The Micro- and Nano-mechanics Working Group of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics organized a forum to discuss the perspectives, trends, and directions in mechanics of heterogeneous materials in ...The Micro- and Nano-mechanics Working Group of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics organized a forum to discuss the perspectives, trends, and directions in mechanics of heterogeneous materials in January 2010. The international journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is de- voted to all fields of solid mechanics and relevant disciplines in science, technology, and engineering, with a balanced coverage on analytical, experimental, numerical and applied investigations. On the occasion of the 30TM anniversary of Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, its editor-in-chief, Professor Q.S. Zheng invited some of the forum participants to review the state-of-the-art of mechanics of heterogeneous solids, with a particular emphasis on the recent research development results of Chinese scientists. Their reviews are organized into five research areas as reported in different sections of this paper. ~I firstly brings in fo- cus on micro- and nano-mechanics, with regards to several selective topics, including multiscale coupled models and computational methods, nanocrystal superlattices, surface effects, micromechanical damage mechanics, and microstructural evolution of metals and shape memory alloys. ~II shows discussions on multifield coupled mechanical phenomena, e.g., multi-fields actuations of liquid crystal polymer networks, mechanical behavior of materials under radiations, and micromechanics of heterogeneous materials. In ~III, we mainly address the multiscale mechanics of biological nanocomposites, biological adhesive surface mechanics, wetting and dewetting phenomena on microstructured solid surfaces. The phononic crystals and manipulation of elastic waves were elaborated in ~IV. Finally, we conclude with a series of perspectives on solid mechanics. This review will set a primary goal of future science research and engineering application on solid mechanics with the effort of social and economic development.展开更多
研究预处理和提取方法对杜仲橡胶提取效率的影响。结果表明:与超微粉碎预处理相比,生物酶解预处理能更好地保留杜仲橡胶在杜仲植物中的原貌,制得的杜仲橡胶的重均相对分子质量大(超过4.2×105),相对分子质量分布略宽;与常规提取相比...研究预处理和提取方法对杜仲橡胶提取效率的影响。结果表明:与超微粉碎预处理相比,生物酶解预处理能更好地保留杜仲橡胶在杜仲植物中的原貌,制得的杜仲橡胶的重均相对分子质量大(超过4.2×105),相对分子质量分布略宽;与常规提取相比,超声波提取的提取效率较高。采用生物酶解预处理、超声波提取(温度为50℃,时间为30 min,超声波频率为40 k Hz),杜仲橡胶的提取效率较高且能耗适中。展开更多
The nonlinear dynamical exact wave solutions to the non-fractional order and the time-fractional order of the biological population models are achieved for the first time in the framwork of the Paul-Painlevéappro...The nonlinear dynamical exact wave solutions to the non-fractional order and the time-fractional order of the biological population models are achieved for the first time in the framwork of the Paul-Painlevéapproach method(PPAM).When the variables appearing in the exact solutions take specific values,the solitary wave solutions will be easily obtained.The realized results prove the efficiency of this technique.展开更多
Respiratory variables, including tidal volume and respiratory rate, display significant variability. The probability density function (PDF) of respiratory variables has been shown to contain clinical information and c...Respiratory variables, including tidal volume and respiratory rate, display significant variability. The probability density function (PDF) of respiratory variables has been shown to contain clinical information and can predict the risk for exacerbation in asthma. However, it is uncertain why this PDF plays a major role in predicting the dynamic conditions of the respiratory system. This paper introduces a stochastic optimal control model for noisy spontaneous breathing, and obtains a Shrödinger’s wave equation as the motion equation that can produce a PDF as a solution. Based on the lobules-bronchial tree model of the lung system, the tidal volume variable was expressed by a polar coordinate, by use of which the Shrödinger’s wave equation of inter-breath intervals (IBIs) was obtained. Through the wave equation of IBIs, the respiratory rhythm generator was characterized by the potential function including the PDF and the parameter concerning the topographical distribution of regional pulmonary ventilations. The stochastic model in this study was assumed to have a common variance parameter in the state variables, which would originate from the variability in metabolic energy at the cell level. As a conclusion, the PDF of IBIs would become a marker of neuroplasticity in the respiratory rhythm generator through Shr?dinger’s wave equation for IBIs.展开更多
