目的了解2021年桂林市腹泻病源沙门菌菌株表型特征及分子分型特征,建立相关数据库,为桂林市控制沙门菌引起的腹泻病传播和疫情溯源提供实验室有效数据。方法通过对菌株进行血清学鉴定、脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis...目的了解2021年桂林市腹泻病源沙门菌菌株表型特征及分子分型特征,建立相关数据库,为桂林市控制沙门菌引起的腹泻病传播和疫情溯源提供实验室有效数据。方法通过对菌株进行血清学鉴定、脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)试验和药物敏感试验3类项目检测,采用国家致病菌识别网信息化平台系统对其结果进行关联研究,确定菌株间的亲缘性。结果2021年来自桂林市3家医院患者的42株沙门菌经生化鉴定及血清凝集试验,得到了11种血清型,其中优势菌有鼠伤寒沙门菌(17株)、伦敦沙门菌(7株)和肠炎沙门菌(5株);药物敏感试验结果显示(16种抗生素):氨苄西林(ampicillin,AMP)(61.90%)耐药率最高,其次是复方新诺明(sulfamethoxazole,SXT)(59.52%)。多粘菌素E(colistin E,ECT)、美罗培南(meropenem,MEM)、厄他培南(ertapenem,ETP)、替加环素(tigecycline,TIG)、阿米卡星(amikacin,AMI)5种为敏感药物,敏感率均为100.00%。多重耐药菌株有28株(66.67%),最多见是4耐药物,耐药谱为氯霉素(chloramphenicol,CHL)-复方新诺明(SXT)-四环素(TET)-氨苄西林(AMP)(7株);耐药种类最高的是8耐,耐药谱为氯霉素(CHL)-复方新诺明(SXT)-头孢噻肟(cefotaxime,CTX)-四环素(TET)-环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CIP)-萘啶酸(nalidixic acid,NAL)-氨苄西林(AMP)-氨苄西林/舒巴坦(ampi⁃cillin/sulbactam,AMS);42株沙门菌经过聚类分析可分为38种带型图谱,显示出较大的遗传多样性。结论2021年桂林市腹泻病源沙门菌的血清型主要以鼠伤寒沙门菌、伦敦沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌为主,耐药状况和多重耐药率不容乐观,PFGE带型图谱呈遗传多样性,血清型、耐药谱与PFGE分型无明显关联。展开更多
New requirements in communication technologies make it imperative to rehash conventional features such as reconfigurable antennas to adapt with the future adaptability advancements.This paper presents a comprehensive ...New requirements in communication technologies make it imperative to rehash conventional features such as reconfigurable antennas to adapt with the future adaptability advancements.This paper presents a comprehensive review of reconfigurable antennas,specifically in terms of radiation patterns for adaptation in the upcoming Fifth Generation(5G)New Radio frequency bands.They represent the key of antenna technology for materializing a high rate transmission,increased spectral and energy efficiency,reduced interference,and improved the beam steering and beam shaping,thereby land a great promise for planar antennas to boost the mid-band 5G.This review begins with an overview of the underlying principals in reconfiguring radiation patterns,followed by the presentations of the implemented innovative antenna topologies to suit particular advanced features.The various adaptation techniques of radiation pattern reconfigurable planar antennas and the understanding of its antenna design approaches has been investigated for its radiation pattern enhancement.A variety of design configurations have also been critically studied for their compatibilities to be operated in the midband communication systems.The review provides new insights on pattern reconfigurable antenna where such antennas are categorized as beam steering antenna and beamshaping antennas where the operation modes and purposes are clearly investigated.The review also revealed that for mid-band 5G communication,the commonly used electronic switching such as PIN diodes have sufficient isolation loss to provide the required beam performance.展开更多
