目的分析我国1990—2019年胰腺炎疾病负担数据,为公共卫生策略的制定提供依据。方法采用2019年全球疾病负担的发病率、患病率、死亡率和伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALYs)的指标,对我国1990年至2019年间胰腺炎疾病...目的分析我国1990—2019年胰腺炎疾病负担数据,为公共卫生策略的制定提供依据。方法采用2019年全球疾病负担的发病率、患病率、死亡率和伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALYs)的指标,对我国1990年至2019年间胰腺炎疾病负担变化情况进行描述和分析。联结点回归模型用于分析胰腺炎疾病负担变化趋势和不同年龄组的疾病负担。结果中国胰腺炎的患病率自1990年以来呈上升趋势,发病率自2000年以后也呈上升趋势,而DALYs和饮酒导致的胰腺炎DALYs均呈下降趋势。死亡率则呈现明显的性别差异,男性总体呈上升趋势,而女性总体呈下降趋势。同时,无论是1990年还是2019年,胰腺炎导致的DALYs随着年龄段的增加而明显上升。结论过去30年,中国胰腺炎所导致的DALYs呈下降趋势,同时胰腺炎导致的疾病负担存在明显的性别和年龄差异。这些发现可为进一步减轻胰腺炎负担的公共卫生策略的制定提供重要依据。展开更多
Alcohol addiction constitutes a major health problem in the general population, it is a complex pathology characterized by the development of tolerance, physical dependence and compulsive ethanol-seeking behaviour tha...Alcohol addiction constitutes a major health problem in the general population, it is a complex pathology characterized by the development of tolerance, physical dependence and compulsive ethanol-seeking behaviour that often manifests as a chronic relapsing syndrome. 0ne of the major concerns in the treatment of alcohol-dependent patients is the prevention of relapse during periods of abstinence. The alcohol deprivation effect (ADE) is defined as a temporary increase in the voluntary intake of ethanol when it is reinstated after a period of alcohol deprivation and has been used as an animal model of relapse-like drinking. ADE can be used to evaluate the efficacy of possible pharmacological agents to prevent relapse drinking. The current study was undertaken to examine whether the high-alcohol-drinker UChB rats would display an ADE. Rats were given either continuous or periodic concurrent access to 10, 20% (vol/vol) of ethanol across deprivation cycles. UChB rats consuming ethanol voluntarily for two months, exhibit a robust ADE after a single deprivation period of two weeks. The increased alcohol intake during the early days of re-exposure, following a withdrawal phase, is attributed to a shift in preference towards the higher concentration of ethanol that might reflect an increase in craving for alcohol. Since an ADE is also observed in UChB rats, make this line of rats selectively bred for their high voluntary ethanol consumption, a useful model for study the efficacy of pharmacological agents for the treatment of relapse of alcohol consumption.展开更多
文摘目的分析我国1990—2019年胰腺炎疾病负担数据,为公共卫生策略的制定提供依据。方法采用2019年全球疾病负担的发病率、患病率、死亡率和伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALYs)的指标,对我国1990年至2019年间胰腺炎疾病负担变化情况进行描述和分析。联结点回归模型用于分析胰腺炎疾病负担变化趋势和不同年龄组的疾病负担。结果中国胰腺炎的患病率自1990年以来呈上升趋势,发病率自2000年以后也呈上升趋势,而DALYs和饮酒导致的胰腺炎DALYs均呈下降趋势。死亡率则呈现明显的性别差异,男性总体呈上升趋势,而女性总体呈下降趋势。同时,无论是1990年还是2019年,胰腺炎导致的DALYs随着年龄段的增加而明显上升。结论过去30年,中国胰腺炎所导致的DALYs呈下降趋势,同时胰腺炎导致的疾病负担存在明显的性别和年龄差异。这些发现可为进一步减轻胰腺炎负担的公共卫生策略的制定提供重要依据。
文摘Alcohol addiction constitutes a major health problem in the general population, it is a complex pathology characterized by the development of tolerance, physical dependence and compulsive ethanol-seeking behaviour that often manifests as a chronic relapsing syndrome. 0ne of the major concerns in the treatment of alcohol-dependent patients is the prevention of relapse during periods of abstinence. The alcohol deprivation effect (ADE) is defined as a temporary increase in the voluntary intake of ethanol when it is reinstated after a period of alcohol deprivation and has been used as an animal model of relapse-like drinking. ADE can be used to evaluate the efficacy of possible pharmacological agents to prevent relapse drinking. The current study was undertaken to examine whether the high-alcohol-drinker UChB rats would display an ADE. Rats were given either continuous or periodic concurrent access to 10, 20% (vol/vol) of ethanol across deprivation cycles. UChB rats consuming ethanol voluntarily for two months, exhibit a robust ADE after a single deprivation period of two weeks. The increased alcohol intake during the early days of re-exposure, following a withdrawal phase, is attributed to a shift in preference towards the higher concentration of ethanol that might reflect an increase in craving for alcohol. Since an ADE is also observed in UChB rats, make this line of rats selectively bred for their high voluntary ethanol consumption, a useful model for study the efficacy of pharmacological agents for the treatment of relapse of alcohol consumption.
