To investigate inter- and intra-hemispheric electroencephalography (EEG) coherence at rest and during photic stimulation of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thirty-five patients (12 males, 23 females; 52～6...To investigate inter- and intra-hemispheric electroencephalography (EEG) coherence at rest and during photic stimulation of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thirty-five patients (12 males, 23 females; 52～64 y) and 33 sex- and age-matched controls (12 males, 21 females; 56～65 y) were recruited in the present study. EEG signals from C3-C4, P3-P4, T5-T6and O1-O2 electrode pairs resulted from the inter-hemispheric action, and EEG signals from C3-P3, C4-P4, P3-O1, P4-O2, C3-O1,C4-O2, T5-O 1 and T6-O2 electrode pairs resulted from the intra-hemispheric action. The influence of inter- and intra-hemispheric coherence on EEG activity with eyes closed was examined, using fast Fourier transformation from the 16 sampled channels. The frequencies of photic stimulation were fixed at 5, 10 and 15 Hz, respectively. The general decrease of AD patients in inter- and intra-hemispheric EEG coherence was more significant than that of the normal controls at the resting EEG, with most striking decrease observed in the alpha-1 (8.0-9.0 Hz) and alpha-2 (9.5-12.5 Hz) bands. During photic stimulation, inter- and intra-hemispheric EEG coherences of the AD patients having lower values in the alpha (9.5-10.5 Hz) band than those of the control group. It suggests that under stimulated and non-stimulated conditions, AD patients had impaired inter- and intra-hemispheric functional connections, indicating failure of brain activation in alpha-related frequency.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neuro- degenerative disorder characterized by the presence of senile plaques primarily composed of amyloid β in brain. Abnor- mal secretion and aggregation of amyloid β are the ...Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neuro- degenerative disorder characterized by the presence of senile plaques primarily composed of amyloid β in brain. Abnor- mal secretion and aggregation of amyloid β are the key events in pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Reduction of amyloid β production and inhibition of amyloid β aggrega- tion to form senile plaques are hopeful strategies for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer’s disease. In the pre- sent study, the silver and immunohistochemical staining methods were applied to discover senile plaques in the hip- pocampus of Alzheimer’s disease patients, and then images were processed and three-dimensionally reconstructed by Matlab and AVS software. The structure characteristics of senile plaques were measured through correlation function calculation and fractal dimension by a computer-aided method. Diffuse plaque had no amyloid center, but classic plaque presented compact central core structure; two types of plaques were both of porous structure, but the sizes of their pores were significantly different. Furthermore, there was difference in fractal dimension value between the diffuse plaque and classic plaque in the two staining methods. The comparison of structure characteristics between two types of plaques indicated that they developed independently. Estab- lishment of the methods for reconstructing the three-dimen- sional structure of senile plaque and analyzing their struc- ture characteristics is helpful for further study on the aggre- gation mechanism of senile plaque.展开更多
Acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain （AOSC）, a D-mannuronic acid oligosaccharide, derived from brownalgaepolysaccharide, has been completed Phase I clinical trial in China as an anti-Alzheimer＇s Disease （AD） drug c...Acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain （AOSC）, a D-mannuronic acid oligosaccharide, derived from brownalgaepolysaccharide, has been completed Phase I clinical trial in China as an anti-Alzheimer＇s Disease （AD） drug candidate. The identification of AOSC-binding protein（s） in neurons is very important for understanding its action mechanism. To determine the binding protein（s） of AOSC in neurons mediating its anti-AD activities, confocal microscopy, affinity chromatography, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） analysis were used. Confocal microscopy analysis shows that AOSC binds to SH-SY5Y cells in concentration-, time-, and temperature-dependent fashions. The AOSC binding proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and identified by LC-MS/MS analysis. The results showed that there are 349 proteins binding AOSC, including clathrin, adaptor protein-2 （AP-2） and amyloid precursor protein （APP）. These results suggest that the binding/entrance of AOSC to neurons is probably responsible for anti-AD activities.展开更多
Zhi Ling Tang (ZLT [symbol: see text], a TCM prescription designed for replenishing essence, supplementing marrow, invigorating qi, warming yang, removing blood stasis and phlegm, tonifying the brain, and invigorating...Zhi Ling Tang (ZLT [symbol: see text], a TCM prescription designed for replenishing essence, supplementing marrow, invigorating qi, warming yang, removing blood stasis and phlegm, tonifying the brain, and invigorating mental activity) was used in 32 cases of senile dementia (SD). After treatment, the levels of serum cholesterol (Tch), triglyceride (TG), and plasma lipid peroxides (LPO) were lowered; the content of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in RBC significantly elevated, the cerebral blood flow was increased; latent period of P300 and P3 waves was shortened while the amplitude of P3 elevated; and topographic electroencephalogram, revised Hasegawa dementia scales (HDS) scores (P展开更多
Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on cytochrome c oxidase(COX) activity of hippocampal mitochondria in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8) mice, and to explore the EA mechanism on Alzh...Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on cytochrome c oxidase(COX) activity of hippocampal mitochondria in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8) mice, and to explore the EA mechanism on Alzheimer disease(AD) in improving energy metabolic disorder. Methods: Twelve SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into a model group and an EA group, with six in each group. Six senescence-accelerated mouse resistance 1(SAMR1) mice were prepared as blank group. Mice in the EA group received EA on Baihui(GV 20) and Yongquan(KI 1), once a day for 7 d as a course, altogether 3 courses with one day interval between two courses. Mice in the model group and the blank group were manipulated and fixed as those in the EA group. After interventions, Morris water maze was employed to test spatial learning and memory ability to evaluate EA effect; spectrophotometry was used to detect the activity of hippocampal mitochondria COX. Results: Compared with the blank group, mean escape latencies of the EA group and model group were prolonged significantly in Morris water maze tests(P<0.01), the residue duration in the former platform quadrant significantly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, mean escape latencies on 1 d, 2 d and 3 d of the EA group were significantly reduced(P<0.05), and those on 4 d and 5 d continued the decreasing tendency(P<0.01), the residue duration on the former platform quadrant was significantly prolonged(P<0.05). The COX activity tests showed that, compared with the blank group, COX activities of the model group and the EA group were significantly decreased(P<0.01); compared with the model group, COX activity of the EA group was significantly elevated(P<0.01). Conclusion: It's plausible that EA improves AD learning and memory ability by increasing mitochondria COX activity, protecting the structure and function, and improving energy metabolism.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder that impairs memory, cognition and behavior, has become the most frequent senile dementia, currently crippling more than 20 million people across the world. S...Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder that impairs memory, cognition and behavior, has become the most frequent senile dementia, currently crippling more than 20 million people across the world. Scientists have found that the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain features the pathological change of the disease. Unfortunately, they haven't found an effective method to make in-vivo detection of the plagues in brain tissue.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Foundation from the Health Bureau ofZhejiang Province (2004-2005) and the Science & Technology pro-ject of Zhejiang Province (2004-2005) China
文摘To investigate inter- and intra-hemispheric electroencephalography (EEG) coherence at rest and during photic stimulation of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thirty-five patients (12 males, 23 females; 52～64 y) and 33 sex- and age-matched controls (12 males, 21 females; 56～65 y) were recruited in the present study. EEG signals from C3-C4, P3-P4, T5-T6and O1-O2 electrode pairs resulted from the inter-hemispheric action, and EEG signals from C3-P3, C4-P4, P3-O1, P4-O2, C3-O1,C4-O2, T5-O 1 and T6-O2 electrode pairs resulted from the intra-hemispheric action. The influence of inter- and intra-hemispheric coherence on EEG activity with eyes closed was examined, using fast Fourier transformation from the 16 sampled channels. The frequencies of photic stimulation were fixed at 5, 10 and 15 Hz, respectively. The general decrease of AD patients in inter- and intra-hemispheric EEG coherence was more significant than that of the normal controls at the resting EEG, with most striking decrease observed in the alpha-1 (8.0-9.0 Hz) and alpha-2 (9.5-12.5 Hz) bands. During photic stimulation, inter- and intra-hemispheric EEG coherences of the AD patients having lower values in the alpha (9.5-10.5 Hz) band than those of the control group. It suggests that under stimulated and non-stimulated conditions, AD patients had impaired inter- and intra-hemispheric functional connections, indicating failure of brain activation in alpha-related frequency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30271434)the Key Grant Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(Grant No.02046).