A new type of vascular stent is designed for treating stenotic vessels. Aiming at overcoming the shortcomings of existing equipment and technology for preparing a bioabsorbable vascular stent （BVS）, a new method whi...A new type of vascular stent is designed for treating stenotic vessels. Aiming at overcoming the shortcomings of existing equipment and technology for preparing a bioabsorbable vascular stent （BVS）, a new method which combines 3D bio-printing and electrospinning to prepare the composite bioabsorbable vascular stent （CBVS） is proposed. The inner layer of the CBVS can be obtained through 3D bio- printing using poly-p-dioxanone （PPDO）. The thin nanofiber film that serves as the outer layer can be built through electrospinning using mixtures of chitosan-PVA （poly （vinyl alcohol））. Tests of mechanical properties show that the stent prepared through 3D bio-printing combined with electrospinning is better than that prepared through 3D bio- printing alone. Cells cultivated on the CBVS adhere and proliferate better due to the natural, biological chitosan in the outer layer. The proposed complex process and method can provide a good basis for preparing a controllable drug-carrying vascular stent. Overall, the CBVS can be a good candidate for treating stenotic vessels.展开更多
Patient-derived cancer cells(PDCs)and patient-derived xenografts(PDXs)are often used as tumor models,but have many shortcomings.PDCs not only lack diversity in terms of cell type,spatial organization,and microenvironm...Patient-derived cancer cells(PDCs)and patient-derived xenografts(PDXs)are often used as tumor models,but have many shortcomings.PDCs not only lack diversity in terms of cell type,spatial organization,and microenvironment but also have adverse effects in stem cell cultures,whereas PDX are expensive with a low transplantation success rate and require a long culture time.In recent years,advances in three-dimensional(3D)organoid culture technology have led to the development of novel physiological systems that model the tissues of origin more precisely than traditional culture methods.Patient-derived cancer organoids bridge the conventional gaps in PDC and PDX models and closely reflect the pathophysiological features of natural tumorigenesis and metastasis,and have led to new patient-specific drug screening techniques,development of individualized treatment regimens,and discovery of prognostic biomarkers and mechanisms of resistance.Synergistic combinations of cancer organoids with other technologies,for example,organ-on-a-chip,3D bio-printing,and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homology-independent organoid transgenesis,and with treatments, such as immunotherapy, have been useful in overcoming their limitations and led to the development of more suitable model systems that recapitulate the complex stroma of cancer, inter-organ and intra-organ communications,and potentially multiorgan metastasis. In this review, we discuss various methods for the creation of organ-specific cancer organoids and summarize organspecific advances and applications, synergistic technologies, and treatments aswell as current limitations and future prospects for cancer organoids. Furtheradvances will bring this novel 3D organoid culture technique closer to clinicalpractice in the future.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D) printing(3DP) is a rapid prototyping technology that has gained increasing recognition in many different fields. Inherent accuracy and low-cost property enable applicability of 3DP in many areas,...Three-dimensional(3D) printing(3DP) is a rapid prototyping technology that has gained increasing recognition in many different fields. Inherent accuracy and low-cost property enable applicability of 3DP in many areas, such as manufacturing, aerospace,medical, and industrial design. Recently, 3DP has gained considerable attention in the medical field. The image data can be quickly turned into physical objects by using 3DP technology. These objects are being used across a variety of surgical specialties. The shortage of cadaver specimens is a major problem in medical education. However, this concern has been solved with the emergence of 3DP model. Custom-made items can be produced by using 3DP technology. This innovation allows 3DP use in preoperative planning and surgical training. Learning is difficult among medical students because of the complex anatomical structures of the liver. Thus, 3D visualization is a useful tool in anatomy teaching and hepatic surgical training. However,conventional models do not capture haptic qualities. 3DP can produce highly accurate and complex physical models. Many types of human or animal differentiated cells can be printed successfully with the development of 3D bio-printing technology. This progress represents a valuable breakthrough that exhibits many potential uses, such as research on drug metabolism or liver disease mechanism. This technology can also be used to solve shortage of organs for transplant in the future.展开更多
