目的观察太极拳练习对老年人下肢肌力及功能的影响。方法选择60名老年人按随机数字表分为太极拳练习组(干预组)与健康知识宣教组(对照组),分别予18个月24式太极拳练习(60min/次,5次/周)与老年肌少症相关病因、发病机制及防治措施宣教(12...目的观察太极拳练习对老年人下肢肌力及功能的影响。方法选择60名老年人按随机数字表分为太极拳练习组(干预组)与健康知识宣教组(对照组),分别予18个月24式太极拳练习(60min/次,5次/周)与老年肌少症相关病因、发病机制及防治措施宣教(120min/次,1次/月)。比较两组髂腰肌、股四头肌、胫前肌、腘绳肌最大等长肌力,5次起坐、计时"起立-行走"(Time Up and Go Test,TUGT)、闭目单腿站立时间、Berg平衡量表评分。结果与本组干预前比较,干预组双侧髂腰肌、股四头肌、胫前肌力均增高(P<0.05),平均增长量(率)依次为5.5kg(16.9%)、5.5kg(26.2%)、8.5kg(36.2%);TUGT、5次起坐时间分别缩短1.3s(16.7%)、0.9s(14.5%),双侧闭目单腿站立时间增加8.4s(左)、9.1s(右),Berg平衡量表评分增加4.3%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组同期比较,干预组干预后双侧股四头肌、胫前肌力增加(P<0.01);TUGT、5次起坐、双侧闭目站立时间、Berg平衡量表评分均改善(P<0.05)。结论太极拳能改善老年人髂腰肌、股四头肌、胫前肌肌力,提高平衡及活动能力,可能防治老年人肌少症。展开更多
The mercury removals by existing pollution control devices and the mass balances of mercury in four coal-fired power plants of China were carried out based on a measurement method with the aluminum matrix sorbent.All ...The mercury removals by existing pollution control devices and the mass balances of mercury in four coal-fired power plants of China were carried out based on a measurement method with the aluminum matrix sorbent.All the plants are equipped with a cold-side electrostatic precipitator （ESP） and a wet flue gas desulfurization （FGD） in series.During the course of coal stream,the samples,such as coal,bottom ash,fly ash,gypsum and flue gas,were collected.The Hg concentrations in coals were measured by CVAAS after appropriate preparation and acid digestion.Other solid samples were measured by the RA-915 ＋ Zeeman Mercury Spectrometer.The vapor phase Hg was collected by a sorbent trap from flue gas and then measured using CVAAS followed by acid leaching.The mercury mass balances were estimated in this study were 91.6%,77.1%,118% and 85.8% for the four power plants,respectively.The total Hg concentrations in the stack gas were ranged from 1.56–5.95 μg/m 3.The relative distribution of Hg in bottom ash,ESP,WFGD and stack discharged were ranged between 0.110%–2.50%,2.17%–23.4%,2.21%–87.1%,and 21.8%–72.7%,respectively.The distribution profiles were varied with the coal type and the operation conditions.The Hg in flue gas could be removed by ESP and FGD systems with an average removal efficiency of 51.8%.The calculated average emission factor was 0.066 g/ton and much lower than the results obtained ten years ago.展开更多
文摘目的观察太极拳练习对老年人下肢肌力及功能的影响。方法选择60名老年人按随机数字表分为太极拳练习组(干预组)与健康知识宣教组(对照组),分别予18个月24式太极拳练习(60min/次,5次/周)与老年肌少症相关病因、发病机制及防治措施宣教(120min/次,1次/月)。比较两组髂腰肌、股四头肌、胫前肌、腘绳肌最大等长肌力,5次起坐、计时"起立-行走"(Time Up and Go Test,TUGT)、闭目单腿站立时间、Berg平衡量表评分。结果与本组干预前比较,干预组双侧髂腰肌、股四头肌、胫前肌力均增高(P<0.05),平均增长量(率)依次为5.5kg(16.9%)、5.5kg(26.2%)、8.5kg(36.2%);TUGT、5次起坐时间分别缩短1.3s(16.7%)、0.9s(14.5%),双侧闭目单腿站立时间增加8.4s(左)、9.1s(右),Berg平衡量表评分增加4.3%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组同期比较,干预组干预后双侧股四头肌、胫前肌力增加(P<0.01);TUGT、5次起坐、双侧闭目站立时间、Berg平衡量表评分均改善(P<0.05)。结论太极拳能改善老年人髂腰肌、股四头肌、胫前肌肌力,提高平衡及活动能力,可能防治老年人肌少症。
基金supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China(No.2007AA06Z340)
文摘The mercury removals by existing pollution control devices and the mass balances of mercury in four coal-fired power plants of China were carried out based on a measurement method with the aluminum matrix sorbent.All the plants are equipped with a cold-side electrostatic precipitator （ESP） and a wet flue gas desulfurization （FGD） in series.During the course of coal stream,the samples,such as coal,bottom ash,fly ash,gypsum and flue gas,were collected.The Hg concentrations in coals were measured by CVAAS after appropriate preparation and acid digestion.Other solid samples were measured by the RA-915 ＋ Zeeman Mercury Spectrometer.The vapor phase Hg was collected by a sorbent trap from flue gas and then measured using CVAAS followed by acid leaching.The mercury mass balances were estimated in this study were 91.6%,77.1%,118% and 85.8% for the four power plants,respectively.The total Hg concentrations in the stack gas were ranged from 1.56–5.95 μg/m 3.The relative distribution of Hg in bottom ash,ESP,WFGD and stack discharged were ranged between 0.110%–2.50%,2.17%–23.4%,2.21%–87.1%,and 21.8%–72.7%,respectively.The distribution profiles were varied with the coal type and the operation conditions.The Hg in flue gas could be removed by ESP and FGD systems with an average removal efficiency of 51.8%.The calculated average emission factor was 0.066 g/ton and much lower than the results obtained ten years ago.
