In order to take full advantage of federated filter in fault-tolerant design of integrated navigation system, the limitation of fault detection algorithm for gradual changing fault detection and the poor fault toleran...In order to take full advantage of federated filter in fault-tolerant design of integrated navigation system, the limitation of fault detection algorithm for gradual changing fault detection and the poor fault tolerance of global optimal fusion algorithm are the key problems to deal with. Based on theoretical analysis of the influencing factors of federated filtering fault tolerance, global fault-tolerant fusion algorithm and information sharing algorithm are proposed based on fuzzy assessment. It achieves intelligent fault-tolerant structure with two-stage and feedback, including real-time fault detection in sub-filters, and fault-tolerant fusion and information sharing in main filter. The simulation results demonstrate that the algorithm can effectively improve fault-tolerant ability and ensure relatively high positioning precision of integrated navigation system when a subsystem having gradual changing fault.展开更多
AIM： To assess the safety of Bifidobacterium/ongum （B. longum） JDM301 based on complete genome sequences. METHODS： The complete genome sequences of JDM301 were determined using the GS 20 system. Putative virulence...AIM： To assess the safety of Bifidobacterium/ongum （B. longum） JDM301 based on complete genome sequences. METHODS： The complete genome sequences of JDM301 were determined using the GS 20 system. Putative virulence factors, putative antibiotic resis- tance genes and genes encoding enzymes respon- sible for harmful metabolites were identified by blast with virulence factors database, antibiotic resistance genes database and genes associated with harmful metabolites in previous reports. Minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 common antimicrobial agents was evaluated by E-test RESULTS： JDM301 was shown to contain 36 genes as- sociated with antibiotic resistance, 5 enzymes related to harmful metabolites and 162 nonspecific virulence fac- tors mainly associated with transcriptional regulation, adhesion, sugar and amino acid transport. B. longum JDM301 was intrinsically resistant to ciprofloxacin, ami- kacin, gentamicin and streptomycin and susceptible to vancomycin, amoxicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, imi- penem and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazol. JDM301 was moderately resistant to bacitracin, while an earlier study showed that bifidobacteria were susceptible to this antibiotic. A tetracycline resistance gene with the risk of transfer was found in JDM301, which needs to be experimentally validated. CONCLUSION： The safety assessment of JDM301 using information derived from complete bacterial ge- nome will contribute to a wider and deeper insight into the safety of probiotic bacteria.展开更多
Pneumo-computed tomography (PnCT) is a technique primarily developed and used to study stenotic lesions of the esophagus, gastroesophageal junction and stom-ach for pre-surgical planning. It helps to define both upper...Pneumo-computed tomography (PnCT) is a technique primarily developed and used to study stenotic lesions of the esophagus, gastroesophageal junction and stom-ach for pre-surgical planning. It helps to define both upper and lower borders of neoplasms located in the aforementioned areas. It achieves maximum lumen distension with CO2 highlighting thickened areas of the esophageal wall, thus allowing an accurate quantifica-tion of their extents. Although there are other alterna-tives for distension (oral contrast agents, water and ef-fervescent granules), they may be suboptimal. Patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer have a dismal prognosis despite surgical resection. Therefore, neo-adjuvant treatment strategies using radiation therapy and chemotherapy were developed to improve sur-vival. Neoadjuvant therapy improves esophageal tumor prognosis in a substantial proportion of patients, and the use of imaging techniques is mandatory to detect their response. PnCT combined with virtual endoscopy and multiplanar reconstruction enhances morphologic details in esophageal cancer, and thus would allow animproved assessment of response to neoadjuvant treat-ment. Therefore, more information could be provided to assess the efficacy of pre-surgical treatment. We de-scribe the potential use of PnCT to assess the response to neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer with an imaging pathologic correlation.展开更多
Two processes of utilizing polyvinyl chloride （PVC） waste, an incineration process and a vacuum pyrolysis process, for energy conversion were compared to determine their efficiency and environmental perfor- mance. W...Two processes of utilizing polyvinyl chloride （PVC） waste, an incineration process and a vacuum pyrolysis process, for energy conversion were compared to determine their efficiency and environmental perfor- mance. We carried out a life cycle assessment with each of the two processes to evaluate their environmental impact and defined the goals and limits of our remit. As well, we established an inventory of PVC waste from incineration and vacuum pyrolysis based on process analysis, data collection and calculations. The results show that electrical power output per unit mass of PVC waste in the incineration process was