Anastomotic leakage(AL) is one of the most devastating complications after rectal cancer surgery. The double stapling technique has greatly facilitated intestinal reconstruction especially for anastomosis after low an...Anastomotic leakage(AL) is one of the most devastating complications after rectal cancer surgery. The double stapling technique has greatly facilitated intestinal reconstruction especially for anastomosis after low anterior resection(LAR). Risk factor analyses for AL after open LAR have been widely reported. However, a few studies have analyzed the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR. Laparoscopic rectal surgery provides an excellent operative field in a narrow pelvic space, and enables total mesorectal excision surgery and preservation of the autonomic nervous system with greater precision. However, rectal transection using a laparoscopic linear stapler is relatively difficult compared with open surgery because of the width and limited performance of the linear stapler. Moreover, laparoscopic LAR exhibits a different postoperative course compared with open LAR, which suggests that the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR may also differ from those after open LAR. In this review, we will discuss the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR.展开更多
目的:探讨肠内营养辅助治疗对食管癌患者术后吻合口瘘的预防效果及对患者免疫功能、愈合进程及营养恢复的影响。方法:回顾性分析90例行手术治疗的食管癌患者临床资料,根据其术后营养辅助治疗方式分为A(n=34)、B(n=30)、C(n=26)三组。A...目的:探讨肠内营养辅助治疗对食管癌患者术后吻合口瘘的预防效果及对患者免疫功能、愈合进程及营养恢复的影响。方法:回顾性分析90例行手术治疗的食管癌患者临床资料,根据其术后营养辅助治疗方式分为A(n=34)、B(n=30)、C(n=26)三组。A组接受免疫增强型肠内营养(瑞能)辅助治疗方案,B组采用常规肠内营养(能全力)辅助治疗方案,两组均于术后第1天、第2天及第3~7天给予全量的25%、50%和100%后,逐日减少剂量直至过渡到正常饮食;C组接受肠外营养辅助治疗方案,术后第1天起静脉输注葡萄糖、维生素、氨基酸等混合液,以125.52 k J/kg计算,应用8~10 d后逐渐过渡至正常饮食。观察对比三组受试者术后吻合口瘘、肺部感染、切口感染发生率及创口愈合时间、总住院时间、首次排气时间差异,记录其术前及术后第1、8天时免疫指标[T淋巴细胞及其亚群(CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+)]、炎症因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、IL-6]、营养指标[血清总蛋白(TP)、清蛋白(ALB)]变化情况。结果:(1)三组术后吻合口瘘及肺部感染发生率对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且C组发生率显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。(2)三组创口愈合时间、总住院时间及首次排气时间对比均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且C组均长于其他两组(P<0.05)。(3)术后第1天,三组患者CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+等免疫指标水平及TP、ALB等营养指标水平均较术前显著降低,CD8^+水平及CRP、IL-6等炎症因子水平则较术前显著提升(P<0.05),但组间对比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后第8天,三组各营养指标仍明显低于术前,但A、B组显著高于C组(P<0.05);各炎症因子指标仍显著高于术前(P<0.05),但A、B组显著低于C组(P<0.05)。三组中A组术后第8天各免疫指标与术前比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余两组患者CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+水平均较术前降低,CD8^+水平则明显提升(P<0.05)。结论:食管癌患者术后�展开更多
Every colorectal surgeon during his or her career is faced with anastomotic leakage(AL); one of the most dreaded complications following any type of gastrointestinal anastomosis due to increased risk of morbidity, mor...Every colorectal surgeon during his or her career is faced with anastomotic leakage(AL); one of the most dreaded complications following any type of gastrointestinal anastomosis due to increased risk of morbidity, mortality, overall impact on functional and oncologic outcome and drainage on hospital resources. In order to understand and give an overview of the AL risk factors in laparoscopic colorectal surgery, we carried out a careful review of the existing literature on this topic and found several different definitions of AL which leads us to believe that the lack of a consensual, standard definition can partly explain the considerable variations in reported rates of AL in clinical studies. Colorectal leak rates have been found to vary depending on the anatomic location of the anastomosis with reported incidence rates ranging from 0 to 20%, while the laparoscopic approach to colorectal resections has not yet been associated with a significant reduction in AL incidence. As well, numerous risk factors, though identified, lack unanimous recognition amongst researchers. For example, the majority of papers describe the risk factors for left-sided anastomosis, the principal risk being male sex and lower anastomosis, while little data exists defining AL risk factors in a right colectomy. Also, gut microbioma is gaining an emerging role as potential risk factor for leakage.展开更多
文摘Anastomotic leakage(AL) is one of the most devastating complications after rectal cancer surgery. The double stapling technique has greatly facilitated intestinal reconstruction especially for anastomosis after low anterior resection(LAR). Risk factor analyses for AL after open LAR have been widely reported. However, a few studies have analyzed the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR. Laparoscopic rectal surgery provides an excellent operative field in a narrow pelvic space, and enables total mesorectal excision surgery and preservation of the autonomic nervous system with greater precision. However, rectal transection using a laparoscopic linear stapler is relatively difficult compared with open surgery because of the width and limited performance of the linear stapler. Moreover, laparoscopic LAR exhibits a different postoperative course compared with open LAR, which suggests that the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR may also differ from those after open LAR. In this review, we will discuss the risk factors for AL after laparoscopic LAR.
