Misuse, overuse, and missed prescription of antimicrobials are the driving factors to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) leading to a globally increasing public health concern. This study was conducted to assess the curre...Misuse, overuse, and missed prescription of antimicrobials are the driving factors to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) leading to a globally increasing public health concern. This study was conducted to assess the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of village animal health workers (VAHWs) and veterinary drug retailers (VDRs) on antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The sample size was calculated following [1]. KAP data were scored and categorized following Bloom’s cut-off score. A total of 108 study populations (66 VAHWs and 42 VDRs) were purposively surveyed using a validated KAP questionnaire in 5 provinces across Cambodia. This study found that VAHWs and VDRs have moderate levels of knowledge (61% to 65%) and good attitudes towards AMU (83% to 84%) but employed moderate practices (59% to 74%) on AMU. VAHWs had moderate (66%);while DVRs had poor knowledge (58%) on AMR. Thus, regular awareness education specifically on proper use, prudent use, and stewardships on AMU and AMR in the form of refresher training or awareness events must be provided to VAHWs and VDRs to avoid inappropriate use of antimicrobials and spreading the AMR knowledge across Cambodia.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdan...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Antibiotic resistance is putting the commercial poultry production systems across the globe at risk of losses due to the failure of treatments for animals and human health which has been associated with overuse and misuse of antibiotics in poultry farming. One possible approach to the resistance problem is ensuring adequate knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antimicrobial use by farmers on commercial production systems across the globe are applied. Therefore, the current study was carried out to determine factors that could promote antimicrobial use in commercial poultry production systems of Kiambu County, Kenya. </span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Materials</span></b> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span></b> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span></span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted on commercial poultry production systems of Kiambu County to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antimicrobial use. One hundred and fifty-six (n = 156) semi-structured questionnaires imprinted in a mobile Open data kit were administered to capture the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antimicrobial usage in commercial poultry production systems of Kiambu County. </span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span></span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Out of the 156 commercial poultry farmers who participated in this study, females accounted for (64%) with 51% of them keeping layers between 50 - 500 birds as medium scale farmers. In the study</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> most of the farmers were 45 years and above (61%) and they had obtained a secondary level of education (34%). We further noted that 67% of the farmers obtain antibiotics through self-prescr展开更多
目的：评价某院采取多项举措干预Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期患者抗菌药物使用的效果，为抗菌药物合理应用提供依据。方法对2005—2012年该院每年4月份和10月份9823例Ⅰ类切口手术患者进行回顾性调查，以2005年的数据为基线，2006—2012年采...目的：评价某院采取多项举措干预Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期患者抗菌药物使用的效果，为抗菌药物合理应用提供依据。方法对2005—2012年该院每年4月份和10月份9823例Ⅰ类切口手术患者进行回顾性调查，以2005年的数据为基线，2006—2012年采取培训、考核、监督、反馈及与相关部门合作等多项举措进行干预，比较干预前后抗菌药物使用情况。结果Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期患者抗菌药物使用合格率从2006年的14．20％提高至2012年的92．30％；2006—2009年抗菌药物联合用药率偏高（7．00％～9．00％），2010—2012年呈下降趋势，2012年下降至3．20％。2006和2007年该院Ⅰ类切口手术预防使用抗菌药物种类与2005年（基线）基本相似，主要为头孢菌素类、青霉素及其复合制剂、氨基糖苷类；2008—2012年预防使用的主要抗菌药物是第一、二代头孢菌素，青霉素类及其复合制剂。多因素非条件 logistic 回归分析结果显示，年龄（40～59岁）、科室（骨科、普通外科和眼科）和年份（2011和2012年）是抗菌药物使用合格与否的主要影响因素（均 P ＜0．05）。结论采取多项举措进行干预可提高Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期抗菌药物使用合格率，减少使用抗菌药物种类，降低联合用药率。展开更多
文摘Misuse, overuse, and missed prescription of antimicrobials are the driving factors to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) leading to a globally increasing public health concern. This study was conducted to assess the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of village animal health workers (VAHWs) and veterinary drug retailers (VDRs) on antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The sample size was calculated following [1]. KAP data were scored and categorized following Bloom’s cut-off score. A total of 108 study populations (66 VAHWs and 42 VDRs) were purposively surveyed using a validated KAP questionnaire in 5 provinces across Cambodia. This study found that VAHWs and VDRs have moderate levels of knowledge (61% to 65%) and good attitudes towards AMU (83% to 84%) but employed moderate practices (59% to 74%) on AMU. VAHWs had moderate (66%);while DVRs had poor knowledge (58%) on AMR. Thus, regular awareness education specifically on proper use, prudent use, and stewardships on AMU and AMR in the form of refresher training or awareness events must be provided to VAHWs and VDRs to avoid inappropriate use of antimicrobials and spreading the AMR knowledge across Cambodia.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Antibiotic resistance is putting the commercial poultry production systems across the globe at risk of losses due to the failure of treatments for animals and human health which has been associated with overuse and misuse of antibiotics in poultry farming. One possible approach to the resistance problem is ensuring adequate knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antimicrobial use by farmers on commercial production systems across the globe are applied. Therefore, the current study was carried out to determine factors that could promote antimicrobial use in commercial poultry production systems of Kiambu County, Kenya. </span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Materials</span></b> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span></b> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span></span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted on commercial poultry production systems of Kiambu County to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antimicrobial use. One hundred and fifty-six (n = 156) semi-structured questionnaires imprinted in a mobile Open data kit were administered to capture the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antimicrobial usage in commercial poultry production systems of Kiambu County. </span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span></span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Out of the 156 commercial poultry farmers who participated in this study, females accounted for (64%) with 51% of them keeping layers between 50 - 500 birds as medium scale farmers. In the study</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> most of the farmers were 45 years and above (61%) and they had obtained a secondary level of education (34%). We further noted that 67% of the farmers obtain antibiotics through self-prescr
文摘目的：评价某院采取多项举措干预Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期患者抗菌药物使用的效果，为抗菌药物合理应用提供依据。方法对2005—2012年该院每年4月份和10月份9823例Ⅰ类切口手术患者进行回顾性调查，以2005年的数据为基线，2006—2012年采取培训、考核、监督、反馈及与相关部门合作等多项举措进行干预，比较干预前后抗菌药物使用情况。结果Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期患者抗菌药物使用合格率从2006年的14．20％提高至2012年的92．30％；2006—2009年抗菌药物联合用药率偏高（7．00％～9．00％），2010—2012年呈下降趋势，2012年下降至3．20％。2006和2007年该院Ⅰ类切口手术预防使用抗菌药物种类与2005年（基线）基本相似，主要为头孢菌素类、青霉素及其复合制剂、氨基糖苷类；2008—2012年预防使用的主要抗菌药物是第一、二代头孢菌素，青霉素类及其复合制剂。多因素非条件 logistic 回归分析结果显示，年龄（40～59岁）、科室（骨科、普通外科和眼科）和年份（2011和2012年）是抗菌药物使用合格与否的主要影响因素（均 P ＜0．05）。结论采取多项举措进行干预可提高Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期抗菌药物使用合格率，减少使用抗菌药物种类，降低联合用药率。