twice as high as that of the vacuum pyrolysis process. Incineration had a larger total environmental impact potential than vacuum pyrolysis. The total environmental impact potential of PVC waste from incineration was three times higher than that from vacuum pyrolysis. Incineration of PVC disposed 300 ng. 100 kgI of dioxins and vacuum pyrolysis 98.19 ng- 100 kgI of dioxins. As well, we analyzed the data for their uncertainty with results quantified in terms of three uncertainties： basic uncertainty, additional uncertainty, and computational uncertainty. The coefficients of variation of the data were less than 25% and the quality of the inventory data was acceptable with low uncertainty. Both PVC waste disposal processes were of similar quality and their results comparable. The results of our life cycle impact assessment （LCIA） showed considerable reliability of our methodology. Overall, the vacuum pyrolysis process has a number advantages and greater potential for development of PVC disposal than the incineration process.展开更多
Due to the increasingly serious environmental pollution and destruction,especially humans' unreasonable activities,the ecological and economic system(EES) issues of Northwest region in China have attracted more an...Due to the increasingly serious environmental pollution and destruction,especially humans' unreasonable activities,the ecological and economic system(EES) issues of Northwest region in China have attracted more and more attention of the researchers.Aiming at evaluating its ecological and economic system health,a multi-objective evaluation framework called PressureState-Response(PSR) was established to describe the ecological and economic health situations.Meanwhile,an integrative set pair model combining set pair analysis(SPA) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(FAHP) was proposed to assess the ecological and economic system.Then the EES status of five northwest provinces(Shanxi,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia and Xinjiang) of Northwest region in China was evaluated during 1985 to 2009.The EES development trends of five provinces are obtained.In general,the health values of five provinces showed a rising trend.The health values of five provinces grew rapidly during 1985 to 2000.After 2000,the health values of five provinces still followed the present growth trend,but the growth is relatively smooth.The results show that the method proposed is effective for assessing the health of ecological and economic system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China (60902055)
文摘In order to take full advantage of federated filter in fault-tolerant design of integrated navigation system, the limitation of fault detection algorithm for gradual changing fault detection and the poor fault tolerance of global optimal fusion algorithm are the key problems to deal with. Based on theoretical analysis of the influencing factors of federated filtering fault tolerance, global fault-tolerant fusion algorithm and information sharing algorithm are proposed based on fuzzy assessment. It achieves intelligent fault-tolerant structure with two-stage and feedback, including real-time fault detection in sub-filters, and fault-tolerant fusion and information sharing in main filter. The simulation results demonstrate that the algorithm can effectively improve fault-tolerant ability and ensure relatively high positioning precision of integrated navigation system when a subsystem having gradual changing fault.
基金Supported by The National Key Program for Infectious Diseases of China,No. 2008ZX10004 and 2009ZX10004the Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist,No. 09XD1402700+1 种基金the Program of Shanghai Research and Development,No. 10JC1408200a China Partnering Award from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council,United Kingdom
文摘AIM： To assess the safety of Bifidobacterium/ongum （B. longum） JDM301 based on complete genome sequences. METHODS： The complete genome sequences of JDM301 were determined using the GS 20 system. Putative virulence factors, putative antibiotic resis- tance genes and genes encoding enzymes respon- sible for harmful metabolites were identified by blast with virulence factors database, antibiotic resistance genes database and genes associated with harmful metabolites in previous reports. Minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 common antimicrobial agents was evaluated by E-test RESULTS： JDM301 was shown to contain 36 genes as- sociated with antibiotic resistance, 5 enzymes related to harmful metabolites and 162 nonspecific virulence fac- tors mainly associated with transcriptional regulation, adhesion, sugar and amino acid transport. B. longum JDM301 was intrinsically resistant to ciprofloxacin, ami- kacin, gentamicin and streptomycin and susceptible to vancomycin, amoxicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, imi- penem and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazol. JDM301 was moderately resistant to bacitracin, while an earlier study showed that bifidobacteria were susceptible to this antibiotic. A tetracycline resistance gene with the risk of transfer was found in JDM301, which needs to be experimentally validated. CONCLUSION： The safety assessment of JDM301 using information derived from complete bacterial ge- nome will contribute to a wider and deeper insight into the safety of probiotic bacteria.
