Background： The current study was carried out to provide a reference for monitory of aflatoxin B_1（AFB_1）,zearalenone（ZEN） and deoxynivalenol（DON） contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds were colle...Background： The current study was carried out to provide a reference for monitory of aflatoxin B_1（AFB_1）,zearalenone（ZEN） and deoxynivalenol（DON） contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds were collected from different Province in China from 2013 to 2015.Methods： A total of 443 feed ingredients, including 220 corn, 24 wheat, 24 domestic distillers dried grains with soluble（DDGS）, 55 bran, 20 wheat shorts and red dog, 37 imported DDGS, 34 corn germ meal and 29 soybean meal as well as 127 complete feeds including 25 pig complete feed（powder）, 90 pig complete feed（pellet）, six duck complete feed and six cattle complete feed were randomly collected from different Province in China,respectively, by high-performance chromatography in combined with UV or fluorescence analysis.Results： The incidence rates of AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds were80.8, 92.3 and 93.9 %, respectively. The percentage of positive samples for DON ranged from 66.7 to 100 %.Domestic DDGS and imported DDGS presented the most serious contamination AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination levels of feeds ranged from 61.5 to 100 %, indicated that serious contamination over the studied 3-year period.Conclusion： The current data provide clear evidence that AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds in different Province in China is serious and differs over past 3-year. The use of corn, domestic DDGS, imported DDGS and corn germ meal, which may be contaminated with these three mycotoxins, as animal feed may triggered a health risk for animal. Feeds are most contaminated with DON followed by ZEN and AFB_1.Mycotoxins contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds should be monitored routinely in China.展开更多
Aflatoxins(AFTs)represent one of the most notorious classes of deadly mycotoxins produced by certain fungi that are found on agricultural crops.Aflatoxins are highly toxic to mammals and are known to cause a series of...Aflatoxins(AFTs)represent one of the most notorious classes of deadly mycotoxins produced by certain fungi that are found on agricultural crops.Aflatoxins are highly toxic to mammals and are known to cause a series of detrimental effects,including neuro-,hepato-,nephron-,and immuno-toxicity.In this original review we summarize the mechanisms of aflatoxin-induced neurotoxicity and the clinical potential of novel neuroprotective agents.Aflatoxin B1(AFB1)is the most toxic congener among the 21 identified AFTs.Recent studies have shown that food borne exposure to AFB1 and/or its metabolites often leads to fatal neurotoxicity in animals and humans.Animal studies indicated that AFB1 exposure could induce abnormal behavioral changes,including anxiety,lethargy disorders,depression-like behavior,cognitive,learning and memory defects,and decreased feeding behavior.Mechanistically,AFB1 exposure has been associated with lipid peroxidation,ablation of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems and decreased neurotransmitter levels.AFB1 exposure has also been shown to induce DNA damage,apoptosis,pyroptosis,and mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain tissue.Several signaling pathways,including gasdermin D,toll like receptor 2(TLR2),TLR4,Akt,NF-κB,ERK/MAPK,protein kinase C(PKC),and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways have been shown to participate in AFB1-induced neuronal or astrocyte cell death.Targeting these pathways by small molecules(e.g.,quercetin,curcumin,and gallic acid,and dimethyl fumarate),Chinese herbal extracts(e.g.,Artichoke leaf extract,Chelidonium majus ethanolic extract,pumpkin extract,and Crocus sativus L.tea),and probiotic supplements could effectively improve AFB1-induced neurobehavioral abnormalities and neurotoxicity.To date,the precise molecular mechanisms of AFB1-induced neurotoxicity and potential neuroprotective agents remain unclear.In the present review,the clinical manifestations,molecular mechanisms,and potential neuroprotective agents of AFB1-induced neurotoxicity are summarized in the br展开更多
Immunomagnetic beads enrichment kit for detection of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) was prepared through reaction of AFB1 and p-phenylenediamine. The catches of AFB1 by the kit were 25 ng/mg. Furthermore, AFB1 was conducted speci...Immunomagnetic beads enrichment kit for detection of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) was prepared through reaction of AFB1 and p-phenylenediamine. The catches of AFB1 by the kit were 25 ng/mg. Furthermore, AFB1 was conducted specific reaction with competitive drugs with similar structure or function to AFB1, including aflatoxin M1, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and patulin, and no cross reaction was observed.展开更多
目的:鉴定一株降解黄曲霉毒素B_1(aflatoxin B_1,AFB1)的霉菌HSK8,通过优化其发酵条件提高AFB_1降解率,并初步探索其降解机制。方法:通过形态学和内部转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)、18S r RNA和26S r RNA序列分析对该...目的:鉴定一株降解黄曲霉毒素B_1(aflatoxin B_1,AFB1)的霉菌HSK8,通过优化其发酵条件提高AFB_1降解率,并初步探索其降解机制。方法:通过形态学和内部转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)、18S r RNA和26S r RNA序列分析对该菌株进行鉴定,并通过单因素试验对发酵条件进行优化,采用薄层层析对AFB_1降解产物进行研究。结果:经鉴定该株霉菌为夏孢生枝孢(Cladosporium uredinicola)。其发酵条件经优化确定为:发酵温度28℃、装液量75 m L/250 m L、接种量15%、发酵时间36 h、初始p H 8.0。薄层层析观察到一个不同于AFB_1的荧光斑点。结论:发酵条件优化后,AFB_1降解率从40.68%提升到68.96%,提高了69.52%;AFB1降解产物能在365 nm波长处发出蓝色荧光。展开更多
