采用傅里叶变换红外光谱结合多元统计分析方法快速鉴别不同种类食用牛肝菌。采集10个不同种类93个牛肝菌子实体的红外光谱,分析食用牛肝菌的红外光谱特征;用多元散射校正(multiplicative signal correction,MSC)、标准正态变量(standard...采用傅里叶变换红外光谱结合多元统计分析方法快速鉴别不同种类食用牛肝菌。采集10个不同种类93个牛肝菌子实体的红外光谱,分析食用牛肝菌的红外光谱特征;用多元散射校正(multiplicative signal correction,MSC)、标准正态变量(standard normal variate,SNV)、二阶导数(second derivative,SD)、Norris平滑(ND)、正交信号校正(orthogonal signal correction,OSC)、小波压缩等方法对光谱进行优化处理;经优化处理的光谱数据分别建立马氏距离分类模型及偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLSDA)。结果显示,牛肝菌在3 325、2 934、2 927、1 637、1 547、1 402、1 375、1 259、1 453、1 081、1 029 cm-1等附近有多个吸收峰,主要归属为蛋白质、多糖、氨基酸等的特征吸收峰。MSC+SD+ND(15∶5)和SNV+SD+ND(15∶5)两种预处理方式前10个主成分累积贡献率分别为95.58%、95.54%,基于两种预处理方法建立马氏距离分类模型,验证集预测准确率分别为90%和95%。PLS-DA结果显示经MSC+SD+ND(15∶5)和SNV+SD+ND(15∶5)预处理不易于区分牛肝菌种类;原始光谱经正交信号校正及小波压缩(orthogonal signal correction wavelet compression,OSCW)、优化处理并进行PLS-DA分析,能够很好地区分不同种类牛肝菌。马氏距离分类模型不仅能反映样品的分类情况,同时计算出与测试样品相似度最大的物种,可为食用菌种类鉴别和未知物种鉴定提供可靠依据;OSCW预处理后进行PLS-DA分析能有效鉴别不同种类牛肝菌,为野生食用菌的鉴别分类提供一种辅助方法。展开更多
采集5种共272份牛肝菌样品的傅里叶变换红外光谱和紫外光谱,结合多光谱信息融合策略,建立牛肝菌种类快速鉴别的方法。多元散射校正(multiplicative signal correction,MSC)及二阶导数(second derivative,2D)等预处理方法对原始光谱进行...采集5种共272份牛肝菌样品的傅里叶变换红外光谱和紫外光谱,结合多光谱信息融合策略,建立牛肝菌种类快速鉴别的方法。多元散射校正(multiplicative signal correction,MSC)及二阶导数(second derivative,2D)等预处理方法对原始光谱进行优化,比较优化处理对区分不同种类牛肝菌影响;利用优化处理后的光谱数据及融合数据建立偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)模型和支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)判别模型。结果显示:1)经过2D和MSC预处理后,不同种类牛肝菌的PLS-DA鉴别效果优于未优化模型,表明2D+MSC预处理优化了光谱信息并提高了分类准确度;2)基于傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外光谱、低级融合和中级融合数据分别建立PLS-DA模型,预测正确率为86.87%、66.67%、78.89%和95.56%;建立SVM判别模型,预测正确率分别为88.89%、74.44%、91.11%和100.00%,表明中级融合技术对不同种类牛肝菌鉴别效果显著,优于其他技术;3)中级融合技术在PLS-DA模型和SVM判别模型中对样品的预测正确率分别为95.56%和100.00%,表明SVM判别模型对牛肝菌种类区分效果优于PLS-DA模型。采用中级融合技术建立SVM判别模型,快速鉴别牛肝菌种类,为牛肝菌种类鉴别和质量控制提供可靠、稳定的方法。展开更多
Based on our previous molecular phylogenetic analyses,four new genera are described,namely Baorangia,Lanmaoa,Parvixerocomus,and Rugiboletus,and one known genus,Neoboletus,is re-delimitated.Four new species and nine ne...Based on our previous molecular phylogenetic analyses,four new genera are described,namely Baorangia,Lanmaoa,Parvixerocomus,and Rugiboletus,and one known genus,Neoboletus,is re-delimitated.Four new species and nine new combinations are proposed.Morphological characters of each genus and related eleven species are described and illustrated.Most of species in the genera described from southwestern China are wild edible mushrooms and can be found in free markets.展开更多
Porcini mushrooms(Boletus sect.Boletus)have both economic and ecological importance.Recent molecular phylogenetic study has uncovered rich species diversity of this group of fungi from China.In this study,the Chinese ...Porcini mushrooms(Boletus sect.Boletus)have both economic and ecological importance.Recent molecular phylogenetic study has uncovered rich species diversity of this group of fungi from China.In this study,the Chinese porcini were characterized by both morphological andmolecular phylogenetic evidence.15 species were recognized,including nine new species,namely B.botryoides,B.fagacicola,B.griseiceps,B.monilifer,B.sinoedulis,B.subviolaceofuscus,B.tylopilopsis,B.umbrinipileus and B.viscidiceps.Three previously described species,viz.B.bainiugan,B.meiweiniuganjun and B.shiyong,were revised,and B.meiweiniuganjun is treated as a synonym of B.bainiugan.A key to the Chinese porcini mushrooms was provided.展开更多
Reticulate spore ornamentation in Strobilomyces(Boletaceae,Basidiomycotina) is visible under light microscopy(bright field and phase contrast) up to 1,500×.While some distinctions can be made at this magnificatio...Reticulate spore ornamentation in Strobilomyces(Boletaceae,Basidiomycotina) is visible under light microscopy(bright field and phase contrast) up to 1,500×.While some distinctions can be made at this magnification,ontogeny and fine structure of the ornamentation cannot be discerned.Scanning electron microscope images,conversely,reveal significant additional structure from which the ontogenetic process can be traced.Citing numerous New and Old World collections,this paper presents evidence distinguishing reticulate ornamentation ontogeny in these disjunct populations.展开更多
