Few studies have analyzed climate change perceptions in the disaster risk management sector.This research aimed to understand how civil defense experts are dealing with the climate change topic:what they learn and thi...Few studies have analyzed climate change perceptions in the disaster risk management sector.This research aimed to understand how civil defense experts are dealing with the climate change topic:what they learn and think about.An online survey was conducted between October and December 2021 with 1,063 participants from civil defense agencies in Brazil.The findings indicate:(1) most(80.6%) civil defense officers completely agreed that climate change will cause additional challenges to disaster risk management,while 10.1% stated that they are prepared to deal with it;(2) one quarter of the respondents(26.3%) completely agreed that they easily understand the information about climate change,but trust in the sources of information is a challenge-52.4% completely agreed and 40.5% partially agreed with information provided by scientists,but the levels of trust were reduced when referring to governments and press;and(3) about 30% of the respondents thought that civil defense work is associated with the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),despite SDGs 11 and 13 being related to disasters and climate change.The identification of civil defense’ perceptions on climate change is an important step in seeking pathways for increasing capacity building to achieve disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation.展开更多
People with visual impairments(PwVI)represent a heterogeneous social group who often experience significant disabling barriers in exercising their rights throughout their life course.Understanding dimensions of vulner...People with visual impairments(PwVI)represent a heterogeneous social group who often experience significant disabling barriers in exercising their rights throughout their life course.Understanding dimensions of vulnerability of PwVI to disasters and climate change is an important issue to reduce the culture of neglected disasters.To date,few studies have analyzed visual impairment and disaster risk reduction(DRR)in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean.This exploratory qualitative research project analyzed how to include PwVI in the DRR policies of Brazil.The research question is:how can we include PwVI in the discussion of DRR and climate change?The response to this question is part of a joint effort that involved a university,a hazard monitoring agency,and three institutions that work with PwVI.The three main results of the project are:(1)a mapping method to identify the exposure of PwVI to landslides and floods,and to create tactile risk maps tailored to them;(2)incorporating the voices of PwVI regarding their vulnerabilities and capacities with respect to disasters and climate change,achieved through shared interaction during 15 face to face interviews and one workshop attended by 100 people;and(3)an initiative of inclusive education to reduce some of the disabling barriers that intensify vulnerability.展开更多
Building national people-centered early warning systems(EWS) is strongly recommended by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction(UNISDR). Most of the scientific literature is critical of the co...Building national people-centered early warning systems(EWS) is strongly recommended by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction(UNISDR). Most of the scientific literature is critical of the conventional view of EWS as a linear model with a topdown approach, in which technological features are given more attention than human factors. It is argued that EWS should be people-centered, and used for risk prevention,with an emphasis on resilience, rather than only being triggered when a hazard occurs. However, both the UNISDR and the literature fail to say how a people-centered EWS should be built, and what steps are needed to put EWS into effect. This article examines the obstacles and measures required to promote people-centered EWS,with a focus on the situation in Brazil. After assessing the institutional vulnerability of EWS, we analyze some measures that can be taken to reduce institutional vulnerability,based on experiences with a participatory citizen science educational project that involved high school students.Some guidelines are developed for adopting a bottom-up approach towards achieving the four elements of EWS—risk knowledge, monitoring, communication of warnings,and response capability—with the help of school curricula.展开更多
基金The authors acknowledge the state and municipal civil defense personnel in Brazil.Victor Marchezini acknowledges the São Paulo Research Foundation-Fapesp(Grant Number 2018/06093-4)JoséA.Marengo thanks the support of the National Institute of Science and Technology for Climate Change Phase 2 under CNPq Grant 465501/2014-1+1 种基金FAPESP Grants 2014/50848-9the National Coordination for Higher Education and Training(CAPES)Grant 88887.136402-00INCT.
文摘Few studies have analyzed climate change perceptions in the disaster risk management sector.This research aimed to understand how civil defense experts are dealing with the climate change topic:what they learn and think about.An online survey was conducted between October and December 2021 with 1,063 participants from civil defense agencies in Brazil.The findings indicate:(1) most(80.6%) civil defense officers completely agreed that climate change will cause additional challenges to disaster risk management,while 10.1% stated that they are prepared to deal with it;(2) one quarter of the respondents(26.3%) completely agreed that they easily understand the information about climate change,but trust in the sources of information is a challenge-52.4% completely agreed and 40.5% partially agreed with information provided by scientists,but the levels of trust were reduced when referring to governments and press;and(3) about 30% of the respondents thought that civil defense work is associated with the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),despite SDGs 11 and 13 being related to disasters and climate change.The identification of civil defense’ perceptions on climate change is an important step in seeking pathways for increasing capacity building to achieve disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation.
基金the Sao Paulo Research Foundation–Fapesp (Grant Number 2018/06093-4).
文摘People with visual impairments(PwVI)represent a heterogeneous social group who often experience significant disabling barriers in exercising their rights throughout their life course.Understanding dimensions of vulnerability of PwVI to disasters and climate change is an important issue to reduce the culture of neglected disasters.To date,few studies have analyzed visual impairment and disaster risk reduction(DRR)in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean.This exploratory qualitative research project analyzed how to include PwVI in the DRR policies of Brazil.The research question is:how can we include PwVI in the discussion of DRR and climate change?The response to this question is part of a joint effort that involved a university,a hazard monitoring agency,and three institutions that work with PwVI.The three main results of the project are:(1)a mapping method to identify the exposure of PwVI to landslides and floods,and to create tactile risk maps tailored to them;(2)incorporating the voices of PwVI regarding their vulnerabilities and capacities with respect to disasters and climate change,achieved through shared interaction during 15 face to face interviews and one workshop attended by 100 people;and(3)an initiative of inclusive education to reduce some of the disabling barriers that intensify vulnerability.
基金provided by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil
文摘Building national people-centered early warning systems(EWS) is strongly recommended by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction(UNISDR). Most of the scientific literature is critical of the conventional view of EWS as a linear model with a topdown approach, in which technological features are given more attention than human factors. It is argued that EWS should be people-centered, and used for risk prevention,with an emphasis on resilience, rather than only being triggered when a hazard occurs. However, both the UNISDR and the literature fail to say how a people-centered EWS should be built, and what steps are needed to put EWS into effect. This article examines the obstacles and measures required to promote people-centered EWS,with a focus on the situation in Brazil. After assessing the institutional vulnerability of EWS, we analyze some measures that can be taken to reduce institutional vulnerability,based on experiences with a participatory citizen science educational project that involved high school students.Some guidelines are developed for adopting a bottom-up approach towards achieving the four elements of EWS—risk knowledge, monitoring, communication of warnings,and response capability—with the help of school curricula.