文摘Pneumo-computed tomography (PnCT) is a technique primarily developed and used to study stenotic lesions of the esophagus, gastroesophageal junction and stom-ach for pre-surgical planning. It helps to define both upper and lower borders of neoplasms located in the aforementioned areas. It achieves maximum lumen distension with CO2 highlighting thickened areas of the esophageal wall, thus allowing an accurate quantifica-tion of their extents. Although there are other alterna-tives for distension (oral contrast agents, water and ef-fervescent granules), they may be suboptimal. Patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer have a dismal prognosis despite surgical resection. Therefore, neo-adjuvant treatment strategies using radiation therapy and chemotherapy were developed to improve sur-vival. Neoadjuvant therapy improves esophageal tumor prognosis in a substantial proportion of patients, and the use of imaging techniques is mandatory to detect their response. PnCT combined with virtual endoscopy and multiplanar reconstruction enhances morphologic details in esophageal cancer, and thus would allow animproved assessment of response to neoadjuvant treat-ment. Therefore, more information could be provided to assess the efficacy of pre-surgical treatment. We de-scribe the potential use of PnCT to assess the response to neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer with an imaging pathologic correlation.
文摘Two processes of utilizing polyvinyl chloride （PVC） waste, an incineration process and a vacuum pyrolysis process, for energy conversion were compared to determine their efficiency and environmental perfor- mance. We carried out a life cycle assessment with each of the two processes to evaluate their environmental impact and defined the goals and limits of our remit. As well, we established an inventory of PVC waste from incineration and vacuum pyrolysis based on process analysis, data collection and calculations. The results show that electrical power output per unit mass of PVC waste in the incineration process was twice as high as that of the vacuum pyrolysis process. Incineration had a larger total environmental impact potential than vacuum pyrolysis. The total environmental impact potential of PVC waste from incineration was three times higher than that from vacuum pyrolysis. Incineration of PVC disposed 300 ng. 100 kgI of dioxins and vacuum pyrolysis 98.19 ng- 100 kgI of dioxins. As well, we analyzed the data for their uncertainty with results quantified in terms of three uncertainties： basic uncertainty, additional uncertainty, and computational uncertainty. The coefficients of variation of the data were less than 25% and the quality of the inventory data was acceptable with low uncertainty. Both PVC waste disposal processes were of similar quality and their results comparable. The results of our life cycle impact assessment （LCIA） showed considerable reliability of our methodology. Overall, the vacuum pyrolysis process has a number advantages and greater potential for development of PVC disposal than the incineration process.
基金supported in partially by the National Society Science Fund of China(Grant No.09CJY020)the Special Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,China(Grant No. 2011585312)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Hohai University2010 Jiangsu Province Qing Lan Project
文摘Due to the increasingly serious environmental pollution and destruction,especially humans' unreasonable activities,the ecological and economic system(EES) issues of Northwest region in China have attracted more and more attention of the researchers.Aiming at evaluating its ecological and economic system health,a multi-objective evaluation framework called PressureState-Response(PSR) was established to describe the ecological and economic health situations.Meanwhile,an integrative set pair model combining set pair analysis(SPA) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(FAHP) was proposed to assess the ecological and economic system.Then the EES status of five northwest provinces(Shanxi,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia and Xinjiang) of Northwest region in China was evaluated during 1985 to 2009.The EES development trends of five provinces are obtained.In general,the health values of five provinces showed a rising trend.The health values of five provinces grew rapidly during 1985 to 2000.After 2000,the health values of five provinces still followed the present growth trend,but the growth is relatively smooth.The results show that the method proposed is effective for assessing the health of ecological and economic system.
