Synthetic dyes are recalcitrant to degradation and toxic to different organisms. Physical-chemical treatments of textile wastewaters are not sustainable in terms of costs. Biological treatments can be more convenient ...Synthetic dyes are recalcitrant to degradation and toxic to different organisms. Physical-chemical treatments of textile wastewaters are not sustainable in terms of costs. Biological treatments can be more convenient and the lig-nin-degrading extracellular enzymatic battery of basidiomycetes are capable to discolor synthetic dyes. Many basidi-omycetes are edible mushrooms whose industrial production generates significant amount of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) with residual high levels of lignin-degrading extracellular enzymatic activities. We have demon-strated that the low cost organic substrate, the SMS deriving from the cultivation of the basidiomycetes Pleurotus ostreatus, is able to discolor anthraquinonic, diazo and monoazo-dyes when incubated in dying chromo-reactive and chromo-acid baths containing surfactants and anti-foams, where the concentrations of the different dyes are exceeding the one recovered in the corresponding wastewaters. Laccase was the lignin-degrading extracellular enzyme involved in the discolouring process. The exploitation of the low cost SMS in the treatment of textile wastewaters is proposed. Accordingly, a toxicological assessment, based on a cyto-toxicity test on a human amnion epithelial cell line (WISH) and the estimation of the germination index (GI%) of Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativus and Sorghum bicolor, has been performed, showing the loss of toxicity of the chromo-baths after being discoloured by the SMS.展开更多
虎杖Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix在中国已有数千年治疗和预防疾病的历史,可用于改善腹泻、咳嗽、黄疸、炎症、闭经、烧伤和高脂血等症状。虎杖化学成分包括醌类、二苯乙烯类、黄酮类、苯丙素类等化合物。现代药理学和临床研究...虎杖Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix在中国已有数千年治疗和预防疾病的历史,可用于改善腹泻、咳嗽、黄疸、炎症、闭经、烧伤和高脂血等症状。虎杖化学成分包括醌类、二苯乙烯类、黄酮类、苯丙素类等化合物。现代药理学和临床研究表明,虎杖可用于治疗炎症、糖尿病、痛风、癌症、病毒性疾病、细菌感染性疾病、神经退行性疾病等,尤其对冠状病毒引起的呼吸性疾病具有良好抑制作用。系统地总结了近几年虎杖的国内外研究文献,从化学成分及其药理作用的角度展开了综述,为虎杖药用资源进一步开发和应用提供依据,也为虎杖在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中的应用提供科学依据。展开更多
茜草Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma是我国传统常用中药之一,具有行血、止血、通经活络等功效。茜草的化学成分丰富,以蒽醌类和萘醌类化合物为主,此外还含有环己肽类、萜类、多糖类和微量元素等;其药理活性多样,有止血、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎...茜草Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma是我国传统常用中药之一,具有行血、止血、通经活络等功效。茜草的化学成分丰富,以蒽醌类和萘醌类化合物为主,此外还含有环己肽类、萜类、多糖类和微量元素等;其药理活性多样,有止血、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、升高白细胞及免疫调节等作用;临床应用广泛,对崩漏、子宫异常出血、原发性痛经等妇科疾病和过敏性紫癜、肾性血尿等疾病具有显著的疗效。茜草具有非常重要的研究价值。主要从茜草的化学成分、药理作用、加工炮制和临床应用4方面阐述其近年来的研究进展,以期为茜草相关的研究和应用提供参考。展开更多
文摘Synthetic dyes are recalcitrant to degradation and toxic to different organisms. Physical-chemical treatments of textile wastewaters are not sustainable in terms of costs. Biological treatments can be more convenient and the lig-nin-degrading extracellular enzymatic battery of basidiomycetes are capable to discolor synthetic dyes. Many basidi-omycetes are edible mushrooms whose industrial production generates significant amount of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) with residual high levels of lignin-degrading extracellular enzymatic activities. We have demon-strated that the low cost organic substrate, the SMS deriving from the cultivation of the basidiomycetes Pleurotus ostreatus, is able to discolor anthraquinonic, diazo and monoazo-dyes when incubated in dying chromo-reactive and chromo-acid baths containing surfactants and anti-foams, where the concentrations of the different dyes are exceeding the one recovered in the corresponding wastewaters. Laccase was the lignin-degrading extracellular enzyme involved in the discolouring process. The exploitation of the low cost SMS in the treatment of textile wastewaters is proposed. Accordingly, a toxicological assessment, based on a cyto-toxicity test on a human amnion epithelial cell line (WISH) and the estimation of the germination index (GI%) of Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativus and Sorghum bicolor, has been performed, showing the loss of toxicity of the chromo-baths after being discoloured by the SMS.
文摘虎杖Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix在中国已有数千年治疗和预防疾病的历史,可用于改善腹泻、咳嗽、黄疸、炎症、闭经、烧伤和高脂血等症状。虎杖化学成分包括醌类、二苯乙烯类、黄酮类、苯丙素类等化合物。现代药理学和临床研究表明,虎杖可用于治疗炎症、糖尿病、痛风、癌症、病毒性疾病、细菌感染性疾病、神经退行性疾病等,尤其对冠状病毒引起的呼吸性疾病具有良好抑制作用。系统地总结了近几年虎杖的国内外研究文献,从化学成分及其药理作用的角度展开了综述,为虎杖药用资源进一步开发和应用提供依据,也为虎杖在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中的应用提供科学依据。
文摘茜草Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma是我国传统常用中药之一,具有行血、止血、通经活络等功效。茜草的化学成分丰富,以蒽醌类和萘醌类化合物为主,此外还含有环己肽类、萜类、多糖类和微量元素等;其药理活性多样,有止血、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、升高白细胞及免疫调节等作用;临床应用广泛,对崩漏、子宫异常出血、原发性痛经等妇科疾病和过敏性紫癜、肾性血尿等疾病具有显著的疗效。茜草具有非常重要的研究价值。主要从茜草的化学成分、药理作用、加工炮制和临床应用4方面阐述其近年来的研究进展,以期为茜草相关的研究和应用提供参考。
