The 2000 km Columbia River is the longest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. It starts in British Columbia, Canada and flows through the states of Oregon and Washington before discharging into Pac...The 2000 km Columbia River is the longest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. It starts in British Columbia, Canada and flows through the states of Oregon and Washington before discharging into Pacific Ocean near Cape Disappointment. The mouth of the Columbia River is a deep water harbor and 180 km of the river can be accessed by navigation. Based on flow volume, the river is the 4th largest river in the United States. The headwaters and approximately 800 km of the Columbia River lie in Canada. Columbia Lake and the Columbia Wetlands are located in British Columbia and are the headwaters of the Columbia River. The lake has an elevation of 820 m above sea level and drains to the Pacific Ocean near Astoria, Oregon. The Ocean tides flow up river to Portland, Oregon. This paper highlights how the geological and landscape resources of the Columbia River and tributaries watershed contributed to the economic development of this historically rich region of North America. The Columbia River is one of the most biologically diverse freshwater systems in the United States. The Columbia River system with trails and cruise ships was designed to increase use of the Columbia River, to promote recreational tourism, and to create a generation of people who are willing to protect and provide environmental stewardship of the river basin resources.展开更多
The Snake River in northwestern United States is 1735 km long, the largest tributary of the Columbia River and is the 13<sup>th</sup> longest river in the United States. The Snake River drainage basin incl...The Snake River in northwestern United States is 1735 km long, the largest tributary of the Columbia River and is the 13<sup>th</sup> longest river in the United States. The Snake River drainage basin includes parts of six U.S. states. The Snake River Plain was created by a volcanic hotspot that lies beneath Yellow-stone National Park. The previous Ice Age carved out canyons, cliffs and waterfalls along the middle and lower Snake River. The Missoula Flood was to the north and Bonneville Flood to the south altered the Snake River and surrounding landscape. The Snake River has a drainage basin of 282,000 km<sup>2</sup> in the states of Oregon, Washington, Utah, Nevada and Idaho. The Snake River drops from mountain elevations of 3000 m to its confluence with the Columbia River. The river is one of the most biologically diverse freshwater systems in the United States with trails designed to promote recreational tourism, increase use of the Snake River and create generations of people who care about the river and are willing to protect and provide environmental stewardship of the river watershed resources.展开更多
为提高电网分析的准确性,调度中心采用的电网模型应从外网等值模型逐步过渡到全电网模型。通过BPA(bonneville power administration)电网模型与能量管理系统电网模型进行模型拼接可生成全电网模型,分析了模型拼接的难点、步骤。算例结...为提高电网分析的准确性,调度中心采用的电网模型应从外网等值模型逐步过渡到全电网模型。通过BPA(bonneville power administration)电网模型与能量管理系统电网模型进行模型拼接可生成全电网模型,分析了模型拼接的难点、步骤。算例结果表明应用全电网模型进行电网分析可提高计算精度。展开更多
电力系统仿真软件是电力系统规划设计、试验研究、调度运行和教学培训等不可或缺的重要工具.中国版BPA(Bonneville Power Administration)模型齐全、功能强大、使用灵活、操作方便,特别适合大规模交直流系统的仿真计算.分别从数学模型...电力系统仿真软件是电力系统规划设计、试验研究、调度运行和教学培训等不可或缺的重要工具.中国版BPA(Bonneville Power Administration)模型齐全、功能强大、使用灵活、操作方便,特别适合大规模交直流系统的仿真计算.分别从数学模型、软件功能和输入输出3方面对BPA进行了介绍,并通过IEEE 7节点算例展示了其功能.展开更多
文摘The 2000 km Columbia River is the longest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. It starts in British Columbia, Canada and flows through the states of Oregon and Washington before discharging into Pacific Ocean near Cape Disappointment. The mouth of the Columbia River is a deep water harbor and 180 km of the river can be accessed by navigation. Based on flow volume, the river is the 4th largest river in the United States. The headwaters and approximately 800 km of the Columbia River lie in Canada. Columbia Lake and the Columbia Wetlands are located in British Columbia and are the headwaters of the Columbia River. The lake has an elevation of 820 m above sea level and drains to the Pacific Ocean near Astoria, Oregon. The Ocean tides flow up river to Portland, Oregon. This paper highlights how the geological and landscape resources of the Columbia River and tributaries watershed contributed to the economic development of this historically rich region of North America. The Columbia River is one of the most biologically diverse freshwater systems in the United States. The Columbia River system with trails and cruise ships was designed to increase use of the Columbia River, to promote recreational tourism, and to create a generation of people who are willing to protect and provide environmental stewardship of the river basin resources.
文摘The Snake River in northwestern United States is 1735 km long, the largest tributary of the Columbia River and is the 13<sup>th</sup> longest river in the United States. The Snake River drainage basin includes parts of six U.S. states. The Snake River Plain was created by a volcanic hotspot that lies beneath Yellow-stone National Park. The previous Ice Age carved out canyons, cliffs and waterfalls along the middle and lower Snake River. The Missoula Flood was to the north and Bonneville Flood to the south altered the Snake River and surrounding landscape. The Snake River has a drainage basin of 282,000 km<sup>2</sup> in the states of Oregon, Washington, Utah, Nevada and Idaho. The Snake River drops from mountain elevations of 3000 m to its confluence with the Columbia River. The river is one of the most biologically diverse freshwater systems in the United States with trails designed to promote recreational tourism, increase use of the Snake River and create generations of people who care about the river and are willing to protect and provide environmental stewardship of the river watershed resources.
文摘为提高电网分析的准确性,调度中心采用的电网模型应从外网等值模型逐步过渡到全电网模型。通过BPA(bonneville power administration)电网模型与能量管理系统电网模型进行模型拼接可生成全电网模型,分析了模型拼接的难点、步骤。算例结果表明应用全电网模型进行电网分析可提高计算精度。
文摘电力系统仿真软件是电力系统规划设计、试验研究、调度运行和教学培训等不可或缺的重要工具.中国版BPA(Bonneville Power Administration)模型齐全、功能强大、使用灵活、操作方便,特别适合大规模交直流系统的仿真计算.分别从数学模型、软件功能和输入输出3方面对BPA进行了介绍,并通过IEEE 7节点算例展示了其功能.
