AIM: To investigate whether microvessel density (MVD) is related with prognosis in gastric cancer patients, and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vessel endothelial growth factor (VEGF) so as to determine...AIM: To investigate whether microvessel density (MVD) is related with prognosis in gastric cancer patients, and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vessel endothelial growth factor (VEGF) so as to determine the possible role of COX-2 and VEGF in gastric cancer angiogenesis.METHODS: Forty-seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of gastric cancer were evaluated for COX-2, VEGF by immunohitochemical staining. To assess tumor angiogenesis, MVD was determined by immunohitochemical staining of endothelial protein factor Ⅷ-related antigen. The relationship among COX-2 and VEGF expression, MVD, and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 67 samples, high MVD was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival. Multivariate survival analysis showed that MVD value and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. The expression rate of COX-2 and VEGF was significantly higher than that of the adjacent tissues. COX-2 and VEGF expression in gastric cancer was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation and depth of invasion, but not with survival. The mean MVD value of COX-2 or VEGF positive tumors was higher than that of COX-2 or VEGF negative tumors. A significant correlation was found between the expressions of COX-2and VEGF. CONCLUSION: MVD may be one of the important prognostic factors for gastric cancer patients. COX-2 and VEGF may play an important role in tumor progression by stimulating angiogenesis. VEGF might play a main role in the COX-2 angiogenic pathway. The inhibition of angiogenesis or COX-2, VEGF activity may have an important therapeutic benefit in the control of gastric cancer.展开更多
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality This study was undertaken to analyze the epidemiological factors and evaluate the current sta...Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality This study was undertaken to analyze the epidemiological factors and evaluate the current status of treatment in patients with AF in China's Mainland Methods Retrospective analysis of hospital records were taken from patients with primary diagnosis of AF, discharged from January 1999 to December 2001 A total of 9297 cases (mean age 65 5 years) with AF were enrolled from 40 hospitals in major parts of China Results The percentage of hospital admissions with AF was gradually increased comparing to those of total cardiovascular admission during three years, with the average of 7 9% The cases distribution progressively rose with age The causes and associated conditions of AF: advanced age 58 1%, hypertension 40 3%, coronary heart disease 34 8%, heart failure 33 1%, rheumatic valvular disease 23 9%, idiopathic AF 7 4%, cardiomyopathy 5 4%, diabetes 4 1% The most common coexistence among these variables was advanced age with hypertension Permanent AF almost accounted for half of these cases (49 5%), paroxysmal and persistent AF were 33 7% and 16 7%, respectively Paroxysmal AF was mainly treated with rhythm control (56 4%) However, 82 8% of patients with chronic AF had therapeutic strategy of rate control In patients with persistent AF, the cardioversion had been attempted in cases more than 50%, with only 31 1% of these patients who could maintain stabilized sinus rhythm The prevalence of stroke in this group was 17 5% In nonvalvular AF patients the risk factors that significantly associated with stroke included advanced age, history of hypertension, coronary heart disease and type of AF Sixty four point five percent of these patients received antithrombotic therapy with dominated use of antiplatelet agents The long term prevention with anticoagulants only accounted for 6 6% In this investigation patients with antiplatelets as well as patients with anticoagulants showed significant lower stroke ra展开更多
Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety. Even though lots of methods for anti-icing have been in use or studied for quite a long time, new methods are still in great d...Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety. Even though lots of methods for anti-icing have been in use or studied for quite a long time, new methods are still in great demand for both civil and military aircraft. The current study in this paper uses widely used Dielectric Barrier Discharge（DBD） plasma actuation to anti-ice on a NACA0012 airfoil model with a chord length of 53.5 cm in a closed-circuit icing wind tunnel. An actuator was installed at the leading edge of the airfoil model, and actuated by a pulsed low-temperature plasma power source. The actuator has two types of layout, a striped electrode layout and a meshy electrode layout.The ice accretion process or anti-icing process was recorded by a CCD camera and an infrared camera. Instantaneous pictures and infrared contours show that both types of DBD plasma actuators have the ability for anti-ice under a freestream velocity of 90 m/s, a static temperature of -7℃,an Median Volume droplet Diameter（MVD） of 20 lm, and an Liquid Water Content（LWC） of 0.5 g/m^3. The detected variations of temperatures with time at specific locations reveal that the temperatures oscillate for some time after spraying at first, and then tend to be nearly constant values.This shows that the key point of the anti-icing mechanism with DBD plasma actuation is to achieve a thermal equilibrium on the model surface. Besides, the power consumption in the anti-icing process was estimated in this paper by Lissajous figures measured by an oscilloscope, and it is lower than those of existing anti-icing methods. The experimental results presented in this paper indicate that the DBD plasma anti-icing method is a promising technique in the future.展开更多
Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder of the retina occurring principally in new born preterm infants. It is an avoidable cause of childhood blindness. With the increase in the survival of pr...Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder of the retina occurring principally in new born preterm infants. It is an avoidable cause of childhood blindness. With the increase in the survival of preterm babies, ROP has become the leading cause of preventable childhood blindness throughout the world. A simple screening test done within a few weeks after birth by an ophthalmologist can avoid this preventable blindness. Although screening guidelines and protocols are strictly followed in the developed nations, it lacks in developing economies like India and China, which have the highest number of preterm deliveries in the world. The burden of this blindness in these countries is set to increase tremendously in the future, if corrective steps are not taken immediately. ROP first emerged in 1940 s and 1950 s, when it was called retrolental fibroplasia. Several epidemics of this disease were and are still occurring in different regions of the world and since then a lot of research has been done on this disease. However, till date very few comprehensive review articles covering all the aspects of ROP are published. This review highlights the past, present and future strategies in managing this disease. It would help the pediatricians to update their current knowledge on ROP.展开更多
目的母婴血型不合导致的胎儿及新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)多见于ABO及Rh系统,其他系统引起的少见。文中介绍了1例罕见的由抗-M抗体引起的严重胎儿溶血导致多次宫内死胎的案例,旨在加强对IgG型抗-M...目的母婴血型不合导致的胎儿及新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)多见于ABO及Rh系统,其他系统引起的少见。文中介绍了1例罕见的由抗-M抗体引起的严重胎儿溶血导致多次宫内死胎的案例,旨在加强对IgG型抗-M抗体临床重要性的认识。方法复习该经产妇的5次妊娠史及胎儿情况,对其及其丈夫血型进行血清学及基因分型,并对其血型抗体进行筛查及效价检测。结果该经产妇为NN血型,其丈夫为MM血型;其血清中检测出抗-M抗体,多次抗体效价测定值波动范围为1∶8至1∶64。结论通过对本例血型基因的分析,确诊为抗-M抗体引起的HDFN,提示对于原因不明的多次死胎、流产等,需要考虑到抗-M抗体或其他血型抗体引起的可能性。展开更多
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program (973 Program) of China (No. 2003CB515507) and Science and Technology Fund by Department of Education of Anhui Province
文摘AIM: To investigate whether microvessel density (MVD) is related with prognosis in gastric cancer patients, and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vessel endothelial growth factor (VEGF) so as to determine the possible role of COX-2 and VEGF in gastric cancer angiogenesis.METHODS: Forty-seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of gastric cancer were evaluated for COX-2, VEGF by immunohitochemical staining. To assess tumor angiogenesis, MVD was determined by immunohitochemical staining of endothelial protein factor Ⅷ-related antigen. The relationship among COX-2 and VEGF expression, MVD, and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 67 samples, high MVD was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival. Multivariate survival analysis showed that MVD value and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. The expression rate of COX-2 and VEGF was significantly higher than that of the adjacent tissues. COX-2 and VEGF expression in gastric cancer was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation and depth of invasion, but not with survival. The mean MVD value of COX-2 or VEGF positive tumors was higher than that of COX-2 or VEGF negative tumors. A significant correlation was found between the expressions of COX-2and VEGF. CONCLUSION: MVD may be one of the important prognostic factors for gastric cancer patients. COX-2 and VEGF may play an important role in tumor progression by stimulating angiogenesis. VEGF might play a main role in the COX-2 angiogenic pathway. The inhibition of angiogenesis or COX-2, VEGF activity may have an important therapeutic benefit in the control of gastric cancer.