Current research in oncology deploys methods that rely principally on two-dimensional(2D) mono-cell cultures and animal models.Although these methodologies have led to significant advancement in the development of nov...Current research in oncology deploys methods that rely principally on two-dimensional(2D) mono-cell cultures and animal models.Although these methodologies have led to significant advancement in the development of novel experimental therapeutic agents with promising anticancer activity in the laboratory, clinicians still struggle to manage cancer in the clinical setting.The disappointing translational success is attributable mainly to poor representation and recreation of the cancer microenvironment present in human neoplasia.Threedimensional(3D) bio-printed models could help to simulate this micro-environment, with recent bio-printing of live human cells demonstrating that effective in vitro replication is achievable.This literature review outlines up-to-date advancements and developments in the use of 3D bio-printed models currently being used in oncology research.These innovative advancements in 3D bio-printing open up a new frontier for oncology research and could herald an era of progressive clinical cancer therapeutics.展开更多
Cartilage injuries are common problems that increase with the population aging.Cartilage is an avascular tissue with a relatively low level of cellular mitotic activity,which makes it impossible to heal spontaneously....Cartilage injuries are common problems that increase with the population aging.Cartilage is an avascular tissue with a relatively low level of cellular mitotic activity,which makes it impossible to heal spontaneously.To compensate for this problem,three-dimensional bio-printing has attracted a great deal of attention in cartilage tissue engineering.This emerging technology aims to create three-dimensional functional scaffolds by accurately depositing layer-by-layer bio-inks composed of biomaterial and cells.As a novel bio-ink,a decellularized extracellular matrix can serve as an appropriate substrate that contains all the necessary biological cues for cellular interactions.Here,this review is intended to provide an overview of decellularized extracellular matrix-based bio-inks and their properties,sources,and preparation process.Following this,decellularized extracellular matrix-based bio-inks for cartilage tissue engineering are discussed,emphasizing cell behavior and in-vivo applications.Afterward,the current challenges and future outlook will be discussed to determine the conclusing remarks.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51475281,51375292)the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholar of China(No.51105239)
文摘A new type of vascular stent is designed for treating stenotic vessels. Aiming at overcoming the shortcomings of existing equipment and technology for preparing a bioabsorbable vascular stent （BVS）, a new method which combines 3D bio-printing and electrospinning to prepare the composite bioabsorbable vascular stent （CBVS） is proposed. The inner layer of the CBVS can be obtained through 3D bio- printing using poly-p-dioxanone （PPDO）. The thin nanofiber film that serves as the outer layer can be built through electrospinning using mixtures of chitosan-PVA （poly （vinyl alcohol））. Tests of mechanical properties show that the stent prepared through 3D bio-printing combined with electrospinning is better than that prepared through 3D bio- printing alone. Cells cultivated on the CBVS adhere and proliferate better due to the natural, biological chitosan in the outer layer. The proposed complex process and method can provide a good basis for preparing a controllable drug-carrying vascular stent. Overall, the CBVS can be a good candidate for treating stenotic vessels.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81802278 and 81900563)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2019JJ50361 and 2020JJ4418).
文摘Patient-derived cancer cells(PDCs)and patient-derived xenografts(PDXs)are often used as tumor models,but have many shortcomings.PDCs not only lack diversity in terms of cell type,spatial organization,and microenvironment but also have adverse effects in stem cell cultures,whereas PDX are expensive with a low transplantation success rate and require a long culture time.In recent years,advances in three-dimensional(3D)organoid culture technology have led to the development of novel physiological systems that model the tissues of origin more precisely than traditional culture methods.Patient-derived cancer organoids bridge the conventional gaps in PDC and PDX models and closely reflect the pathophysiological features of natural tumorigenesis and metastasis,and have led to new patient-specific drug screening techniques,development of individualized treatment regimens,and discovery of prognostic biomarkers and mechanisms of resistance.Synergistic combinations of cancer organoids with other technologies,for example,organ-on-a-chip,3D bio-printing,and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homology-independent organoid transgenesis,and with treatments, such as immunotherapy, have been useful in overcoming their limitations and led to the development of more suitable model systems that recapitulate the complex stroma of cancer, inter-organ and intra-organ communications,and potentially multiorgan metastasis. In this review, we discuss various methods for the creation of organ-specific cancer organoids and summarize organspecific advances and applications, synergistic technologies, and treatments aswell as current limitations and future prospects for cancer organoids. Furtheradvances will bring this novel 3D organoid culture technique closer to clinicalpractice in the future.
