目的:探讨慢性踝关节不稳(chronic ankle instability,CAI)患者在步行与单足支撑时的足底压力分布特点及其相关因素。方法:纳入75例CAI患者及40例正常人,对步行及单足站立时的足底压力参数进行对比分析,测量指标为足底每个区域的压强峰...目的:探讨慢性踝关节不稳(chronic ankle instability,CAI)患者在步行与单足支撑时的足底压力分布特点及其相关因素。方法:纳入75例CAI患者及40例正常人,对步行及单足站立时的足底压力参数进行对比分析,测量指标为足底每个区域的压强峰值、达峰时间、边界时间(time to boundary,TTB)和压力中心(center of pressure,COP)偏移速度等系列指标。评估CAI患、健侧差异以及与正常对照组的差异,并分析存在差异的足底压力指标与患者年龄、性别、侧别、体重指数、Beighton评分的相关性。结果:CAI患者患、健侧步行时均化峰值压力差异无统计学意义,但是与正常人相比,患侧的第一跖骨(t=2.99,P=0.02)和第二跖骨(t=2.09,P=0.01)、双侧的足跟内侧(患侧t=2.33,P=0.01;健侧t=3.74,P=0.02)和足趾区峰值压力(患侧t=2.23,P=0.01;健侧t=3.28,P=0.02)较小,患侧的第五跖骨区域(t=-3.86,P=0.03)的均化峰值压力较大,且患侧第四跖骨达峰时间较晚(t=3.33,P=0.01)。患侧的内外侧TTB最小值(t=-2.67,P=0.03)、极小值的平均值(t=-3.54,P=0.02)和标准差(t=-2.86,P=0.04)均明显小于健侧,与正常人相比,TTB系列与压力中心系列指标提示患、健侧在内外向和前后向均存在明显的稳定性缺陷(P<0.05)。女性、Beighton评分高的CAI患者内外向稳定性缺陷更明显(P<0.05)。结论:CAI患者在平地步行时患、健侧的足底压力分布特征与正常人存在明显差异,患侧足底COP明显向足外侧偏移。单足支撑时,患侧前后向及双侧的内外向姿势控制稳定性均明显弱于正常人,女性及伴有全身韧带松弛症的CAI患者内外向稳定性缺陷更明显。展开更多
慢性踝关节外侧不稳在临床十分常见,以反复踝关节扭伤、局部疼痛为主要表现,但手术适应证争议较大。为此,本研究搜索了Pubmed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library以及中国生物医学文献数据库、维普信息资源系统数据库。对文献进行...慢性踝关节外侧不稳在临床十分常见,以反复踝关节扭伤、局部疼痛为主要表现,但手术适应证争议较大。为此,本研究搜索了Pubmed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library以及中国生物医学文献数据库、维普信息资源系统数据库。对文献进行全面分析,发现大多数手术医生容易接受的手术适应证为:(1)具有踝关节反复扭伤或者疼痛等不稳症状,保守治疗3~6个月后仍存在症状;(2)通过前抽屉试验或者距骨倾斜试验、或者应力位摄X线片、或者磁共振MRI检查,提示存在踝关节机械性不稳的表现。本文对此现状进行全面综述,为规范化临床治疗提供依据。展开更多
目的探讨采用解剖路径骨-韧带修复技术治疗旋前型踝关节骨折的安全性和疗效。方法回顾分析2015年4月—2016年10月收治并符合选择标准的53例旋前型踝关节骨折患者临床资料,均采用解剖路径骨-韧带修复技术行切开复位内固定。男35例,女18例...目的探讨采用解剖路径骨-韧带修复技术治疗旋前型踝关节骨折的安全性和疗效。方法回顾分析2015年4月—2016年10月收治并符合选择标准的53例旋前型踝关节骨折患者临床资料,均采用解剖路径骨-韧带修复技术行切开复位内固定。男35例,女18例;年龄18~60岁,平均33.1岁。致伤原因:交通事故伤27例,摔伤5例,高处坠落伤4例,扭伤6例,运动伤4例,砸伤7例。Lauge-Hansen分型:旋前外旋型Ⅳ度44例,旋前外展型Ⅲ度9例。受伤至手术时间为4~10 d,平均7 d。术后参照美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)踝-后足评分评价踝关节功能,疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评价踝关节疼痛程度。摄双侧踝关节X线片和CT,测量内踝间隙(medial clear space,MCS)、下胫腓联合间隙(tibiofibular clear space,TFCS)、外踝尖至距骨外侧突距离(distal fibular tip to lateral process of talus,DFTL)以及下胫腓联合前间距、后间距和外踝扭转角,并进行比较。结果术中止血带应用时间为55~90 min,平均72.5 min;透视次数5~13次,平均8.9次。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成等并发症发生。53例患者均获随访,随访时间28~48个月,平均36个月。术后健、患侧MCS、TFCS、DFTL、下胫腓联合前间距及后间距、外踝扭转角比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时,无踝关节失稳发生,5例踝关节出现退变(Kellgren-LawrenceⅡ级)。AOFAS评分为85~95分,平均90.84分。踝关节活动度背伸15~25°,平均20.24°;跖屈30~50°,平均42.56°。疼痛VAS评分0~5分,平均1.23分。结论解剖路径骨-韧带修复技术治疗旋前型踝关节骨折能充分显露胫距关节和下胫腓联合、修复踝关节周围骨-韧带损伤,有助于下胫腓联合和胫距关节解剖复位,降低术后踝关节退变发生率。展开更多
Acute ankle sprain is the most common lower limb injury in athletes and accounts for 16%-40%of all sports-related injuries.It is especially common in basketball,American football,and soccer.The majority of sprains aff...Acute ankle sprain is the most common lower limb injury in athletes and accounts for 16%-40%of all sports-related injuries.It is especially common in basketball,American football,and soccer.The majority of sprains affect the lateral ligaments,particularly the anterior talofibular ligament.Despite its high prevalence,a high proportion of patients experience persistent residual symptoms and injury recurrence.A detailed history and proper physical examination are diagnostic cornerstones.Imaging is not indicated for the majority of ankle sprain cases and should be requested according to the Ottawa ankle rules.Several interventions have been recommended in the management of acute ankle sprains including rest,ice,compression,and