoxygenation could significantly enhance the migration(2.2-fold,P<0.01)and adhesion capacity(1.5-fold,P<0.01)of RAW264.7 macrophages compared with the control group,and CX3CR1-siRNA had an inhibitory role(40%and 20%reduction,respectively).For elucidating the mechanism,we showed that the phosphorylation levels of ERK(P<0.01)and the p65 subunit of NF-κB(P<0.01)of the RAW264.7 cells in the hypoxic/reoxygenation group were significantly increased,which could be attenuated by down-regulation of CX3CR1 expression(P<0.01,both).ERK inhibitors also significantly blocked the effects of hypoxic/reoxygenation on
文摘目的探究肺结核(pulmonary tuberculosis,PTB)患者血清CXC趋化因子配体8(C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8,CXCL8)、调节活化正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(regulate upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted,RANTES)水平与治疗效果的关系。方法选取2020年2月至2021年2月温州医科大学附属衢州医院收治的450例初诊涂阳的PTB患者为研究对象。所有患者均采用标准抗PTB治疗,根据治疗效果分为有效组(n=383)和无效组(n=67)。比较两组一般资料及血清CXCL8、RANTES水平,采用Logistic回归分析PTB患者治疗效果的影响因素以及CXCL8、RANTES对PTB患者治疗效果的预测价值。结果治疗后,450例PTB患者治疗有效率为85.11%。无效组的全程督导占比低于有效组,吸烟、外地户籍占比及治疗前血清CXCL8、RANTES水平高于有效组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),性别、职业、年龄比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟、户籍类型、CXCL8及管理方式是PTB患者治疗无效的影响因素(P<0.05)。血清CXCL8、RANTES预测PTB患者治疗效果的曲线下面积(areas under the curve,AUC)分别为0.877、0.865,敏感度分别为77.6%、79.1%,特异性分别为88.3%、89.3%;CXCL8、RANTES联合预测PTB患者治疗效果的AUC为0.955,敏感度为94.0%,特异性为85.4%。结论血清CXCL8、RANTES高水平与PTB患者治疗不良密切相关,检测血清CXCL8、RANTES有利于评估PTB患者治疗效果,且二者联合预测效果更佳。
文摘目的探讨CXC趋化因子配体10(C-H-C motif chemokine ligand 10,CXCL10)基因rs56061981单核苷酸多态性与乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)相关慢加急性肝衰竭(hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure,HBV-ACLF)发病风险及病情严重程度的关系。方法收集86例HBV-ACLF和42例慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者入院时的血液标本。常规方法检测患者血清丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine transferase,ALT)、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBil)、国际标准化比值(international standard ratio,INR)、肌酐(creatinine,Cr)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)和胆碱酯酶(cholinesterase,CHE),计算终末期肝病模型(model for end-stage liver disease,MELD)评分,荧光定量PCR方法检测患者外周血单个核细胞CXCL10 mRNA水平,DNA测序法检测CXCL10基因rs56061981位点基因型。卡方检验比较ACLF和CHB组的基因型和等位基因型频率的差异。按是否携带T等位基因分组,t检验比较两组ALT、TBil、INR、MELD、ALB、CHE及CXCL10 mRNA水平的差异。结果CHB组和HBV-ACLF组比较,性别、年龄、酗酒史、吸烟史、HBV基因型、HBeAg状态和HBV-DNA水平等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ACLF组CXCL10基因rs56061981位点CT+TT基因型频率和T等位基因频率均明显高于CHB组(χ^(2)=4.83,P=0.03和χ^(2)=4.95,P=0.03),有显著性差异。基因型CT+TT是CHB进展成HBV-ACLF的危险因素(OR=2.897,95%CI:1.09~7.68);等位基因T是CHB进展成HBV-ACLF的危险因素(OR=2.746,95%CI:1.10~6.89)。携带T等位基因的ACLF个体血浆INR值和MELD评分明显高于携带C等位基因的个体(t=2.63,P=0.013和t=2.7,P=0.011),有显著性差异。ALB和CHE明显低于携带C等位基因的个体(t=2.67,P=0.01和t=3.545,P=0.001),有显著性差异。而两组间血清TBiL和ALT差异无统计学意义。结论CXCL10基因rs56061981单核苷酸多态性与HBV-ACLF易感性及严重程度存在显著关联。等位基因T可能是HBV-ACLF的易感基因,可以作为患者病情严重程度的预测指
基金Supported by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas,CONICET,PIP Nos.0032 and 11220120100619CO
文摘A correct antibody response requires the participation of both B and T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells. In this review we address the role of follicular helper T lymphocytes(T FH) in this reaction. We shall focus on the regulation of their development and function in health and disease. T FH can be characterized on the basis of their phenotype and the pattern of secretion of cytokines. This fact is useful to study their participation in the generation of antibody deficiency in primary immunodeficiency diseases such as common variable immunodeficiency, X-linked hyper Ig M syndrome orX-linked lymphoproliferative disease. Increased numbers of T FH have been demonstrated in several autoimmune diseases and are thought to play a role in the development of autoantibodies. In chronic viral infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B or C virus, increased circulating T FH have been observed, but their role in the protective immune response to these agents is under discussion. Likewise, an important role of T FH in the control of some experimental protozoan infections has been proposed, and it will be important to assess their relevance in order to design effective vaccination strategies.