文摘采用外周血淋巴细胞培养及G带染色体标本制作技术,研究和分析华南虎(Panthera tigris amoyensis)染色体的核型和带型。结果表明:华南虎二倍体染色体数为2n=38条,其中常染色体18对,性染色体1对。常染色体按相对长度从长到短依次编号为1~18。根据着丝粒指数可将华南虎染色体分为4组,即A组(m),包括2、5、13、18和X;B组(Sm),包括1、4、7、8、9、10、11、12、14、17和Y;C组(St),包括3、6;D组(t),包括15、16。核型公式为8(m)+20(Sm)+4(St)+4(t),XY(m,Sm)/XX(m,m)。本研究成功制备了华南虎染色体核型标本,初步建立了华南虎染色体G带核型模式图谱。经比对,发现华南虎与东北虎(P. t. altaica)染色体核型存在明显差异,可为虎亚种的分类研究提供依据,同时能为华南虎种群基因多样性及遗传学研究提供新的参考和开辟新的途径。
文摘目的了解2021年桂林市腹泻病源沙门菌菌株表型特征及分子分型特征,建立相关数据库,为桂林市控制沙门菌引起的腹泻病传播和疫情溯源提供实验室有效数据。方法通过对菌株进行血清学鉴定、脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)试验和药物敏感试验3类项目检测,采用国家致病菌识别网信息化平台系统对其结果进行关联研究,确定菌株间的亲缘性。结果2021年来自桂林市3家医院患者的42株沙门菌经生化鉴定及血清凝集试验,得到了11种血清型,其中优势菌有鼠伤寒沙门菌(17株)、伦敦沙门菌(7株)和肠炎沙门菌(5株);药物敏感试验结果显示(16种抗生素):氨苄西林(ampicillin,AMP)(61.90%)耐药率最高,其次是复方新诺明(sulfamethoxazole,SXT)(59.52%)。多粘菌素E(colistin E,ECT)、美罗培南(meropenem,MEM)、厄他培南(ertapenem,ETP)、替加环素(tigecycline,TIG)、阿米卡星(amikacin,AMI)5种为敏感药物,敏感率均为100.00%。多重耐药菌株有28株(66.67%),最多见是4耐药物,耐药谱为氯霉素(chloramphenicol,CHL)-复方新诺明(SXT)-四环素(TET)-氨苄西林(AMP)(7株);耐药种类最高的是8耐,耐药谱为氯霉素(CHL)-复方新诺明(SXT)-头孢噻肟(cefotaxime,CTX)-四环素(TET)-环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CIP)-萘啶酸(nalidixic acid,NAL)-氨苄西林(AMP)-氨苄西林/舒巴坦(ampi⁃cillin/sulbactam,AMS);42株沙门菌经过聚类分析可分为38种带型图谱,显示出较大的遗传多样性。结论2021年桂林市腹泻病源沙门菌的血清型主要以鼠伤寒沙门菌、伦敦沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌为主,耐药状况和多重耐药率不容乐观,PFGE带型图谱呈遗传多样性,血清型、耐药谱与PFGE分型无明显关联。
基金This work was supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University,Saudi Arabia.
文摘New requirements in communication technologies make it imperative to rehash conventional features such as reconfigurable antennas to adapt with the future adaptability advancements.This paper presents a comprehensive review of reconfigurable antennas,specifically in terms of radiation patterns for adaptation in the upcoming Fifth Generation(5G)New Radio frequency bands.They represent the key of antenna technology for materializing a high rate transmission,increased spectral and energy efficiency,reduced interference,and improved the beam steering and beam shaping,thereby land a great promise for planar antennas to boost the mid-band 5G.This review begins with an overview of the underlying principals in reconfiguring radiation patterns,followed by the presentations of the implemented innovative antenna topologies to suit particular advanced features.The various adaptation techniques of radiation pattern reconfigurable planar antennas and the understanding of its antenna design approaches has been investigated for its radiation pattern enhancement.A variety of design configurations have also been critically studied for their compatibilities to be operated in the midband communication systems.The review provides new insights on pattern reconfigurable antenna where such antennas are categorized as beam steering antenna and beamshaping antennas where the operation modes and purposes are clearly investigated.The review also revealed that for mid-band 5G communication,the commonly used electronic switching such as PIN diodes have sufficient isolation loss to provide the required beam performance.
