The safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a major strategic issue that involves human health. With the continuous improvement in disease prevention and treatment, the export of TCM and its related products ha...The safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a major strategic issue that involves human health. With the continuous improvement in disease prevention and treatment, the export of TCM and its related products has increased dramatically in China. However, the frequent safety issues of Chinese medicine have become the ‘bottleneck' impeding the modernization of TCM. It was proved that mycotoxins seriously affect TCM safety; the pesticide residues of TCM are a key problem in TCM international trade; adulterants have also been detected, which is related to market circulation. These three factors have greatly affected TCM safety. In this study, fast, highly effective, economically-feasible and accurate detection methods concerning TCM safety issues were reviewed, especially on the authenticity, mycotoxins and pesticide residues of medicinal materials.展开更多
Text information is principally dependent on the natural languages.Therefore,improving security and reliability of text information exchanged via internet network has become the most difficult challenge that researche...Text information is principally dependent on the natural languages.Therefore,improving security and reliability of text information exchanged via internet network has become the most difficult challenge that researchers encounter.Content authentication and tampering detection of digital contents have become a major concern in the area of communication and information exchange via the Internet.In this paper,an intelligent text Zero-Watermarking approach SETZWMWMM(Smart English Text Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Mid-Level Order and Word Mechanism of Markov Model)has been proposed for the content authentication and tampering detection of English text contents.The SETZWMWMM approach embeds and detects the watermark logically without altering the original English text document.Based on Hidden Markov Model(HMM),Third level order of word mechanism is used to analyze the interrelationship between contexts of given English texts.The extracted features are used as a watermark information and integrated with digital zero-watermarking techniques.To detect eventual tampering,SETZWMWMM has been implemented and validated with attacked English text.Experiments were performed on four datasets of varying lengths under multiple random locations of insertion,reorder and deletion attacks.The experimental results show that our method is more sensitive and efficient for all kinds of tampering attacks with high level accuracy of tampering detection than compared methods.展开更多
为识别苹果汁中糖和水的掺假,采用同位素比率质谱法(isotope ratio mass spectrometry,IRMS)对不同品种的鲜榨苹果汁和掺假果汁的δD,δ18O和δ13C值进行分析确定。结果表明,鲜榨苹果汁水的δD,δ18O值均显著高于外源水掺假的果汁,且掺...为识别苹果汁中糖和水的掺假,采用同位素比率质谱法(isotope ratio mass spectrometry,IRMS)对不同品种的鲜榨苹果汁和掺假果汁的δD,δ18O和δ13C值进行分析确定。结果表明,鲜榨苹果汁水的δD,δ18O值均显著高于外源水掺假的果汁,且掺假果汁水的δD与δ18O值呈线性关系,同时δD、δ18O值随掺水量增加而降低;δ13C值显示鲜榨苹果汁中糖组分含量分别为:果糖-25.64‰^-26.83‰,葡萄糖-25.01‰^-26.36‰,二糖-22.41‰^-23.24‰;果糖、葡萄糖、二糖占总糖的百分比范围分别48.84%~52.39%,14.34%~28.85%,10.47%~18.78%,未检出寡糖,掺假果汁二糖的δ13C值不在上述范围。说明鲜榨果汁与掺假果汁的碳氢氧稳定同位素比率存在着差异,可进一步探索建立数据库以用于市售鲜榨苹果汁掺假的判别,为IRMS在果汁鉴伪中的应用提供试验依据。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81473303)the Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for ‘Significant New Drugs Creation’ (No. 2014ZX09304307001)
文摘The safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a major strategic issue that involves human health. With the continuous improvement in disease prevention and treatment, the export of TCM and its related products has increased dramatically in China. However, the frequent safety issues of Chinese medicine have become the ‘bottleneck' impeding the modernization of TCM. It was proved that mycotoxins seriously affect TCM safety; the pesticide residues of TCM are a key problem in TCM international trade; adulterants have also been detected, which is related to market circulation. These three factors have greatly affected TCM safety. In this study, fast, highly effective, economically-feasible and accurate detection methods concerning TCM safety issues were reviewed, especially on the authenticity, mycotoxins and pesticide residues of medicinal materials.
基金The author extends his appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work under grant number(R.G.P.2/55/40/2019),Received by Fahd N.Al-Wesabi.www.kku.edu.sa。
文摘Text information is principally dependent on the natural languages.Therefore,improving security and reliability of text information exchanged via internet network has become the most difficult challenge that researchers encounter.Content authentication and tampering detection of digital contents have become a major concern in the area of communication and information exchange via the Internet.In this paper,an intelligent text Zero-Watermarking approach SETZWMWMM(Smart English Text Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Mid-Level Order and Word Mechanism of Markov Model)has been proposed for the content authentication and tampering detection of English text contents.The SETZWMWMM approach embeds and detects the watermark logically without altering the original English text document.Based on Hidden Markov Model(HMM),Third level order of word mechanism is used to analyze the interrelationship between contexts of given English texts.The extracted features are used as a watermark information and integrated with digital zero-watermarking techniques.To detect eventual tampering,SETZWMWMM has been implemented and validated with attacked English text.Experiments were performed on four datasets of varying lengths under multiple random locations of insertion,reorder and deletion attacks.The experimental results show that our method is more sensitive and efficient for all kinds of tampering attacks with high level accuracy of tampering detection than compared methods.
文摘为识别苹果汁中糖和水的掺假,采用同位素比率质谱法(isotope ratio mass spectrometry,IRMS)对不同品种的鲜榨苹果汁和掺假果汁的δD,δ18O和δ13C值进行分析确定。结果表明,鲜榨苹果汁水的δD,δ18O值均显著高于外源水掺假的果汁,且掺假果汁水的δD与δ18O值呈线性关系,同时δD、δ18O值随掺水量增加而降低;δ13C值显示鲜榨苹果汁中糖组分含量分别为:果糖-25.64‰^-26.83‰,葡萄糖-25.01‰^-26.36‰,二糖-22.41‰^-23.24‰;果糖、葡萄糖、二糖占总糖的百分比范围分别48.84%~52.39%,14.34%~28.85%,10.47%~18.78%,未检出寡糖,掺假果汁二糖的δ13C值不在上述范围。说明鲜榨果汁与掺假果汁的碳氢氧稳定同位素比率存在着差异,可进一步探索建立数据库以用于市售鲜榨苹果汁掺假的判别,为IRMS在果汁鉴伪中的应用提供试验依据。
