背景:创伤性脑损伤具有和缺血性脑损伤相类似的缺血缺氧等病理改变,研究发现槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤治疗中有显著效果。目的:综述槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤治疗中的研究现状和展望。方法:应用计算机检索万方、中国知网(CNKI)和PubMed生物医学...背景:创伤性脑损伤具有和缺血性脑损伤相类似的缺血缺氧等病理改变,研究发现槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤治疗中有显著效果。目的:综述槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤治疗中的研究现状和展望。方法:应用计算机检索万方、中国知网(CNKI)和PubMed生物医学数据库,检索时间为1900年至2018年12月,中文检索关键词为“槲皮素和脑损伤;槲皮素和创伤性脑损伤;槲皮素和氧化反应;槲皮素和神经细胞凋亡;槲皮素和炎症因子;创伤性脑损伤和氧化反应;创伤性脑损伤和神经细胞凋亡;创伤性脑损伤和炎症因子;槲皮素和生物安全性”,英文检索关键词为“Quercetin and Brain Injury;Quercetin and Traumatic Brain Injury;Quercetin and oxidation reaction;Quercetin and neurons apoptosis;Quercetin and inflammatory factor;Traumatic Brain Injury and oxidation reaction;Traumatic Brain Injury and apoptosis;Traumatic Brain Injury and inflammatory factor;Quercetin and biosafety”,纳入有关槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤中作用的相关论文报道和综述。结果和结论:槲皮素可以通过调节氧化应激反应中的抗氧化酶实现自身对活性氧的清除,并促进线粒体自身的生物合成来改善线粒体的能量代谢,进一步保护神经元细胞内的线粒体。槲皮素还可通过抑制磷酸激酶C(PKC)的活性及转运,拮抗钠离子内流,从而抑制组胺、前列腺素等炎症递质的释放,缓解炎症。使用槲皮素治疗后可以通过激活PI3K/Akt通路并抑制ERK1/2信号通路从而减弱神经元细胞的自噬和凋亡,达到改善神经功能缺损和认知功能的作用。动物安全性评价实验提示,在合理剂量范围内可以认为槲皮素的安全性较高。槲皮素对创伤性脑损伤有显著治疗效果,与其具有清除氧自由基、保护线粒体、拮抗炎症反应和减少神经元细胞凋亡等有关。槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤治疗中的潜在分子机制和临床应用仍需不断研究。展开更多
Electroacupuncture attenuates cerebral hypoxia and neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.To further identify the involved mechanisms,we assumed that electroacupuncture used to treat cerebr...Electroacupuncture attenuates cerebral hypoxia and neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.To further identify the involved mechanisms,we assumed that electroacupuncture used to treat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was associated with the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） signaling pathway.We established rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using the modified Zea-Longa＇s method.At 30 minutes before model establishment,p38 MAPK blocker SB20358 was injected into the left lateral ventricles.At 1.5 hours after model establishment,electroacupuncture was administered at acupoints of Chize（LU5）,Hegu（LI4）,Zusanli（ST36）,and Sanyinjiao（SP6） for 20 minutes in the affected side.Results showed that the combination of EA and SB20358 injection significantly decreased neurologic impairment scores,but no significant differences were determined among different interventional groups.Hematoxylin-eosin staining also showed reduced brain tissue injuries.Compared with the SB20358 group,the cells were regularly arranged,the structures were complete,and the number of viable neurons was higher in the SB20358 ＋ electroacupuncture group.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase（Td T）-mediated d UTP nick-end labeling assay showed a decreased apoptotic index in each group,with a significant decrease in the SB20358 ＋ electroacupuncture group.Immunohistochemistry revealed reduced phosphorylated p38 expression at 3 days in the electroacupuncture group and SB20358 ＋ electroacupuncture group compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group.There was no significant difference in phosphorylated p38 expression between the ischemia/reperfusion group and SB20358 group.These findings confirmed that the electroacupuncture effects on mitigating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury are possibly associated with the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.A time period of 3 days could promote the repair of ischemic cerebral nerves.展开更多
Neural stem cell transplantation is a useful treatment for ischemic stroke, but apoptosis often occurs in the hypoxic-ischemic environment of the brain after cell transplantation. In this study, we determined if mild ...Neural stem cell transplantation is a useful treatment for ischemic stroke, but apoptosis often occurs in the hypoxic-ischemic environment of the brain after cell transplantation. In this study, we determined if mild hypothermia （27-28~C） can increase the survival rate of neural stem cells （1.0 x 105/~tL） transplanted into neonatal mice with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Long-term effects on neurological functioning of the mice were also examined. After mild hy- pothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation, we observed decreased expression levels of inflammatory factor nuclear factor-kappa B and apoptotic factor caspase-3, reduced cerebral infarct volumes, increased survival rate of transplanted cells, and marked improvements in neurological function. Thus, the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation are superior to those of monotherapy. Moreover, our findings suggest that the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are achieved by anti-inflammatory and an- ti-apoptotic mechanisms.展开更多
