This research aims to integrate Bekenstein’s bound and Landauer’s principle, providing a unified framework to understand the limits of information and energy in physical systems. By combining these principles, we ex...This research aims to integrate Bekenstein’s bound and Landauer’s principle, providing a unified framework to understand the limits of information and energy in physical systems. By combining these principles, we explore the implications for black hole thermodynamics, astrophysics, astronomy, information theory, and the search for new laws of nature. The result includes an estimation of the number of bits stored in a black hole (less than 1.4 × 10<sup>30</sup> bits/m<sup>3</sup>), enhancing our understanding of information storage in extreme gravitational environments. This integration offers valuable insights into the fundamental nature of information and energy, impacting scientific advancements in multiple disciplines.展开更多
There is no term for pressure ( P∇V) in the first law of black hole thermodynamics. To address this question, we study the first law of black hole thermodynamics and derive an expression for it. We report that this pr...There is no term for pressure ( P∇V) in the first law of black hole thermodynamics. To address this question, we study the first law of black hole thermodynamics and derive an expression for it. We report that this pressure corresponds to the Hawking temperature and is inversely proportional to the quartic of the Schwarzschild radius. It implies that a lighter and smaller black hole exerts more pressure on its surrounding environment. It might shed light on the other thermodynamic aspects of the black hole.展开更多
We analyze spacetimes with horizons and study the thermodynamic aspects of causal horizons, suggesting that the resemblance between gravitational and thermodynamic systems has a deeper quantum mechanical origin. We fi...We analyze spacetimes with horizons and study the thermodynamic aspects of causal horizons, suggesting that the resemblance between gravitational and thermodynamic systems has a deeper quantum mechanical origin. We find that the observer dependence of such horizons is a direct consequence of associating a temperature and entropy to a spacetime. The geometrical picture of a horizon acting as a one-way membrane for information flow can be accepted as a natural interpretation of assigning a quantum field theory to a spacetime with boundary, ultimately leading to a close connection with thermodynamics.展开更多
The upper bounds on the entropy of a radiation system confined to a spherical box are calculated in six cases by using the equation of state of radiation in flat spacetime and the equation of state of radiation near b...The upper bounds on the entropy of a radiation system confined to a spherical box are calculated in six cases by using the equation of state of radiation in flat spacetime and the equation of state of radiation near black-hole horizon,which was derived by Li and Liu (hereafter the Li-Liu equation).It turns out that the Li-Liu equation does have unique advantage in dealing with the entropy bound of critical self-gravitating radiation systems,while the usual equation of state will result in entropy divergence.In the case of non-self-gravitating radiation systems and non-critical self-gravitating radiation systems,there is no difference in the entropy bounds derived by these two equations of state.展开更多
We derive the solution for a spherically symmetric string cloud configuration in a ＆dimensional spacetime in the framework of f（R） theories of gravity. We also analyze some thermodynamic properties of the joint bla...We derive the solution for a spherically symmetric string cloud configuration in a ＆dimensional spacetime in the framework of f（R） theories of gravity. We also analyze some thermodynamic properties of the joint black hole - cloud of strings solution. For its Hawking temperature, we found that the dependence of the mass with the horizon is significantly different in both theories. For the interaction of a black hole with thermal radiation, we found that the shapes of the curves are similar, but shifted. Our analysis generalizes some known results in the literature.展开更多
The presumption that Hawking radiations are thermally distributed can be considered to result from their entanglement with the internal degrees of freedom for a black hole.This leads to the‘firewall’paradox if unita...The presumption that Hawking radiations are thermally distributed can be considered to result from their entanglement with the internal degrees of freedom for a black hole.This leads to the‘firewall’paradox if unitary evolution continues into Page’s time when a black hole evaporates away half of its initial entropy.However,if the interior of a black hole houses sufficient degrees of freedom to maintain entanglement with the outside at all times,unitarity can be preserved during the complete radiation process and no firewall will be required.This paper proposes a scenario that rescinds the firewall by introducing the concept of volume for a black hole.Based on the operational definition by Christodoulou and Rovelli(Christodoulou and Rovelli 2015 Phys.Rev.D 91064046),we show that the volume and its associated entropy for a collapsed black hole diverges if the final evaporation stage is treated using noncommutative space.This implicates the interior of a black hole possesses adequate space to store information for a black hole of any mass,like the inside of a‘magician’s bag’.展开更多
This study set out to investigate charged vector particles tunneling via horizons of a pair of accelerating rotating charged NUT black holes under the influence of quantum gravity.To this end,we use the modified Proca...This study set out to investigate charged vector particles tunneling via horizons of a pair of accelerating rotating charged NUT black holes under the influence of quantum gravity.To this end,we use the modified Proca equation incorporating generalized uncertainty principle.Applying the WKB approximation to the field equation,we obtain a modified tunneling rate and the corresponding corrected Hawking temperature for this black hole.Moreover,we analyze the graphical behavior of the corrected Hawking temperature T'_H with respect to the event horizon for the given black hole.By considering quantum gravitational effects on Hawking temperatures,we discuss the stability analysis of this black hole.For a pair of black holes,the temperature T'_H increases with the increase in rotation parameters a andω,correction parameterβ,black hole acceleration a,and arbitrary parameter k,and decreases with the increase in electric e and magnetic charges g.展开更多
In order to further explore the efects of non-Gaussian smeared mass distribution on the thermodynamical properties of noncommutative black holes, we consider noncommutative black holes based on Maxwell-Boltzmann smear...In order to further explore the efects of non-Gaussian smeared mass distribution on the thermodynamical properties of noncommutative black holes, we consider noncommutative black holes based on Maxwell-Boltzmann smeared mass distribution in（2＋1）-dimensional spacetime. The thermodynamical properties of the black holes are investigated, including Hawking temperature, heat capacity, entropy and free energy. We find that multiple black holes with the same temperature do not exist, while there exists a possible decay of the noncommutative black hole based on Maxwell-Boltzmann smeared mass distribution into the rotating （commutative） BTZ black hole.展开更多
文摘This research aims to integrate Bekenstein’s bound and Landauer’s principle, providing a unified framework to understand the limits of information and energy in physical systems. By combining these principles, we explore the implications for black hole thermodynamics, astrophysics, astronomy, information theory, and the search for new laws of nature. The result includes an estimation of the number of bits stored in a black hole (less than 1.4 × 10<sup>30</sup> bits/m<sup>3</sup>), enhancing our understanding of information storage in extreme gravitational environments. This integration offers valuable insights into the fundamental nature of information and energy, impacting scientific advancements in multiple disciplines.
