Solar-driven photocatalytic water/seawater splitting holds great potential for green hydrogen production.However,the practical application is hindered by the relatively low conversion efficiency resulting from the ina...Solar-driven photocatalytic water/seawater splitting holds great potential for green hydrogen production.However,the practical application is hindered by the relatively low conversion efficiency resulting from the inadequate utilization of solar spectrum with significant waste in the form of heat.Moreover,current equipment struggles to maintain all-day operation subjected to the lack of light during nighttime.Herein,a novel hybrid system integrating photothermal catalytic(PTC)reactor,thermoelectric generator(TEG),and phase change materials(PCM)was proposed and designed(named as PTC-TEG-PCM)to address these challenges and enable simultaneous overall seawater splitting and 24-hour power generation.The PTC system effectively maintains in an optimal temperature range to maximize photothermal-assisted photocatalytic hydrogen production.The TEG component recycles the low-grade waste heat for power generation,complementing the shortcoming of photocatalytic conversion and achieving cascade utilization of full-spectrum solar energy.Furthermore,exceptional thermal storage capability of PCM allow for the conversion of released heat into electricity during nighttime,contributing significantly to the overall power output and enabling PTC-TEG-PCM to operate for more than 12 h under the actual condition.Compared to traditional PTC system,the overall energy conversion efficiency of the PTC-TEG-PCM system can be increased by∼500%,while maintaining the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency.The advancement of this novel system demonstrated that recycling waste heat from the PTC system and utilizing heat absorption/release capability of PCM for thermoelectric application are effective strategies to improve solar energy conversion.With flexible parameter designing,PTC-TEG-PCM can be applied in various scenarios,offering high efficiency,stability,and sustainability.展开更多
建立导航星星表是星敏感器设计的重点工作。根据全天时星敏感器工作特点,选用2M ASS(tw o micron all sky survey)星表为原始恒星数据源。在分析其数据结构的基础上,讨论选用双星为导航星,计算等效星等和位置的方法。详细描述处理2MASS...建立导航星星表是星敏感器设计的重点工作。根据全天时星敏感器工作特点,选用2M ASS(tw o micron all sky survey)星表为原始恒星数据源。在分析其数据结构的基础上,讨论选用双星为导航星,计算等效星等和位置的方法。详细描述处理2MASS星表,构建全天时星敏感器导航星星库的过程。结果表明,相同极限星等条件下,近红外波段导航星星数远多于可见光波段,全天时星敏感器相机可选用较小口径或较小视场系统。展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Science Center Program for Ordered Energy Conversion of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52488201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52376209)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020T130503 and 2020M673386)the China Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Solar-driven photocatalytic water/seawater splitting holds great potential for green hydrogen production.However,the practical application is hindered by the relatively low conversion efficiency resulting from the inadequate utilization of solar spectrum with significant waste in the form of heat.Moreover,current equipment struggles to maintain all-day operation subjected to the lack of light during nighttime.Herein,a novel hybrid system integrating photothermal catalytic(PTC)reactor,thermoelectric generator(TEG),and phase change materials(PCM)was proposed and designed(named as PTC-TEG-PCM)to address these challenges and enable simultaneous overall seawater splitting and 24-hour power generation.The PTC system effectively maintains in an optimal temperature range to maximize photothermal-assisted photocatalytic hydrogen production.The TEG component recycles the low-grade waste heat for power generation,complementing the shortcoming of photocatalytic conversion and achieving cascade utilization of full-spectrum solar energy.Furthermore,exceptional thermal storage capability of PCM allow for the conversion of released heat into electricity during nighttime,contributing significantly to the overall power output and enabling PTC-TEG-PCM to operate for more than 12 h under the actual condition.Compared to traditional PTC system,the overall energy conversion efficiency of the PTC-TEG-PCM system can be increased by∼500%,while maintaining the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency.The advancement of this novel system demonstrated that recycling waste heat from the PTC system and utilizing heat absorption/release capability of PCM for thermoelectric application are effective strategies to improve solar energy conversion.With flexible parameter designing,PTC-TEG-PCM can be applied in various scenarios,offering high efficiency,stability,and sustainability.
文摘建立导航星星表是星敏感器设计的重点工作。根据全天时星敏感器工作特点,选用2M ASS(tw o micron all sky survey)星表为原始恒星数据源。在分析其数据结构的基础上,讨论选用双星为导航星,计算等效星等和位置的方法。详细描述处理2MASS星表,构建全天时星敏感器导航星星库的过程。结果表明,相同极限星等条件下,近红外波段导航星星数远多于可见光波段,全天时星敏感器相机可选用较小口径或较小视场系统。