基金supported by the Province Science and Technology Major Project of the Department of Science&Technology of Hunan Province(2015NK1002)Changsha City Science and Technology Program of China(k1508008-21)+1 种基金National Key R&D Program(2016YFD0501208)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31402088,31501964 and31402091)
文摘Background： The current study was carried out to provide a reference for monitory of aflatoxin B_1（AFB_1）,zearalenone（ZEN） and deoxynivalenol（DON） contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds were collected from different Province in China from 2013 to 2015.Methods： A total of 443 feed ingredients, including 220 corn, 24 wheat, 24 domestic distillers dried grains with soluble（DDGS）, 55 bran, 20 wheat shorts and red dog, 37 imported DDGS, 34 corn germ meal and 29 soybean meal as well as 127 complete feeds including 25 pig complete feed（powder）, 90 pig complete feed（pellet）, six duck complete feed and six cattle complete feed were randomly collected from different Province in China,respectively, by high-performance chromatography in combined with UV or fluorescence analysis.Results： The incidence rates of AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds were80.8, 92.3 and 93.9 %, respectively. The percentage of positive samples for DON ranged from 66.7 to 100 %.Domestic DDGS and imported DDGS presented the most serious contamination AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination levels of feeds ranged from 61.5 to 100 %, indicated that serious contamination over the studied 3-year period.Conclusion： The current data provide clear evidence that AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds in different Province in China is serious and differs over past 3-year. The use of corn, domestic DDGS, imported DDGS and corn germ meal, which may be contaminated with these three mycotoxins, as animal feed may triggered a health risk for animal. Feeds are most contaminated with DON followed by ZEN and AFB_1.Mycotoxins contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds should be monitored routinely in China.
基金funded by the Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project(NT2021006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102724)Pinduoduo-China Agricultural University Research Fund(PC2023A01002).
文摘Aflatoxins(AFTs)represent one of the most notorious classes of deadly mycotoxins produced by certain fungi that are found on agricultural crops.Aflatoxins are highly toxic to mammals and are known to cause a series of detrimental effects,including neuro-,hepato-,nephron-,and immuno-toxicity.In this original review we summarize the mechanisms of aflatoxin-induced neurotoxicity and the clinical potential of novel neuroprotective agents.Aflatoxin B1(AFB1)is the most toxic congener among the 21 identified AFTs.Recent studies have shown that food borne exposure to AFB1 and/or its metabolites often leads to fatal neurotoxicity in animals and humans.Animal studies indicated that AFB1 exposure could induce abnormal behavioral changes,including anxiety,lethargy disorders,depression-like behavior,cognitive,learning and memory defects,and decreased feeding behavior.Mechanistically,AFB1 exposure has been associated with lipid peroxidation,ablation of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems and decreased neurotransmitter levels.AFB1 exposure has also been shown to induce DNA damage,apoptosis,pyroptosis,and mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain tissue.Several signaling pathways,including gasdermin D,toll like receptor 2(TLR2),TLR4,Akt,NF-κB,ERK/MAPK,protein kinase C(PKC),and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways have been shown to participate in AFB1-induced neuronal or astrocyte cell death.Targeting these pathways by small molecules(e.g.,quercetin,curcumin,and gallic acid,and dimethyl fumarate),Chinese herbal extracts(e.g.,Artichoke leaf extract,Chelidonium majus ethanolic extract,pumpkin extract,and Crocus sativus L.tea),and probiotic supplements could effectively improve AFB1-induced neurobehavioral abnormalities and neurotoxicity.To date,the precise molecular mechanisms of AFB1-induced neurotoxicity and potential neuroprotective agents remain unclear.In the present review,the clinical manifestations,molecular mechanisms,and potential neuroprotective agents of AFB1-induced neurotoxicity are summarized in the br
基金Supported by Hundred Leading Talents Training Project of Science and Technology Beijing(Z171100001117158)
文摘Immunomagnetic beads enrichment kit for detection of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) was prepared through reaction of AFB1 and p-phenylenediamine. The catches of AFB1 by the kit were 25 ng/mg. Furthermore, AFB1 was conducted specific reaction with competitive drugs with similar structure or function to AFB1, including aflatoxin M1, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and patulin, and no cross reaction was observed.
文摘目的:鉴定一株降解黄曲霉毒素B_1(aflatoxin B_1,AFB1)的霉菌HSK8,通过优化其发酵条件提高AFB_1降解率,并初步探索其降解机制。方法:通过形态学和内部转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)、18S r RNA和26S r RNA序列分析对该菌株进行鉴定,并通过单因素试验对发酵条件进行优化,采用薄层层析对AFB_1降解产物进行研究。结果:经鉴定该株霉菌为夏孢生枝孢(Cladosporium uredinicola)。其发酵条件经优化确定为:发酵温度28℃、装液量75 m L/250 m L、接种量15%、发酵时间36 h、初始p H 8.0。薄层层析观察到一个不同于AFB_1的荧光斑点。结论:发酵条件优化后,AFB_1降解率从40.68%提升到68.96%,提高了69.52%;AFB1降解产物能在365 nm波长处发出蓝色荧光。