文摘采集5种共272份牛肝菌样品的傅里叶变换红外光谱和紫外光谱,结合多光谱信息融合策略,建立牛肝菌种类快速鉴别的方法。多元散射校正(multiplicative signal correction,MSC)及二阶导数(second derivative,2D)等预处理方法对原始光谱进行优化,比较优化处理对区分不同种类牛肝菌影响;利用优化处理后的光谱数据及融合数据建立偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)模型和支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)判别模型。结果显示:1)经过2D和MSC预处理后,不同种类牛肝菌的PLS-DA鉴别效果优于未优化模型,表明2D+MSC预处理优化了光谱信息并提高了分类准确度;2)基于傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外光谱、低级融合和中级融合数据分别建立PLS-DA模型,预测正确率为86.87%、66.67%、78.89%和95.56%;建立SVM判别模型,预测正确率分别为88.89%、74.44%、91.11%和100.00%,表明中级融合技术对不同种类牛肝菌鉴别效果显著,优于其他技术;3)中级融合技术在PLS-DA模型和SVM判别模型中对样品的预测正确率分别为95.56%和100.00%,表明SVM判别模型对牛肝菌种类区分效果优于PLS-DA模型。采用中级融合技术建立SVM判别模型,快速鉴别牛肝菌种类,为牛肝菌种类鉴别和质量控制提供可靠、稳定的方法。
基金supported by the Funds for International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31210103919)the Fundamental Research Programof theMinistry of Science and Technology,China(2013FY110400)+1 种基金the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.RE Halling thanks the National Science Foundation(USA)for funding under grants DEB-9972018,DEB-0414665 and DEB-1020421the National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration in grants 7341-02 and 8457-08.
文摘Based on our previous molecular phylogenetic analyses,four new genera are described,namely Baorangia,Lanmaoa,Parvixerocomus,and Rugiboletus,and one known genus,Neoboletus,is re-delimitated.Four new species and nine new combinations are proposed.Morphological characters of each genus and related eleven species are described and illustrated.Most of species in the genera described from southwestern China are wild edible mushrooms and can be found in free markets.
基金supported by the Funds for International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31210103919)the National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB138305)the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘Porcini mushrooms(Boletus sect.Boletus)have both economic and ecological importance.Recent molecular phylogenetic study has uncovered rich species diversity of this group of fungi from China.In this study,the Chinese porcini were characterized by both morphological andmolecular phylogenetic evidence.15 species were recognized,including nine new species,namely B.botryoides,B.fagacicola,B.griseiceps,B.monilifer,B.sinoedulis,B.subviolaceofuscus,B.tylopilopsis,B.umbrinipileus and B.viscidiceps.Three previously described species,viz.B.bainiugan,B.meiweiniuganjun and B.shiyong,were revised,and B.meiweiniuganjun is treated as a synonym of B.bainiugan.A key to the Chinese porcini mushrooms was provided.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31700021,31570020)the Science and Technology Key Program of Guangzhou,China(201607020017)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province(2017A030303050)the GDAS’Special Project of Science and Technology Development(2017GDAS CX-0825)
文摘Reticulate spore ornamentation in Strobilomyces(Boletaceae,Basidiomycotina) is visible under light microscopy(bright field and phase contrast) up to 1,500×.While some distinctions can be made at this magnification,ontogeny and fine structure of the ornamentation cannot be discerned.Scanning electron microscope images,conversely,reveal significant additional structure from which the ontogenetic process can be traced.Citing numerous New and Old World collections,this paper presents evidence distinguishing reticulate ornamentation ontogeny in these disjunct populations.
