We justify and extend the standard model of elementary particle physics by generalizing the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. The usual assumption that space and time are continuous implies, indeed, that it ...We justify and extend the standard model of elementary particle physics by generalizing the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. The usual assumption that space and time are continuous implies, indeed, that it should be possible to measure arbitrarily small intervals of space and time, but we ignore if that is true or not. It is thus more realistic to consider an extremely small “quantum of length” of yet unknown value <em>a</em>. It is only required to be a universal constant for all inertial frames, like<em> c</em> and <em>h</em>. This yields a logically consistent theory and accounts for elementary particles by means of four new quantum numbers. They define “particle states” in terms of modulations of wave functions at the smallest possible scale in space-time. The resulting classification of elementary particles accounts also for dark matter. Antiparticles are redefined, without needing negative energy states and recently observed “anomalies” can be explained.展开更多
Based on the assumption of two-quark structure of the scalar meson K0^＊（1430）, we calculate the CP-averaged branching ratios for B→K0^＊（1430）η（＇） decays in the framework of the perturbative QCD （pQCD） app...Based on the assumption of two-quark structure of the scalar meson K0^＊（1430）, we calculate the CP-averaged branching ratios for B→K0^＊（1430）η（＇） decays in the framework of the perturbative QCD （pQCD） approach here. We perform the evaluations in two scenarios for the scalar meson spectrum. We find that： （a） the pQCD predictions for Br（B→K0^＊（1430）η（＇）） which are about 10^-5 10^-6, basically agree with the data within large theoretical uncertainty; （b） the agreement between the pQCD predictions and the data in Scenario Ⅰ is better than that in Scenario Ⅱ, which can be tested by the forthcoming LHC experiments; （c） the annihilation contributions play an important role for these considered decays.展开更多
The Bu→ψM decays are studied with the perturbative QCD approach, where the psion ψ=ψ（2S）, ψ（3770）, ψ（4040） and ψ（4160）, and the light meson M = π, K, ρ and K^＊. The factorizable and non-factorizable ...The Bu→ψM decays are studied with the perturbative QCD approach, where the psion ψ=ψ（2S）, ψ（3770）, ψ（4040） and ψ（4160）, and the light meson M = π, K, ρ and K^＊. The factorizable and non-factorizable contributions, and the S-D wave mixing effects on the psions, are considered in the calculation. With appropriate inputs, the branching ratios for the Bu→ψM decays are generally coincident with the experimental data within errors. However, due to the large theoretical and experimental errors, it is impossible for the moment to give a severe constraint on the S-D wave mixing angles.展开更多
In this paper,we calculated the B →（J/ψ,ηc） K decays in the perturbative QCD（pQCD） factorization approach with the inclusion of the partial next-to-leading order（NLO） contributions. With the inclusion of the ...In this paper,we calculated the B →（J/ψ,ηc） K decays in the perturbative QCD（pQCD） factorization approach with the inclusion of the partial next-to-leading order（NLO） contributions. With the inclusion of the significant enhancement from the NLO vertex corrections,the NLO pQCD predictions for the branching ratios agree with the data within 2σ errors：Br（B0 → J/ψK0） = 5.2-＋32..58×10-4,Br（B＋ → J/ψK＋） = 5.6-＋32..79×10-4,Br（B0 →ηcK0） = 5.5-＋22..30 × 10-4,Br（B＋ →ηcK＋） = 5.9-＋22..51 × 10-4.展开更多
Within the heavy quark limit and the hierarchy approximation λQCD 〈〈 mD〈〈 mB, we analyze the B → D^0D^-0 and Bs → D^0D^-0 decays, which occur purely via annihilation type diagrams. As a rough estimate, we calcu...Within the heavy quark limit and the hierarchy approximation λQCD 〈〈 mD〈〈 mB, we analyze the B → D^0D^-0 and Bs → D^0D^-0 decays, which occur purely via annihilation type diagrams. As a rough estimate, we calculate their branching ratios and CP asymmetries in the perturbative QCD （PQCD） approach. The branching ratio of B → D^0D^-0 is about 3.8 × 10^-5 that is just below the latest experimental upper limit. The branching ratio of Bs → D^0D^-0 is about 6.8 ×10^-4, which could be measured in LHC-b. From the calculation, it is found that this branching ratio is not sensitive to the weak phase angle γ. In these two decay modes, there exist CP asymmetries because of the interference between weak and strong interaction. However, these asymmetries are too small to be measured easily.展开更多