elevation,analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications,bracing and immobilization,early weight-bearing and walking aids,foot orthoses,manual therapy,exercise therapy,electrophysical modalities and surgery(only in selected refractory cases).Among these interventions,exercise and bracing have been recommended with a higher level of evidence and should be incorporated in the rehabilitation process.An exercise program should be comprehensive and progressive including the range of motion,stretching,strengthening,neuromuscular,proprioceptive,and sport-specific exercises.Decision-making regarding return to the sport in athletes may be challenging and a sports physician should determine this based on the self-reported variables,manual tests for stability,and functional performance testing.There are some common myths and mistakes in the management of ankle sprains,which all clinicians should be aware of and avoid.These include excessive imaging,unwarranted non-weightbearing,unjustified immobilization,delay in functional movements,and inadequate rehabilitation.The application of an evidence-based algorithmic approach considering the individual characteristics is helpful and should be recommended.展开更多
Disruption of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis is frequently accompanied by rotational ankle fracture such as pronation-external rotation and rarely occurs without ankle fracture.In such injury,not only inadequatel...Disruption of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis is frequently accompanied by rotational ankle fracture such as pronation-external rotation and rarely occurs without ankle fracture.In such injury,not only inadequately treated or misdiagnosed cases,but also correctly diagnosed cases can possibly result in a chronic pattern which is more troublesome to treat than an acute pattern.This paper reviews anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of the distal tibiofibular joint,the mechanism of chronic disruption of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis,radiological and arthroscopic diagnosis,and surgical treatment.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨慢性踝关节不稳(chronic ankle instability,CAI)患者在步行与单足支撑时的足底压力分布特点及其相关因素。方法:纳入75例CAI患者及40例正常人,对步行及单足站立时的足底压力参数进行对比分析,测量指标为足底每个区域的压强峰值、达峰时间、边界时间(time to boundary,TTB)和压力中心(center of pressure,COP)偏移速度等系列指标。评估CAI患、健侧差异以及与正常对照组的差异,并分析存在差异的足底压力指标与患者年龄、性别、侧别、体重指数、Beighton评分的相关性。结果:CAI患者患、健侧步行时均化峰值压力差异无统计学意义,但是与正常人相比,患侧的第一跖骨(t=2.99,P=0.02)和第二跖骨(t=2.09,P=0.01)、双侧的足跟内侧(患侧t=2.33,P=0.01;健侧t=3.74,P=0.02)和足趾区峰值压力(患侧t=2.23,P=0.01;健侧t=3.28,P=0.02)较小,患侧的第五跖骨区域(t=-3.86,P=0.03)的均化峰值压力较大,且患侧第四跖骨达峰时间较晚(t=3.33,P=0.01)。患侧的内外侧TTB最小值(t=-2.67,P=0.03)、极小值的平均值(t=-3.54,P=0.02)和标准差(t=-2.86,P=0.04)均明显小于健侧,与正常人相比,TTB系列与压力中心系列指标提示患、健侧在内外向和前后向均存在明显的稳定性缺陷(P<0.05)。女性、Beighton评分高的CAI患者内外向稳定性缺陷更明显(P<0.05)。结论:CAI患者在平地步行时患、健侧的足底压力分布特征与正常人存在明显差异,患侧足底COP明显向足外侧偏移。单足支撑时,患侧前后向及双侧的内外向姿势控制稳定性均明显弱于正常人,女性及伴有全身韧带松弛症的CAI患者内外向稳定性缺陷更明显。
文摘慢性踝关节外侧不稳在临床十分常见,以反复踝关节扭伤、局部疼痛为主要表现,但手术适应证争议较大。为此,本研究搜索了Pubmed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library以及中国生物医学文献数据库、维普信息资源系统数据库。对文献进行全面分析,发现大多数手术医生容易接受的手术适应证为:(1)具有踝关节反复扭伤或者疼痛等不稳症状,保守治疗3~6个月后仍存在症状;(2)通过前抽屉试验或者距骨倾斜试验、或者应力位摄X线片、或者磁共振MRI检查,提示存在踝关节机械性不稳的表现。本文对此现状进行全面综述,为规范化临床治疗提供依据。