文摘背景:创伤性脑损伤具有和缺血性脑损伤相类似的缺血缺氧等病理改变,研究发现槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤治疗中有显著效果。目的:综述槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤治疗中的研究现状和展望。方法:应用计算机检索万方、中国知网(CNKI)和PubMed生物医学数据库,检索时间为1900年至2018年12月,中文检索关键词为“槲皮素和脑损伤;槲皮素和创伤性脑损伤;槲皮素和氧化反应;槲皮素和神经细胞凋亡;槲皮素和炎症因子;创伤性脑损伤和氧化反应;创伤性脑损伤和神经细胞凋亡;创伤性脑损伤和炎症因子;槲皮素和生物安全性”,英文检索关键词为“Quercetin and Brain Injury;Quercetin and Traumatic Brain Injury;Quercetin and oxidation reaction;Quercetin and neurons apoptosis;Quercetin and inflammatory factor;Traumatic Brain Injury and oxidation reaction;Traumatic Brain Injury and apoptosis;Traumatic Brain Injury and inflammatory factor;Quercetin and biosafety”,纳入有关槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤中作用的相关论文报道和综述。结果和结论:槲皮素可以通过调节氧化应激反应中的抗氧化酶实现自身对活性氧的清除,并促进线粒体自身的生物合成来改善线粒体的能量代谢,进一步保护神经元细胞内的线粒体。槲皮素还可通过抑制磷酸激酶C(PKC)的活性及转运,拮抗钠离子内流,从而抑制组胺、前列腺素等炎症递质的释放,缓解炎症。使用槲皮素治疗后可以通过激活PI3K/Akt通路并抑制ERK1/2信号通路从而减弱神经元细胞的自噬和凋亡,达到改善神经功能缺损和认知功能的作用。动物安全性评价实验提示,在合理剂量范围内可以认为槲皮素的安全性较高。槲皮素对创伤性脑损伤有显著治疗效果,与其具有清除氧自由基、保护线粒体、拮抗炎症反应和减少神经元细胞凋亡等有关。槲皮素在创伤性脑损伤治疗中的潜在分子机制和临床应用仍需不断研究。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81173355
文摘Electroacupuncture attenuates cerebral hypoxia and neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.To further identify the involved mechanisms,we assumed that electroacupuncture used to treat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was associated with the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） signaling pathway.We established rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using the modified Zea-Longa＇s method.At 30 minutes before model establishment,p38 MAPK blocker SB20358 was injected into the left lateral ventricles.At 1.5 hours after model establishment,electroacupuncture was administered at acupoints of Chize（LU5）,Hegu（LI4）,Zusanli（ST36）,and Sanyinjiao（SP6） for 20 minutes in the affected side.Results showed that the combination of EA and SB20358 injection significantly decreased neurologic impairment scores,but no significant differences were determined among different interventional groups.Hematoxylin-eosin staining also showed reduced brain tissue injuries.Compared with the SB20358 group,the cells were regularly arranged,the structures were complete,and the number of viable neurons was higher in the SB20358 ＋ electroacupuncture group.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase（Td T）-mediated d UTP nick-end labeling assay showed a decreased apoptotic index in each group,with a significant decrease in the SB20358 ＋ electroacupuncture group.Immunohistochemistry revealed reduced phosphorylated p38 expression at 3 days in the electroacupuncture group and SB20358 ＋ electroacupuncture group compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group.There was no significant difference in phosphorylated p38 expression between the ischemia/reperfusion group and SB20358 group.These findings confirmed that the electroacupuncture effects on mitigating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury are possibly associated with the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.A time period of 3 days could promote the repair of ischemic cerebral nerves.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81271382
文摘Neural stem cell transplantation is a useful treatment for ischemic stroke, but apoptosis often occurs in the hypoxic-ischemic environment of the brain after cell transplantation. In this study, we determined if mild hypothermia （27-28~C） can increase the survival rate of neural stem cells （1.0 x 105/~tL） transplanted into neonatal mice with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Long-term effects on neurological functioning of the mice were also examined. After mild hy- pothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation, we observed decreased expression levels of inflammatory factor nuclear factor-kappa B and apoptotic factor caspase-3, reduced cerebral infarct volumes, increased survival rate of transplanted cells, and marked improvements in neurological function. Thus, the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation are superior to those of monotherapy. Moreover, our findings suggest that the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are achieved by anti-inflammatory and an- ti-apoptotic mechanisms.