Motivated by flavor non-universality and anomalies in semi-leptonic B-meson decays, we present a general and systematic discussion about how to construct anomaly-free U（1）＇ gauge theories based on an extended stand...Motivated by flavor non-universality and anomalies in semi-leptonic B-meson decays, we present a general and systematic discussion about how to construct anomaly-free U（1）＇ gauge theories based on an extended standard model with only three right-handed neutrinos. If all standard model fermions are vector-like under this new gauge symmetry, the most general family non-universal charge assignments, （a,b,c） for three-generation quarks and （d,e,f） for leptons, need satisfy just one condition to be anomaly-free, a（a＋b＋c）= （d＋e＋f）. Any assignment can be linear combinations of five independent anomaly-free solutions. We also illustrate how such models can generally lead to ttavor-changing interactions and easily resolve the anomalies in B-meson decays. Probes with Bs-Bs mixing, decay into τ±, dilepton and dijet searches at colliders are also discussed.展开更多
In this paper we study the semileptonic decays of Bc→（ηc, J/ψ）1-v1. We first evaluate the Bc→（ηc, J/ψ） transition form factors Fo（q2）, F＋（q2）, V（q2） and Ao,l,2（q2） by employing the pQCD factorizatio...In this paper we study the semileptonic decays of Bc→（ηc, J/ψ）1-v1. We first evaluate the Bc→（ηc, J/ψ） transition form factors Fo（q2）, F＋（q2）, V（q2） and Ao,l,2（q2） by employing the pQCD factorization approach, and then we calculate the branching ratios for all considered semileptonic decays. Based on the numerical results and the phenomenological analysis, we find that： （a） the pQCD predictions for the values of the Bc→ηc, and Bc→J/ψ transition form factors agree well with those obtained by using other methods; （b） the pQCD predictions for the branching ratios of the considered decays are Br（B---qe-e（-））= （4.41_1.09）＋1＂22 10-3 Br（B----rl-） ---- （1.37_＋：337） x 10-3, Br（B：--J/kOe-e（li-,））=（iO.03＋：3）〉lO-3, and Br（B：--＊J/＇r-]T）----（2.92_0.34）10＋40 -3., and （c） we also define and calculate two ratios of the branching ratios Rn and Rj/v, which will be tested by LHCb and the forthcoming Super-B experiments.展开更多
The spin is an important property of a particle. Although it is unlikely, there is still a possibility that two particles with different spins share similar masses. In this paper, we propose a method to probe this kin...The spin is an important property of a particle. Although it is unlikely, there is still a possibility that two particles with different spins share similar masses. In this paper, we propose a method to probe this kind of mass degeneracy of particles with different spins. We use the cascade decay B^＋ →X（3872）K^＋, X（3872）→D^＋D^- to illustrate our method. It can be seen that the possible mass degeneracy of X（3872） can lead to interesting behavior in the corresponding cascade decay.展开更多
Based on the assumption of a two-quark structure of the scalar meson f0（980） ,we calculate the branching ratios and CP-violating asymmetries for the four B → f0（980） π and B → f0（980） η^（＇） decays by empl...Based on the assumption of a two-quark structure of the scalar meson f0（980） ,we calculate the branching ratios and CP-violating asymmetries for the four B → f0（980） π and B → f0（980） η^（＇） decays by employing the perturbative QCD（pQCD） factorization approach. The leading order pQCD predictions for branching ratios are,Br（B^-→ f0（980） π^-） ～ 2.5×10^-6,Br（Bˉ^0 → f0（980） π^0） ～ 2.6×10^-7,Br（Bˉ^0 → f0（980） η） ～ 2.5×10^-7 and Br（Bˉ^0 → f0（980） η ） ～ 6.7×10^-7,which are consistent with both the QCD factorization predictions and the experimental upper limits.展开更多
In this paper,we study the B→D^(*) l-l -ι semileptonic decays and calculate the branching ratios B(B→D^(*) l-l -ι) and the ratios R(D^(*)) and R_D^( l,s) by employing the perturbative QCD(pQCD)factorization appro...In this paper,we study the B→D^(*) l-l -ι semileptonic decays and calculate the branching ratios B(B→D^(*) l-l -ι) and the ratios R(D^(*)) and R_D^( l,s) by employing the perturbative QCD(pQCD)factorization approach.We find that(a)for R(D)and R(D*)ratios,the pQCD predictions are R(D)=0.430-0.026?0.021,R(D*)=0.301±0.013 and agree well with BaBar’s measurements of ReD e?T T;(b)for the newly defined R_D^1 and R_D^s ratios,the pQCD predictions are R_D^l=0.450-0.051+0.064 and R_D^s=0.642-0.070+0.081,which may be more sensitive to the QCD dynamics of the considered semileptonic decays than R(D^(*)) and should be tested by experimental measurements.展开更多
