INTRODUCTIONOf the three cardinal manifestations of chronic pancreatitis-pain,diabetes mellitus and steatorrhea,it is pain thatbrings the patient to the physician and is the most difficultto manage.The intractabale pa...INTRODUCTIONOf the three cardinal manifestations of chronic pancreatitis-pain,diabetes mellitus and steatorrhea,it is pain thatbrings the patient to the physician and is the most difficultto manage.The intractabale pain that is quite展开更多
Background: Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is well established in Trinidad and serves as an indispensable modality in the rehabilitation of alcoholics. This study investigates the gender differences in socio-demographic ch...Background: Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is well established in Trinidad and serves as an indispensable modality in the rehabilitation of alcoholics. This study investigates the gender differences in socio-demographic characteristics and clinical presentation of AA members in Trinidad. Method: Data were collected along the following variables: age, gender, ethnicity, religion, age of onset of alcohol use, psychiatric diagnoses and intentions for seeking treatment. An investigation of 107 members attending AA groups in Trinidad was conducted and analyzed utilizing a demographic questionnaire and the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST). The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 16) was used to conduct all statistical analyses. Results: The age of the sample ranged from 22 to 78 with a mean age of 48.01 Males dominated the sample, accounting for 68% (n = 73), while females were 32% (n = 34). In terms of Ethnicity, East Indians accounted for 62% (n = 65) of the sample, Africans 14% (n = 15), Mixed 16% (n = 17) and other 7% (n = 7). Religious constitution was dominated by Hindus 36% (n = 38), Roman Catholics 21% (n = 22), other 14% (n = 15), Presbyterian 10% (n = 11), Pentecostal 9% (n =10), Muslim 5% (n = 6) and Anglican 4% (n = 5). Results utilizing the t-test showed that mean scores for males versus females differed significantly from each other (t (1,105) = 2.11, p = 0.036) with males having a higher score on the MAST compared to females. Overall 14% of individu?als indicated to having a co-morbid psychiatric disorder of which 10.5% were depression. Conclusion: Significant dif?ferences existed between genders in the clinical presentation of alcohol dependence. The composition and structure of AA groups in Trinidad is fashioned on a male gender bias. There is a need to address specific gender issues in the treatment of female alcoholics.展开更多
目的：比较精神分析治疗与嗜酒者互诫协会（AA）对降低酒依赖患者复饮率的有效性。方法将108例酒依赖患者随机分为精神分析治疗组（n ＝54）与 AA 治疗组（n ＝54），治疗时间为16周。两组患者在给予常规治疗的基础上，精神分析治疗组...目的：比较精神分析治疗与嗜酒者互诫协会（AA）对降低酒依赖患者复饮率的有效性。方法将108例酒依赖患者随机分为精神分析治疗组（n ＝54）与 AA 治疗组（n ＝54），治疗时间为16周。两组患者在给予常规治疗的基础上，精神分析治疗组进行每周两次的精神分析治疗，AA 组进行每周三下午的 AA 活动，在治疗前、治疗4周末、8周末、12周末、16周末，分别给予汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评估，在治疗前与治疗16周末分别使用症状自评量表（SCL －90）对两组患者进行评定，出院后6个月内保持每月一到两次的电话随访或门诊复查，以了解患者复饮的情况。结果两组治疗前HAMD 、SCL －90评分比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。治疗后两组 HAMD 评分均明显下降，且治疗后8，12，16周末精神分析治疗组评分低于 AA 治疗组，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。治疗后SCL －90评分中除精神病性障碍因子外，两组评分均较治疗前明显改善，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05），且精神分析治疗组躯体化、焦虑、抑郁、敌对、人际关系敏感和睡眠饮食不良评分优于 AA 治疗组，差异亦有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。出院后6个月两组复饮率比较，精神分析治疗组30．4％（14／54）低于 AA 组39．1％（18／54），但差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．431，P ＝0．511）；多因素 Cox 回归分析表明：精神分析治疗或 AA 治疗、对酒的依赖程度是影响酒依赖患者复饮率的因素。结论精神分析治疗与AA 对于酒依赖患者复饮率的降低均有明显效果，两组总体比较精神分析治疗组优于 AA 组，在治疗过程中精神分析治疗对于患者疾病的缓解明显优于 AA ，在出院后复饮率的比较上，两者差异不明显。展开更多