文摘目的探讨采用解剖路径骨-韧带修复技术治疗旋前型踝关节骨折的安全性和疗效。方法回顾分析2015年4月—2016年10月收治并符合选择标准的53例旋前型踝关节骨折患者临床资料,均采用解剖路径骨-韧带修复技术行切开复位内固定。男35例,女18例;年龄18~60岁,平均33.1岁。致伤原因:交通事故伤27例,摔伤5例,高处坠落伤4例,扭伤6例,运动伤4例,砸伤7例。Lauge-Hansen分型:旋前外旋型Ⅳ度44例,旋前外展型Ⅲ度9例。受伤至手术时间为4~10 d,平均7 d。术后参照美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)踝-后足评分评价踝关节功能,疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评价踝关节疼痛程度。摄双侧踝关节X线片和CT,测量内踝间隙(medial clear space,MCS)、下胫腓联合间隙(tibiofibular clear space,TFCS)、外踝尖至距骨外侧突距离(distal fibular tip to lateral process of talus,DFTL)以及下胫腓联合前间距、后间距和外踝扭转角,并进行比较。结果术中止血带应用时间为55~90 min,平均72.5 min;透视次数5~13次,平均8.9次。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成等并发症发生。53例患者均获随访,随访时间28~48个月,平均36个月。术后健、患侧MCS、TFCS、DFTL、下胫腓联合前间距及后间距、外踝扭转角比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时,无踝关节失稳发生,5例踝关节出现退变(Kellgren-LawrenceⅡ级)。AOFAS评分为85~95分,平均90.84分。踝关节活动度背伸15~25°,平均20.24°;跖屈30~50°,平均42.56°。疼痛VAS评分0~5分,平均1.23分。结论解剖路径骨-韧带修复技术治疗旋前型踝关节骨折能充分显露胫距关节和下胫腓联合、修复踝关节周围骨-韧带损伤,有助于下胫腓联合和胫距关节解剖复位,降低术后踝关节退变发生率。
文摘Acute ankle sprain is the most common lower limb injury in athletes and accounts for 16%-40%of all sports-related injuries.It is especially common in basketball,American football,and soccer.The majority of sprains affect the lateral ligaments,particularly the anterior talofibular ligament.Despite its high prevalence,a high proportion of patients experience persistent residual symptoms and injury recurrence.A detailed history and proper physical examination are diagnostic cornerstones.Imaging is not indicated for the majority of ankle sprain cases and should be requested according to the Ottawa ankle rules.Several interventions have been recommended in the management of acute ankle sprains including rest,ice,compression,and elevation,analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications,bracing and immobilization,early weight-bearing and walking aids,foot orthoses,manual therapy,exercise therapy,electrophysical modalities and surgery(only in selected refractory cases).Among these interventions,exercise and bracing have been recommended with a higher level of evidence and should be incorporated in the rehabilitation process.An exercise program should be comprehensive and progressive including the range of motion,stretching,strengthening,neuromuscular,proprioceptive,and sport-specific exercises.Decision-making regarding return to the sport in athletes may be challenging and a sports physician should determine this based on the self-reported variables,manual tests for stability,and functional performance testing.There are some common myths and mistakes in the management of ankle sprains,which all clinicians should be aware of and avoid.These include excessive imaging,unwarranted non-weightbearing,unjustified immobilization,delay in functional movements,and inadequate rehabilitation.The application of an evidence-based algorithmic approach considering the individual characteristics is helpful and should be recommended.
文摘Disruption of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis is frequently accompanied by rotational ankle fracture such as pronation-external rotation and rarely occurs without ankle fracture.In such injury,not only inadequately treated or misdiagnosed cases,but also correctly diagnosed cases can possibly result in a chronic pattern which is more troublesome to treat than an acute pattern.This paper reviews anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of the distal tibiofibular joint,the mechanism of chronic disruption of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis,radiological and arthroscopic diagnosis,and surgical treatment.