The heavy quark effective field theory(HQEFT)provides an effective way to deal with heavy meson decays.In this paper,we adopt two different correlators to derive the light-cone sum rules(LCSR)for the B→πtransition f...The heavy quark effective field theory(HQEFT)provides an effective way to deal with heavy meson decays.In this paper,we adopt two different correlators to derive the light-cone sum rules(LCSR)for the B→πtransition form factors(TFFs)in the framework of HQEFT.We label the two LCSR results as LCSR-u and LCSR-R,which stand for the conventional correlator and the right-handed correlator.We observe that the correlation parameter|ρRU|for the branching ratio B(B→πlv_l)is^0.85,implying a consistency of LCSRs with the other correlators.Furthermore,we obtain|V_(ub)|_(LCSR-u)=(3.45_(-0.20)^(+0.28)±0.13_(exp))×10^(-3)and|V_(ub)|_(LCSR-R)=(3.38_(-0.16)^(+0.22)±0.12_(exp))×10^(-3).We also obtain R_π|_(LCSR-u)=0.68_(-0.09)^(+0.10)and R_π|_(LCSR-R)=0.65_(-0.11)^(+0.13),both of which agree with the lattice QCD predictions.Thus,HQEFT provides a useful framework for studying B meson decays.Moreover,by using the right-handed correlator,the twist-2 terms are dominant in TFF f^+(q^2),as their contribution is over^97%in the whole q^2 region,while the large twist-3 uncertainty of the conventional correlator is greatly suppressed.Hence,the LCSR-R predictions can be used to test the properties of the various models for the pion twist-2 distribution amplitudes.展开更多
By employing the perturbative QCD （pQCD） factorization approach, we calculate the full leading and the partial next-to-leading order （NLO） contributions to the seven B →πη（′） and η（′）η（′） decays. For...By employing the perturbative QCD （pQCD） factorization approach, we calculate the full leading and the partial next-to-leading order （NLO） contributions to the seven B →πη（′） and η（′）η（′） decays. For B^＋→ π＋η（′） decays, the pQCD predictions for their decay rates agree very well with the data after the inclusion of the small NLO contributions. For neutral decays, the pQCD predictions are also consistent with the experimental upper limits and can be tested by the LHC experiments. The measured value of dir .Acp^dir（π＋η）= 19±7% can also be accommodated by the pQCD approach.展开更多
文摘We justify and extend the standard model of elementary particle physics by generalizing the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. The usual assumption that space and time are continuous implies, indeed, that it should be possible to measure arbitrarily small intervals of space and time, but we ignore if that is true or not. It is thus more realistic to consider an extremely small “quantum of length” of yet unknown value <em>a</em>. It is only required to be a universal constant for all inertial frames, like<em> c</em> and <em>h</em>. This yields a logically consistent theory and accounts for elementary particles by means of four new quantum numbers. They define “particle states” in terms of modulations of wave functions at the smallest possible scale in space-time. The resulting classification of elementary particles accounts also for dark matter. Antiparticles are redefined, without needing negative energy states and recently observed “anomalies” can be explained.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10575052,10605012,10735080)
文摘Based on the assumption of two-quark structure of the scalar meson K0^＊（1430）, we calculate the CP-averaged branching ratios for B→K0^＊（1430）η（＇） decays in the framework of the perturbative QCD （pQCD） approach here. We perform the evaluations in two scenarios for the scalar meson spectrum. We find that： （a） the pQCD predictions for Br（B→K0^＊（1430）η（＇）） which are about 10^-5 10^-6, basically agree with the data within large theoretical uncertainty; （b） the agreement between the pQCD predictions and the data in Scenario Ⅰ is better than that in Scenario Ⅱ, which can be tested by the forthcoming LHC experiments; （c） the annihilation contributions play an important role for these considered decays.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11705047,U1632109,11547014,11475055)Open Research Program of Large Research Infrastructures(2017)Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The Bu→ψM decays are studied with the perturbative QCD approach, where the psion ψ=ψ（2S）, ψ（3770）, ψ（4040） and ψ（4160）, and the light meson M = π, K, ρ and K^＊. The factorizable and non-factorizable contributions, and the S-D wave mixing effects on the psions, are considered in the calculation. With appropriate inputs, the branching ratios for the Bu→ψM decays are generally coincident with the experimental data within errors. However, due to the large theoretical and experimental errors, it is impossible for the moment to give a severe constraint on the S-D wave mixing angles.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10605012,10735080)Project on Graduate Students' Education and Innovation of Jiangsu Province (CX09B 297Z)