基金supported by a grant from the National HighTech Research and Development Projects (Grant No. 2015AA020303)
文摘Three-dimensional(3D) printing(3DP) is a rapid prototyping technology that has gained increasing recognition in many different fields. Inherent accuracy and low-cost property enable applicability of 3DP in many areas, such as manufacturing, aerospace,medical, and industrial design. Recently, 3DP has gained considerable attention in the medical field. The image data can be quickly turned into physical objects by using 3DP technology. These objects are being used across a variety of surgical specialties. The shortage of cadaver specimens is a major problem in medical education. However, this concern has been solved with the emergence of 3DP model. Custom-made items can be produced by using 3DP technology. This innovation allows 3DP use in preoperative planning and surgical training. Learning is difficult among medical students because of the complex anatomical structures of the liver. Thus, 3D visualization is a useful tool in anatomy teaching and hepatic surgical training. However,conventional models do not capture haptic qualities. 3DP can produce highly accurate and complex physical models. Many types of human or animal differentiated cells can be printed successfully with the development of 3D bio-printing technology. This progress represents a valuable breakthrough that exhibits many potential uses, such as research on drug metabolism or liver disease mechanism. This technology can also be used to solve shortage of organs for transplant in the future.
文摘Current research in oncology deploys methods that rely principally on two-dimensional(2D) mono-cell cultures and animal models.Although these methodologies have led to significant advancement in the development of novel experimental therapeutic agents with promising anticancer activity in the laboratory, clinicians still struggle to manage cancer in the clinical setting.The disappointing translational success is attributable mainly to poor representation and recreation of the cancer microenvironment present in human neoplasia.Threedimensional(3D) bio-printed models could help to simulate this micro-environment, with recent bio-printing of live human cells demonstrating that effective in vitro replication is achievable.This literature review outlines up-to-date advancements and developments in the use of 3D bio-printed models currently being used in oncology research.These innovative advancements in 3D bio-printing open up a new frontier for oncology research and could herald an era of progressive clinical cancer therapeutics.
基金The work was supperted by the Alexander von Humboldt foundation(to FG).
文摘Cartilage injuries are common problems that increase with the population aging.Cartilage is an avascular tissue with a relatively low level of cellular mitotic activity,which makes it impossible to heal spontaneously.To compensate for this problem,three-dimensional bio-printing has attracted a great deal of attention in cartilage tissue engineering.This emerging technology aims to create three-dimensional functional scaffolds by accurately depositing layer-by-layer bio-inks composed of biomaterial and cells.As a novel bio-ink,a decellularized extracellular matrix can serve as an appropriate substrate that contains all the necessary biological cues for cellular interactions.Here,this review is intended to provide an overview of decellularized extracellular matrix-based bio-inks and their properties,sources,and preparation process.Following this,decellularized extracellular matrix-based bio-inks for cartilage tissue engineering are discussed,emphasizing cell behavior and in-vivo applications.Afterward,the current challenges and future outlook will be discussed to determine the conclusing remarks.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0908200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2225003 and 52073060)+3 种基金the Nanjing Medical Science and Technique Development Foundation(ZKX21019)the Clinical Trials from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital(2022-LCYJ-ZD-01)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120054)the Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20190813152616459 and JCYJ20210324133214038)。