文摘There is no term for pressure ( P∇V) in the first law of black hole thermodynamics. To address this question, we study the first law of black hole thermodynamics and derive an expression for it. We report that this pressure corresponds to the Hawking temperature and is inversely proportional to the quartic of the Schwarzschild radius. It implies that a lighter and smaller black hole exerts more pressure on its surrounding environment. It might shed light on the other thermodynamic aspects of the black hole.
文摘We analyze spacetimes with horizons and study the thermodynamic aspects of causal horizons, suggesting that the resemblance between gravitational and thermodynamic systems has a deeper quantum mechanical origin. We find that the observer dependence of such horizons is a direct consequence of associating a temperature and entropy to a spacetime. The geometrical picture of a horizon acting as a one-way membrane for information flow can be accepted as a natural interpretation of assigning a quantum field theory to a spacetime with boundary, ultimately leading to a close connection with thermodynamics.
文摘The upper bounds on the entropy of a radiation system confined to a spherical box are calculated in six cases by using the equation of state of radiation in flat spacetime and the equation of state of radiation near black-hole horizon,which was derived by Li and Liu (hereafter the Li-Liu equation).It turns out that the Li-Liu equation does have unique advantage in dealing with the entropy bound of critical self-gravitating radiation systems,while the usual equation of state will result in entropy divergence.In the case of non-self-gravitating radiation systems and non-critical self-gravitating radiation systems,there is no difference in the entropy bounds derived by these two equations of state.
基金Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico(CNPq-Brazil)(150384/2017-3)Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES)for Financial Support
文摘We derive the solution for a spherically symmetric string cloud configuration in a ＆dimensional spacetime in the framework of f（R） theories of gravity. We also analyze some thermodynamic properties of the joint black hole - cloud of strings solution. For its Hawking temperature, we found that the dependence of the mass with the horizon is significantly different in both theories. For the interaction of a black hole with thermal radiation, we found that the shapes of the curves are similar, but shifted. Our analysis generalizes some known results in the literature.
基金supported by the NSFC(grant No.11654001,No.11747605 and No.91636213).
文摘The presumption that Hawking radiations are thermally distributed can be considered to result from their entanglement with the internal degrees of freedom for a black hole.This leads to the‘firewall’paradox if unitary evolution continues into Page’s time when a black hole evaporates away half of its initial entropy.However,if the interior of a black hole houses sufficient degrees of freedom to maintain entanglement with the outside at all times,unitarity can be preserved during the complete radiation process and no firewall will be required.This paper proposes a scenario that rescinds the firewall by introducing the concept of volume for a black hole.Based on the operational definition by Christodoulou and Rovelli(Christodoulou and Rovelli 2015 Phys.Rev.D 91064046),we show that the volume and its associated entropy for a collapsed black hole diverges if the final evaporation stage is treated using noncommutative space.This implicates the interior of a black hole possesses adequate space to store information for a black hole of any mass,like the inside of a‘magician’s bag’.
基金financial support provided under the Chilean FONDECYT(3170035)
文摘This study set out to investigate charged vector particles tunneling via horizons of a pair of accelerating rotating charged NUT black holes under the influence of quantum gravity.To this end,we use the modified Proca equation incorporating generalized uncertainty principle.Applying the WKB approximation to the field equation,we obtain a modified tunneling rate and the corresponding corrected Hawking temperature for this black hole.Moreover,we analyze the graphical behavior of the corrected Hawking temperature T'_H with respect to the event horizon for the given black hole.By considering quantum gravitational effects on Hawking temperatures,we discuss the stability analysis of this black hole.For a pair of black holes,the temperature T'_H increases with the increase in rotation parameters a andω,correction parameterβ,black hole acceleration a,and arbitrary parameter k,and decreases with the increase in electric e and magnetic charges g.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Education Department of Shannxi Provincial Government(12JK0954)Doctorial Scientific Research Starting Fund of Shannxi University of Science and Technology(BJ12-02)
文摘In order to further explore the efects of non-Gaussian smeared mass distribution on the thermodynamical properties of noncommutative black holes, we consider noncommutative black holes based on Maxwell-Boltzmann smeared mass distribution in（2＋1）-dimensional spacetime. The thermodynamical properties of the black holes are investigated, including Hawking temperature, heat capacity, entropy and free energy. We find that multiple black holes with the same temperature do not exist, while there exists a possible decay of the noncommutative black hole based on Maxwell-Boltzmann smeared mass distribution into the rotating （commutative） BTZ black hole.