文摘In this paper,we calculated the B →（J/ψ,ηc） K decays in the perturbative QCD（pQCD） factorization approach with the inclusion of the partial next-to-leading order（NLO） contributions. With the inclusion of the significant enhancement from the NLO vertex corrections,the NLO pQCD predictions for the branching ratios agree with the data within 2σ errors：Br（B0 → J/ψK0） = 5.2-＋32..58×10-4,Br（B＋ → J/ψK＋） = 5.6-＋32..79×10-4,Br（B0 →ηcK0） = 5.5-＋22..30 × 10-4,Br（B＋ →ηcK＋） = 5.9-＋22..51 × 10-4.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (10747156, 10625525)
文摘Within the heavy quark limit and the hierarchy approximation λQCD 〈〈 mD〈〈 mB, we analyze the B → D^0D^-0 and Bs → D^0D^-0 decays, which occur purely via annihilation type diagrams. As a rough estimate, we calculate their branching ratios and CP asymmetries in the perturbative QCD （PQCD） approach. The branching ratio of B → D^0D^-0 is about 3.8 × 10^-5 that is just below the latest experimental upper limit. The branching ratio of Bs → D^0D^-0 is about 6.8 ×10^-4, which could be measured in LHC-b. From the calculation, it is found that this branching ratio is not sensitive to the weak phase angle γ. In these two decay modes, there exist CP asymmetries because of the interference between weak and strong interaction. However, these asymmetries are too small to be measured easily.
基金Supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Innovative Areas(16H06490)
文摘Motivated by flavor non-universality and anomalies in semi-leptonic B-meson decays, we present a general and systematic discussion about how to construct anomaly-free U（1）＇ gauge theories based on an extended standard model with only three right-handed neutrinos. If all standard model fermions are vector-like under this new gauge symmetry, the most general family non-universal charge assignments, （a,b,c） for three-generation quarks and （d,e,f） for leptons, need satisfy just one condition to be anomaly-free, a（a＋b＋c）= （d＋e＋f）. Any assignment can be linear combinations of five independent anomaly-free solutions. We also illustrate how such models can generally lead to ttavor-changing interactions and easily resolve the anomalies in B-meson decays. Probes with Bs-Bs mixing, decay into τ±, dilepton and dijet searches at colliders are also discussed.
文摘In this paper we study the semileptonic decays of Bc→（ηc, J/ψ）1-v1. We first evaluate the Bc→（ηc, J/ψ） transition form factors Fo（q2）, F＋（q2）, V（q2） and Ao,l,2（q2） by employing the pQCD factorization approach, and then we calculate the branching ratios for all considered semileptonic decays. Based on the numerical results and the phenomenological analysis, we find that： （a） the pQCD predictions for the values of the Bc→ηc, and Bc→J/ψ transition form factors agree well with those obtained by using other methods; （b） the pQCD predictions for the branching ratios of the considered decays are Br（B---qe-e（-））= （4.41_1.09）＋1＂22 10-3 Br（B----rl-） ---- （1.37_＋：337） x 10-3, Br（B：--J/kOe-e（li-,））=（iO.03＋：3）〉lO-3, and Br（B：--＊J/＇r-]T）----（2.92_0.34）10＋40 -3., and （c） we also define and calculate two ratios of the branching ratios Rn and Rj/v, which will be tested by LHCb and the forthcoming Super-B experiments.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11347124,11147003,U1204115)Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of USC,and Innovation Team of Nuclear and Particle Physics of USC
文摘The spin is an important property of a particle. Although it is unlikely, there is still a possibility that two particles with different spins share similar masses. In this paper, we propose a method to probe this kind of mass degeneracy of particles with different spins. We use the cascade decay B^＋ →X（3872）K^＋, X（3872）→D^＋D^- to illustrate our method. It can be seen that the possible mass degeneracy of X（3872） can lead to interesting behavior in the corresponding cascade decay.