文摘目的:探讨肠内营养辅助治疗对食管癌患者术后吻合口瘘的预防效果及对患者免疫功能、愈合进程及营养恢复的影响。方法:回顾性分析90例行手术治疗的食管癌患者临床资料,根据其术后营养辅助治疗方式分为A(n=34)、B(n=30)、C(n=26)三组。A组接受免疫增强型肠内营养(瑞能)辅助治疗方案,B组采用常规肠内营养(能全力)辅助治疗方案,两组均于术后第1天、第2天及第3~7天给予全量的25%、50%和100%后,逐日减少剂量直至过渡到正常饮食;C组接受肠外营养辅助治疗方案,术后第1天起静脉输注葡萄糖、维生素、氨基酸等混合液,以125.52 k J/kg计算,应用8~10 d后逐渐过渡至正常饮食。观察对比三组受试者术后吻合口瘘、肺部感染、切口感染发生率及创口愈合时间、总住院时间、首次排气时间差异,记录其术前及术后第1、8天时免疫指标[T淋巴细胞及其亚群(CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+)]、炎症因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、IL-6]、营养指标[血清总蛋白(TP)、清蛋白(ALB)]变化情况。结果:(1)三组术后吻合口瘘及肺部感染发生率对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且C组发生率显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。(2)三组创口愈合时间、总住院时间及首次排气时间对比均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且C组均长于其他两组(P<0.05)。(3)术后第1天,三组患者CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+等免疫指标水平及TP、ALB等营养指标水平均较术前显著降低,CD8^+水平及CRP、IL-6等炎症因子水平则较术前显著提升(P<0.05),但组间对比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后第8天,三组各营养指标仍明显低于术前,但A、B组显著高于C组(P<0.05);各炎症因子指标仍显著高于术前(P<0.05),但A、B组显著低于C组(P<0.05)。三组中A组术后第8天各免疫指标与术前比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余两组患者CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+水平均较术前降低,CD8^+水平则明显提升(P<0.05)。结论:食管癌患者术后�
文摘Every colorectal surgeon during his or her career is faced with anastomotic leakage(AL); one of the most dreaded complications following any type of gastrointestinal anastomosis due to increased risk of morbidity, mortality, overall impact on functional and oncologic outcome and drainage on hospital resources. In order to understand and give an overview of the AL risk factors in laparoscopic colorectal surgery, we carried out a careful review of the existing literature on this topic and found several different definitions of AL which leads us to believe that the lack of a consensual, standard definition can partly explain the considerable variations in reported rates of AL in clinical studies. Colorectal leak rates have been found to vary depending on the anatomic location of the anastomosis with reported incidence rates ranging from 0 to 20%, while the laparoscopic approach to colorectal resections has not yet been associated with a significant reduction in AL incidence. As well, numerous risk factors, though identified, lack unanimous recognition amongst researchers. For example, the majority of papers describe the risk factors for left-sided anastomosis, the principal risk being male sex and lower anastomosis, while little data exists defining AL risk factors in a right colectomy. Also, gut microbioma is gaining an emerging role as potential risk factor for leakage.