文摘INTRODUCTIONOf the three cardinal manifestations of chronic pancreatitis-pain,diabetes mellitus and steatorrhea,it is pain thatbrings the patient to the physician and is the most difficultto manage.The intractabale pain that is quite
文摘Background: Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is well established in Trinidad and serves as an indispensable modality in the rehabilitation of alcoholics. This study investigates the gender differences in socio-demographic characteristics and clinical presentation of AA members in Trinidad. Method: Data were collected along the following variables: age, gender, ethnicity, religion, age of onset of alcohol use, psychiatric diagnoses and intentions for seeking treatment. An investigation of 107 members attending AA groups in Trinidad was conducted and analyzed utilizing a demographic questionnaire and the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST). The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 16) was used to conduct all statistical analyses. Results: The age of the sample ranged from 22 to 78 with a mean age of 48.01 Males dominated the sample, accounting for 68% (n = 73), while females were 32% (n = 34). In terms of Ethnicity, East Indians accounted for 62% (n = 65) of the sample, Africans 14% (n = 15), Mixed 16% (n = 17) and other 7% (n = 7). Religious constitution was dominated by Hindus 36% (n = 38), Roman Catholics 21% (n = 22), other 14% (n = 15), Presbyterian 10% (n = 11), Pentecostal 9% (n =10), Muslim 5% (n = 6) and Anglican 4% (n = 5). Results utilizing the t-test showed that mean scores for males versus females differed significantly from each other (t (1,105) = 2.11, p = 0.036) with males having a higher score on the MAST compared to females. Overall 14% of individu?als indicated to having a co-morbid psychiatric disorder of which 10.5% were depression. Conclusion: Significant dif?ferences existed between genders in the clinical presentation of alcohol dependence. The composition and structure of AA groups in Trinidad is fashioned on a male gender bias. There is a need to address specific gender issues in the treatment of female alcoholics.
文摘目的：比较精神分析治疗与嗜酒者互诫协会（AA）对降低酒依赖患者复饮率的有效性。方法将108例酒依赖患者随机分为精神分析治疗组（n ＝54）与 AA 治疗组（n ＝54），治疗时间为16周。两组患者在给予常规治疗的基础上，精神分析治疗组进行每周两次的精神分析治疗，AA 组进行每周三下午的 AA 活动，在治疗前、治疗4周末、8周末、12周末、16周末，分别给予汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评估，在治疗前与治疗16周末分别使用症状自评量表（SCL －90）对两组患者进行评定，出院后6个月内保持每月一到两次的电话随访或门诊复查，以了解患者复饮的情况。结果两组治疗前HAMD 、SCL －90评分比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。治疗后两组 HAMD 评分均明显下降，且治疗后8，12，16周末精神分析治疗组评分低于 AA 治疗组，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。治疗后SCL －90评分中除精神病性障碍因子外，两组评分均较治疗前明显改善，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05），且精神分析治疗组躯体化、焦虑、抑郁、敌对、人际关系敏感和睡眠饮食不良评分优于 AA 治疗组，差异亦有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。出院后6个月两组复饮率比较，精神分析治疗组30．4％（14／54）低于 AA 组39．1％（18／54），但差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．431，P ＝0．511）；多因素 Cox 回归分析表明：精神分析治疗或 AA 治疗、对酒的依赖程度是影响酒依赖患者复饮率的因素。结论精神分析治疗与AA 对于酒依赖患者复饮率的降低均有明显效果，两组总体比较精神分析治疗组优于 AA 组，在治疗过程中精神分析治疗对于患者疾病的缓解明显优于 AA ，在出院后复饮率的比较上，两者差异不明显。