文摘Based on the assumption of a two-quark structure of the scalar meson f0（980） ,we calculate the branching ratios and CP-violating asymmetries for the four B → f0（980） π and B → f0（980） η^（＇） decays by employing the perturbative QCD（pQCD） factorization approach. The leading order pQCD predictions for branching ratios are,Br（B^-→ f0（980） π^-） ～ 2.5×10^-6,Br（Bˉ^0 → f0（980） π^0） ～ 2.6×10^-7,Br（Bˉ^0 → f0（980） η） ～ 2.5×10^-7 and Br（Bˉ^0 → f0（980） η ） ～ 6.7×10^-7,which are consistent with both the QCD factorization predictions and the experimental upper limits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10975074 and 11235005)
文摘In this paper,we study the B→D^(*) l-l -ι semileptonic decays and calculate the branching ratios B(B→D^(*) l-l -ι) and the ratios R(D^(*)) and R_D^( l,s) by employing the perturbative QCD(pQCD)factorization approach.We find that(a)for R(D)and R(D*)ratios,the pQCD predictions are R(D)=0.430-0.026?0.021,R(D*)=0.301±0.013 and agree well with BaBar’s measurements of ReD e?T T;(b)for the newly defined R_D^1 and R_D^s ratios,the pQCD predictions are R_D^l=0.450-0.051+0.064 and R_D^s=0.642-0.070+0.081,which may be more sensitive to the QCD dynamics of the considered semileptonic decays than R(D^(*)) and should be tested by experimental measurements.
基金Supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China(11625520,11765007,11375008,11647307,11847301)the Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology([2017]1089)the Key Project for Innovation Research Groups of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education(KY[2016]028)
文摘The heavy quark effective field theory(HQEFT)provides an effective way to deal with heavy meson decays.In this paper,we adopt two different correlators to derive the light-cone sum rules(LCSR)for the B→πtransition form factors(TFFs)in the framework of HQEFT.We label the two LCSR results as LCSR-u and LCSR-R,which stand for the conventional correlator and the right-handed correlator.We observe that the correlation parameter|ρRU|for the branching ratio B(B→πlv_l)is^0.85,implying a consistency of LCSRs with the other correlators.Furthermore,we obtain|V_(ub)|_(LCSR-u)=(3.45_(-0.20)^(+0.28)±0.13_(exp))×10^(-3)and|V_(ub)|_(LCSR-R)=(3.38_(-0.16)^(+0.22)±0.12_(exp))×10^(-3).We also obtain R_π|_(LCSR-u)=0.68_(-0.09)^(+0.10)and R_π|_(LCSR-R)=0.65_(-0.11)^(+0.13),both of which agree with the lattice QCD predictions.Thus,HQEFT provides a useful framework for studying B meson decays.Moreover,by using the right-handed correlator,the twist-2 terms are dominant in TFF f^+(q^2),as their contribution is over^97%in the whole q^2 region,while the large twist-3 uncertainty of the conventional correlator is greatly suppressed.Hence,the LCSR-R predictions can be used to test the properties of the various models for the pion twist-2 distribution amplitudes.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10575052, 10735080)Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP) (20050319008)
文摘By employing the perturbative QCD （pQCD） factorization approach, we calculate the full leading and the partial next-to-leading order （NLO） contributions to the seven B →πη（′） and η（′）η（′） decays. For B^＋→ π＋η（′） decays, the pQCD predictions for their decay rates agree very well with the data after the inclusion of the small NLO contributions. For neutral decays, the pQCD predictions are also consistent with the experimental upper limits and can be tested by the LHC experiments. The measured value of dir .Acp^dir（π＋η）= 19±7% can also be accommodated by the pQCD approach.
