Vascular plants contain two gene families that encode monosaccharide transporter proteins. The classical monosaccharide transporter（-like） gene superfamily is large and functionally diverse, while the recently ident...Vascular plants contain two gene families that encode monosaccharide transporter proteins. The classical monosaccharide transporter（-like） gene superfamily is large and functionally diverse, while the recently identified SWEET transporter family is smaller and, thus far, only found to transport glucose. These transporters play essential roles at many levels, ranging from organelles to the whole plant. Many family members are essential for cellular homeostasis and reproductive success. Although most transporters do not directly participate in long-distance transport, their indirect roles greatly impact carbon allocation and transport flux to the heterotrophic tissues of the plant. Functional characterization of some members from both gene families has revealed their diverse roles in carbohydrate partitioning, phloem function, resource allocation, plant defense, and sugar signaling. This review highlights the broad impacts and implications of monosaccharide transport by describing some of the functional roles of the monosaccharide transporter（-like） superfamily and the SWEET transporter family.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Fatty liver disease (FLD) is increasingly recognized as one of the most common chronic liver diseases in China. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of FLD in Chengdu, Southwest ...BACKGROUND: Fatty liver disease (FLD) is increasingly recognized as one of the most common chronic liver diseases in China. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of FLD in Chengdu, Southwest China, and to provide a relevant basis for the prevention and intervention of FLD. METHODS: Altogether 9094 subjects (4721 men and 4373 women) of over 18 years old who had received a medical checkup in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January and December 2007 were evaluated for FLD. FLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Body mass index (BMI), height, body weight, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TCh), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured using routine laboratory methods. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of FLD was 12.5%, which was more than 3-fold higher in males than in females 2 (18.9% vs. 5.7%, chi(2) =359.624, P<0.001). The prevalence increased with age in females and males of less than 50 years. The prevalence of alcoholic, suspected alcoholic, and non-alcoholic FLD was 2.6%, 3.6%, and 6.3%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that 10 factors (male sex, age, BMI, FPG, hypertension, TG, TCh, HDL-C, LDL-C, and ALT abnormalities) were closely related to FLD. In heavy drinkers, obesity increased the risk of FLD by 23.78-fold (95% CI, 10.22-55.33), but heavy drinking was only associated with a 2-fold (95% CI, 1.50-2.66) increased risk in obese subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of FLD among a health-checkup population in Chengdu, Southwest China was lower than the published for other areas of China. FLD in Chengdu adults was found to be closely associated with sex, age, BMI, and other metabolic syndrome features.展开更多
文摘Vascular plants contain two gene families that encode monosaccharide transporter proteins. The classical monosaccharide transporter（-like） gene superfamily is large and functionally diverse, while the recently identified SWEET transporter family is smaller and, thus far, only found to transport glucose. These transporters play essential roles at many levels, ranging from organelles to the whole plant. Many family members are essential for cellular homeostasis and reproductive success. Although most transporters do not directly participate in long-distance transport, their indirect roles greatly impact carbon allocation and transport flux to the heterotrophic tissues of the plant. Functional characterization of some members from both gene families has revealed their diverse roles in carbohydrate partitioning, phloem function, resource allocation, plant defense, and sugar signaling. This review highlights the broad impacts and implications of monosaccharide transport by describing some of the functional roles of the monosaccharide transporter（-like） superfamily and the SWEET transporter family.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30571640)
文摘BACKGROUND: Fatty liver disease (FLD) is increasingly recognized as one of the most common chronic liver diseases in China. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of FLD in Chengdu, Southwest China, and to provide a relevant basis for the prevention and intervention of FLD. METHODS: Altogether 9094 subjects (4721 men and 4373 women) of over 18 years old who had received a medical checkup in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January and December 2007 were evaluated for FLD. FLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Body mass index (BMI), height, body weight, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TCh), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured using routine laboratory methods. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of FLD was 12.5%, which was more than 3-fold higher in males than in females 2 (18.9% vs. 5.7%, chi(2) =359.624, P<0.001). The prevalence increased with age in females and males of less than 50 years. The prevalence of alcoholic, suspected alcoholic, and non-alcoholic FLD was 2.6%, 3.6%, and 6.3%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that 10 factors (male sex, age, BMI, FPG, hypertension, TG, TCh, HDL-C, LDL-C, and ALT abnormalities) were closely related to FLD. In heavy drinkers, obesity increased the risk of FLD by 23.78-fold (95% CI, 10.22-55.33), but heavy drinking was only associated with a 2-fold (95% CI, 1.50-2.66) increased risk in obese subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of FLD among a health-checkup population in Chengdu, Southwest China was lower than the published for other areas of China. FLD in Chengdu adults was found to be closely associated with sex, age, BMI, and other metabolic syndrome features.
