Bone regeneration is a complex, well-orchestrated physiological process of bone formation, which can be seen during normal fracture healing, and is involved in continuous remodelling throughout adult life. Currently,t...Bone regeneration is a complex, well-orchestrated physiological process of bone formation, which can be seen during normal fracture healing, and is involved in continuous remodelling throughout adult life. Currently,there is a plethora of different strategies to augment the impaired or "insufficient" bone-regeneration process, including the "gold standard" autologous bone graft, free fibula vascularised graft, allograft implantation, and use of growth factors, osteoconductive scaffolds, osteoprogenitor cells and distraction osteogenesis. Improved "local" strategies in terms of tissue engineering and gene therapy, or even "systemic" enhancement of bone repair, are under intense investigation, in an effort to overcome the limitations of the current methods, to produce bone-graft substitutes with biomechanical properties that are as identical to normal bone as possible, to accelerate the overall regeneration process, or even to address systemic conditions, such as skeletal disorders and osteoporosis. An improved understanding of the molecular and cellular events that occur during bone repair and remodeling has led to the development of biologic agents that can augment the biological microenvironment and enhance bone repair. Orthobiologics, including stem cells, osteoinductive growth factors, osteoconductive matrices, and anabolic agents, are available clinically for accelerating fracture repair and treatment of compromised bone repair situations like delayed unions and nonunions. A lack of standardized outcome measures for comparison of biologic agents in clinical fracture repair trials, frequent off-label use, and a limited understanding of the biological activity of these agents at the bone repair site have limited their efficacy in clinical applications.展开更多
目的:评估以胶原、羟基磷灰石、硫酸软骨素等3种天然骨骼基本成分构建成的三维多孔骨修复材料的理化性能和体内生物学性能,观察其作为骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein 2,BMP-2)载体的效果。方法:以胶原、羟基磷灰石、硫酸软...目的:评估以胶原、羟基磷灰石、硫酸软骨素等3种天然骨骼基本成分构建成的三维多孔骨修复材料的理化性能和体内生物学性能,观察其作为骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein 2,BMP-2)载体的效果。方法:以胶原、羟基磷灰石、硫酸软骨素及BMP-2为原料,通过化学交联和冷冻干燥的方法构建具有一定三维结构的骨修复材料。通过HE染色、扫描电镜观察材料的结构性能;通过表面能谱、X线衍射观察材料的理化性能;将骨髓基质干细胞(marrow stromal cells,MSCs)种植在材料表面,观察MSCs在材料表面的粘附、增生和分化;将该复合材料种植在大鼠体内,观察材料在体内的降解和异位成骨情况。结果:骨修复材料在植入局部保持完整的支架结构,具有利于细胞粘附和增殖的多孔结构。通过肌肉埋植,在异位诱导形成了骨组织,并且随着骨组织的形成,支架逐渐降解吸收。结论:胶原-羟基磷灰石-硫酸软骨素-骨形态发生蛋白是具有良好的生物相容性和骨诱导特性的骨修复材料。展开更多
文摘Bone regeneration is a complex, well-orchestrated physiological process of bone formation, which can be seen during normal fracture healing, and is involved in continuous remodelling throughout adult life. Currently,there is a plethora of different strategies to augment the impaired or "insufficient" bone-regeneration process, including the "gold standard" autologous bone graft, free fibula vascularised graft, allograft implantation, and use of growth factors, osteoconductive scaffolds, osteoprogenitor cells and distraction osteogenesis. Improved "local" strategies in terms of tissue engineering and gene therapy, or even "systemic" enhancement of bone repair, are under intense investigation, in an effort to overcome the limitations of the current methods, to produce bone-graft substitutes with biomechanical properties that are as identical to normal bone as possible, to accelerate the overall regeneration process, or even to address systemic conditions, such as skeletal disorders and osteoporosis. An improved understanding of the molecular and cellular events that occur during bone repair and remodeling has led to the development of biologic agents that can augment the biological microenvironment and enhance bone repair. Orthobiologics, including stem cells, osteoinductive growth factors, osteoconductive matrices, and anabolic agents, are available clinically for accelerating fracture repair and treatment of compromised bone repair situations like delayed unions and nonunions. A lack of standardized outcome measures for comparison of biologic agents in clinical fracture repair trials, frequent off-label use, and a limited understanding of the biological activity of these agents at the bone repair site have limited their efficacy in clinical applications.