Based on the theories of cellar biology a reaction-diffusion-like dynamic equation valid for the popular growth of single bacillus was established by means of the nonlinear method of the dynamic systems.Furthermore,th...Based on the theories of cellar biology a reaction-diffusion-like dynamic equation valid for the popular growth of single bacillus was established by means of the nonlinear method of the dynamic systems.Furthermore,the investigations of numerical simulations and experiments of this evolutionary equation were analysised.These exploratory results are helpful to complete the biological wave theory.展开更多
文摘The Micro- and Nano-mechanics Working Group of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics organized a forum to discuss the perspectives, trends, and directions in mechanics of heterogeneous materials in January 2010. The international journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is de- voted to all fields of solid mechanics and relevant disciplines in science, technology, and engineering, with a balanced coverage on analytical, experimental, numerical and applied investigations. On the occasion of the 30TM anniversary of Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, its editor-in-chief, Professor Q.S. Zheng invited some of the forum participants to review the state-of-the-art of mechanics of heterogeneous solids, with a particular emphasis on the recent research development results of Chinese scientists. Their reviews are organized into five research areas as reported in different sections of this paper. ~I firstly brings in fo- cus on micro- and nano-mechanics, with regards to several selective topics, including multiscale coupled models and computational methods, nanocrystal superlattices, surface effects, micromechanical damage mechanics, and microstructural evolution of metals and shape memory alloys. ~II shows discussions on multifield coupled mechanical phenomena, e.g., multi-fields actuations of liquid crystal polymer networks, mechanical behavior of materials under radiations, and micromechanics of heterogeneous materials. In ~III, we mainly address the multiscale mechanics of biological nanocomposites, biological adhesive surface mechanics, wetting and dewetting phenomena on microstructured solid surfaces. The phononic crystals and manipulation of elastic waves were elaborated in ~IV. Finally, we conclude with a series of perspectives on solid mechanics. This review will set a primary goal of future science research and engineering application on solid mechanics with the effort of social and economic development.
文摘研究预处理和提取方法对杜仲橡胶提取效率的影响。结果表明:与超微粉碎预处理相比,生物酶解预处理能更好地保留杜仲橡胶在杜仲植物中的原貌,制得的杜仲橡胶的重均相对分子质量大(超过4.2×105),相对分子质量分布略宽;与常规提取相比,超声波提取的提取效率较高。采用生物酶解预处理、超声波提取(温度为50℃,时间为30 min,超声波频率为40 k Hz),杜仲橡胶的提取效率较高且能耗适中。
文摘The nonlinear dynamical exact wave solutions to the non-fractional order and the time-fractional order of the biological population models are achieved for the first time in the framwork of the Paul-Painlevéapproach method(PPAM).When the variables appearing in the exact solutions take specific values,the solitary wave solutions will be easily obtained.The realized results prove the efficiency of this technique.
文摘Respiratory variables, including tidal volume and respiratory rate, display significant variability. The probability density function (PDF) of respiratory variables has been shown to contain clinical information and can predict the risk for exacerbation in asthma. However, it is uncertain why this PDF plays a major role in predicting the dynamic conditions of the respiratory system. This paper introduces a stochastic optimal control model for noisy spontaneous breathing, and obtains a Shrödinger’s wave equation as the motion equation that can produce a PDF as a solution. Based on the lobules-bronchial tree model of the lung system, the tidal volume variable was expressed by a polar coordinate, by use of which the Shrödinger’s wave equation of inter-breath intervals (IBIs) was obtained. Through the wave equation of IBIs, the respiratory rhythm generator was characterized by the potential function including the PDF and the parameter concerning the topographical distribution of regional pulmonary ventilations. The stochastic model in this study was assumed to have a common variance parameter in the state variables, which would originate from the variability in metabolic energy at the cell level. As a conclusion, the PDF of IBIs would become a marker of neuroplasticity in the respiratory rhythm generator through Shr?dinger’s wave equation for IBIs.
文摘Based on the theories of cellar biology a reaction-diffusion-like dynamic equation valid for the popular growth of single bacillus was established by means of the nonlinear method of the dynamic systems.Furthermore,the investigations of numerical simulations and experiments of this evolutionary equation were analysised.These exploratory results are helpful to complete the biological wave theory.
