为了处理工业废水中重金属,在实验室条件下,对自制壳聚糖吸附重金属离子的规律进行了研究,提出了壳聚糖吸附模拟废水中的Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+的最佳条件。结果表明,在脱乙酰度为90%,粘度为100 cP.s的壳聚糖吸附Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+过程中,吸...为了处理工业废水中重金属,在实验室条件下,对自制壳聚糖吸附重金属离子的规律进行了研究,提出了壳聚糖吸附模拟废水中的Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+的最佳条件。结果表明,在脱乙酰度为90%,粘度为100 cP.s的壳聚糖吸附Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+过程中,吸附效果与壳聚糖的用量、吸附时间、溶液pH值有关,这3种因素对壳聚糖吸附重金属的吸附率影响显著。提出实验室条件下自制壳聚糖对Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+的最佳吸附条件,即壳聚糖吸附Cd2+的最佳条件:用量为10 g/L,吸附时间1 m in,溶液pH=8;吸附Pb2+用量为10g/L,吸附时间60 m in,溶液pH=6;吸附Cu2+用量10 g/L,吸附时间1 m in,溶液pH=5,为含有Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+重金属离子的工业废水的处理提供了小试基础,同时使得壳聚糖作为吸附剂新材料的应用有了进一步的发展。展开更多
Quantitative description of desorption stages of coalbed methane is an important basis to objectively understand the production of coalbed methane well,to diagnose the production state,and to optimize the management o...Quantitative description of desorption stages of coalbed methane is an important basis to objectively understand the production of coalbed methane well,to diagnose the production state,and to optimize the management of draining and collection of coalbed methane.A series of isothermal adsorption experiments were carried out with 12 anthracite samples from 6 coalbed methane wells located in the south of the Qinshui Basin,based on the results of isothermal adsorption experiments,and an analytical model was developed based on the Langmuir sorption theory.With the model,a numerical method that adopts equivalent desorption rate and its curve was established,which can be used to characterize the staged desorption of coalbed methane.According to the experimental and numerical characterizations,three key pressure points determined by the equivalent desorption rate curvature that defines pressure-declining desorption stage,have been proposed and confirmed,namely,start-up pressure,transition pressure and sensitive pressure.By using these three key pressure points,the process of coalbed methane desorption associated with isothermal adsorption experiments can be divided into four stages,i.e.,zero desorption stage,slow desorption stage,transition desorption stage,and sensitive desorption stage.According to analogy analysis,there are differences and similarities between the processes of coalbed methane desorption identified by isothermal adsorption experiments and observed in gas production.Moreover,it has been found that larger Langmuir volume and ratio of Langmuir constants are beneficial to earlier advent of steady production stage,whereas it is also possible that the declining production stage may occur ahead of schedule.展开更多
文摘为了处理工业废水中重金属,在实验室条件下,对自制壳聚糖吸附重金属离子的规律进行了研究,提出了壳聚糖吸附模拟废水中的Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+的最佳条件。结果表明,在脱乙酰度为90%,粘度为100 cP.s的壳聚糖吸附Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+过程中,吸附效果与壳聚糖的用量、吸附时间、溶液pH值有关,这3种因素对壳聚糖吸附重金属的吸附率影响显著。提出实验室条件下自制壳聚糖对Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+的最佳吸附条件,即壳聚糖吸附Cd2+的最佳条件:用量为10 g/L,吸附时间1 m in,溶液pH=8;吸附Pb2+用量为10g/L,吸附时间60 m in,溶液pH=6;吸附Cu2+用量10 g/L,吸附时间1 m in,溶液pH=5,为含有Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+重金属离子的工业废水的处理提供了小试基础,同时使得壳聚糖作为吸附剂新材料的应用有了进一步的发展。
基金supported by National KeyBasic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2009CB219605)Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40730422)Grand Science and Technology Special Project of China(Grant No. 2011ZX05034-04)
文摘Quantitative description of desorption stages of coalbed methane is an important basis to objectively understand the production of coalbed methane well,to diagnose the production state,and to optimize the management of draining and collection of coalbed methane.A series of isothermal adsorption experiments were carried out with 12 anthracite samples from 6 coalbed methane wells located in the south of the Qinshui Basin,based on the results of isothermal adsorption experiments,and an analytical model was developed based on the Langmuir sorption theory.With the model,a numerical method that adopts equivalent desorption rate and its curve was established,which can be used to characterize the staged desorption of coalbed methane.According to the experimental and numerical characterizations,three key pressure points determined by the equivalent desorption rate curvature that defines pressure-declining desorption stage,have been proposed and confirmed,namely,start-up pressure,transition pressure and sensitive pressure.By using these three key pressure points,the process of coalbed methane desorption associated with isothermal adsorption experiments can be divided into four stages,i.e.,zero desorption stage,slow desorption stage,transition desorption stage,and sensitive desorption stage.According to analogy analysis,there are differences and similarities between the processes of coalbed methane desorption identified by isothermal adsorption experiments and observed in gas production.Moreover,it has been found that larger Langmuir volume and ratio of Langmuir constants are beneficial to earlier advent of steady production stage,whereas it is also possible that the declining production stage may occur ahead of schedule.