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neuro- degenerative disorder characterized by the presence of senile plaques primarily composed of amyloid β in brain. Abnor- mal secretion and aggregation of amyloid β are the key events in pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Reduction of amyloid β production and inhibition of amyloid β aggrega- tion to form senile plaques are hopeful strategies for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer’s disease. In the pre- sent study, the silver and immunohistochemical staining methods were applied to discover senile plaques in the hip- pocampus of Alzheimer’s disease patients, and then images were processed and three-dimensionally reconstructed by Matlab and AVS software. The structure characteristics of senile plaques were measured through correlation function calculation and fractal dimension by a computer-aided method. Diffuse plaque had no amyloid center, but classic plaque presented compact central core structure; two types of plaques were both of porous structure, but the sizes of their pores were significantly different. Furthermore, there was difference in fractal dimension value between the diffuse plaque and classic plaque in the two staining methods. The comparison of structure characteristics between two types of plaques indicated that they developed independently. Estab- lishment of the methods for reconstructing the three-dimen- sional structure of senile plaque and analyzing their struc- ture characteristics is helpful for further study on the aggre- gation mechanism of senile plaque.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No.2003CB716400)Natural Science Foundation of China for Distingutshed Young Scholars (No.30725046)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30472029,No.30772612)Chinese High technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program) (No.2006AA090501)
文摘Acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain （AOSC）, a D-mannuronic acid oligosaccharide, derived from brownalgaepolysaccharide, has been completed Phase I clinical trial in China as an anti-Alzheimer＇s Disease （AD） drug candidate. The identification of AOSC-binding protein（s） in neurons is very important for understanding its action mechanism. To determine the binding protein（s） of AOSC in neurons mediating its anti-AD activities, confocal microscopy, affinity chromatography, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） analysis were used. Confocal microscopy analysis shows that AOSC binds to SH-SY5Y cells in concentration-, time-, and temperature-dependent fashions. The AOSC binding proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and identified by LC-MS/MS analysis. The results showed that there are 349 proteins binding AOSC, including clathrin, adaptor protein-2 （AP-2） and amyloid precursor protein （APP）. These results suggest that the binding/entrance of AOSC to neurons is probably responsible for anti-AD activities.
文摘Zhi Ling Tang (ZLT [symbol: see text], a TCM prescription designed for replenishing essence, supplementing marrow, invigorating qi, warming yang, removing blood stasis and phlegm, tonifying the brain, and invigorating mental activity) was used in 32 cases of senile dementia (SD). After treatment, the levels of serum cholesterol (Tch), triglyceride (TG), and plasma lipid peroxides (LPO) were lowered; the content of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in RBC significantly elevated, the cerebral blood flow was increased; latent period of P300 and P3 waves was shortened while the amplitude of P3 elevated; and topographic electroencephalogram, revised Hasegawa dementia scales (HDS) scores (P
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30472235)Scientific Science Foundation for the Youth of the Education Department of Sichuan Province (No. 2006B023)
文摘Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on cytochrome c oxidase(COX) activity of hippocampal mitochondria in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8) mice, and to explore the EA mechanism on Alzheimer disease(AD) in improving energy metabolic disorder. Methods: Twelve SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into a model group and an EA group, with six in each group. Six senescence-accelerated mouse resistance 1(SAMR1) mice were prepared as blank group. Mice in the EA group received EA on Baihui(GV 20) and Yongquan(KI 1), once a day for 7 d as a course, altogether 3 courses with one day interval between two courses. Mice in the model group and the blank group were manipulated and fixed as those in the EA group. After interventions, Morris water maze was employed to test spatial learning and memory ability to evaluate EA effect; spectrophotometry was used to detect the activity of hippocampal mitochondria COX. Results: Compared with the blank group, mean escape latencies of the EA group and model group were prolonged significantly in Morris water maze tests(P<0.01), the residue duration in the former platform quadrant significantly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, mean escape latencies on 1 d, 2 d and 3 d of the EA group were significantly reduced(P<0.05), and those on 4 d and 5 d continued the decreasing tendency(P<0.01), the residue duration on the former platform quadrant was significantly prolonged(P<0.05). The COX activity tests showed that, compared with the blank group, COX activities of the model group and the EA group were significantly decreased(P<0.01); compared with the model group, COX activity of the EA group was significantly elevated(P<0.01). Conclusion: It's plausible that EA improves AD learning and memory ability by increasing mitochondria COX activity, protecting the structure and function, and improving energy metabolism.
文摘Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder that impairs memory, cognition and behavior, has become the most frequent senile dementia, currently crippling more than 20 million people across the world. Scientists have found that the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain features the pathological change of the disease. Unfortunately, they haven't found an effective method to make in-vivo detection of the plagues in brain tissue.