文摘Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality This study was undertaken to analyze the epidemiological factors and evaluate the current status of treatment in patients with AF in China's Mainland Methods Retrospective analysis of hospital records were taken from patients with primary diagnosis of AF, discharged from January 1999 to December 2001 A total of 9297 cases (mean age 65 5 years) with AF were enrolled from 40 hospitals in major parts of China Results The percentage of hospital admissions with AF was gradually increased comparing to those of total cardiovascular admission during three years, with the average of 7 9% The cases distribution progressively rose with age The causes and associated conditions of AF: advanced age 58 1%, hypertension 40 3%, coronary heart disease 34 8%, heart failure 33 1%, rheumatic valvular disease 23 9%, idiopathic AF 7 4%, cardiomyopathy 5 4%, diabetes 4 1% The most common coexistence among these variables was advanced age with hypertension Permanent AF almost accounted for half of these cases (49 5%), paroxysmal and persistent AF were 33 7% and 16 7%, respectively Paroxysmal AF was mainly treated with rhythm control (56 4%) However, 82 8% of patients with chronic AF had therapeutic strategy of rate control In patients with persistent AF, the cardioversion had been attempted in cases more than 50%, with only 31 1% of these patients who could maintain stabilized sinus rhythm The prevalence of stroke in this group was 17 5% In nonvalvular AF patients the risk factors that significantly associated with stroke included advanced age, history of hypertension, coronary heart disease and type of AF Sixty four point five percent of these patients received antithrombotic therapy with dominated use of antiplatelet agents The long term prevention with anticoagulants only accounted for 6 6% In this investigation patients with antiplatelets as well as patients with anticoagulants showed significant lower stroke ra
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11472221)
文摘Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety. Even though lots of methods for anti-icing have been in use or studied for quite a long time, new methods are still in great demand for both civil and military aircraft. The current study in this paper uses widely used Dielectric Barrier Discharge（DBD） plasma actuation to anti-ice on a NACA0012 airfoil model with a chord length of 53.5 cm in a closed-circuit icing wind tunnel. An actuator was installed at the leading edge of the airfoil model, and actuated by a pulsed low-temperature plasma power source. The actuator has two types of layout, a striped electrode layout and a meshy electrode layout.The ice accretion process or anti-icing process was recorded by a CCD camera and an infrared camera. Instantaneous pictures and infrared contours show that both types of DBD plasma actuators have the ability for anti-ice under a freestream velocity of 90 m/s, a static temperature of -7℃,an Median Volume droplet Diameter（MVD） of 20 lm, and an Liquid Water Content（LWC） of 0.5 g/m^3. The detected variations of temperatures with time at specific locations reveal that the temperatures oscillate for some time after spraying at first, and then tend to be nearly constant values.This shows that the key point of the anti-icing mechanism with DBD plasma actuation is to achieve a thermal equilibrium on the model surface. Besides, the power consumption in the anti-icing process was estimated in this paper by Lissajous figures measured by an oscilloscope, and it is lower than those of existing anti-icing methods. The experimental results presented in this paper indicate that the DBD plasma anti-icing method is a promising technique in the future.
文摘Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder of the retina occurring principally in new born preterm infants. It is an avoidable cause of childhood blindness. With the increase in the survival of preterm babies, ROP has become the leading cause of preventable childhood blindness throughout the world. A simple screening test done within a few weeks after birth by an ophthalmologist can avoid this preventable blindness. Although screening guidelines and protocols are strictly followed in the developed nations, it lacks in developing economies like India and China, which have the highest number of preterm deliveries in the world. The burden of this blindness in these countries is set to increase tremendously in the future, if corrective steps are not taken immediately. ROP first emerged in 1940 s and 1950 s, when it was called retrolental fibroplasia. Several epidemics of this disease were and are still occurring in different regions of the world and since then a lot of research has been done on this disease. However, till date very few comprehensive review articles covering all the aspects of ROP are published. This review highlights the past, present and future strategies in managing this disease. It would help the pediatricians to update their current knowledge on ROP.
文摘目的母婴血型不合导致的胎儿及新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)多见于ABO及Rh系统,其他系统引起的少见。文中介绍了1例罕见的由抗-M抗体引起的严重胎儿溶血导致多次宫内死胎的案例,旨在加强对IgG型抗-M抗体临床重要性的认识。方法复习该经产妇的5次妊娠史及胎儿情况,对其及其丈夫血型进行血清学及基因分型,并对其血型抗体进行筛查及效价检测。结果该经产妇为NN血型,其丈夫为MM血型;其血清中检测出抗-M抗体,多次抗体效价测定值波动范围为1∶8至1∶64。结论通过对本例血型基因的分析,确诊为抗-M抗体引起的HDFN,提示对于原因不明的多次死胎、流产等,需要考虑到抗-M抗体或其他血型抗体引起的可能性。
