Rh血型抗体是除ABO血型抗体外最有意义的红细胞血型抗体,临床上常因Rh血型不合而引起免疫溶血性输血反应和母婴血型不合相关溶血性疾病,尤其是新生儿溶血病（hemolytic disease of newborn,HDN）。母婴Rh血型不合溶血性疾病发病的基础为...Rh血型抗体是除ABO血型抗体外最有意义的红细胞血型抗体,临床上常因Rh血型不合而引起免疫溶血性输血反应和母婴血型不合相关溶血性疾病,尤其是新生儿溶血病（hemolytic disease of newborn,HDN）。母婴Rh血型不合溶血性疾病发病的基础为胎-母输血,展开更多
ABO incompatible kidney transplantation(ABOi-KT) was previously considered to be an absolute contraindication for patients with end-stage kidney disease(ESKD) due to hyperacute rejection related to blood type barrier....ABO incompatible kidney transplantation(ABOi-KT) was previously considered to be an absolute contraindication for patients with end-stage kidney disease(ESKD) due to hyperacute rejection related to blood type barrier. Since the first successful series of ABOi-KT was reported, ABOi-KT is performed increasingly all over the world. ABOi-KT has led to an expanded donor pool and reduced the number of patients with ESKD awaiting deceased kidney transplantation(KT). Intensified immunosuppression and immunological understanding has helped to shape current desensitization protocols. Consequently, in recent years, ABOi-KT outcome is comparable to ABO compatible KT(ABOc-KT). However, many questions still remain unanswered. In ABOi-KT, there is an additional residual immunological risk that maylead to allograft damage, despite using current diverse but usually intensified immunosuppressive protocols at the expense of increasing risk of infection and possibly malignancy. Notably, in ABOi-KT, desensitization and antibody reduction therapies have increased the cost of KT. Reassuringly, there has been an evolution in ABOiKT leading to a simplification of protocols over the last decade. This review provides an overview of the history, outcome, protocol, advantages and disadvantages in ABOi-KT, and focuses on whether ABOi-KT should be recommended as a therapeutic option of KT in the future.展开更多
AIM:To study the relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhabitants of China, which is a unique Littoral high-risk area of esophageal carcinoma in China. The poor commu...AIM:To study the relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhabitants of China, which is a unique Littoral high-risk area of esophageal carcinoma in China. The poor communication and transportation in the past has made Chaoshan a relatively closed area and kept its culture and custure of old China thousand years ago. METHODS: Data on age, sex, ABO blood type and X-ray or pathological diagnose of the patients with carcinoma of esophagus or cardia were collected from the Tumor Hospital. First Affiliated Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College; and the Central Hospital of Shantou and the Central Hospital of Jieyang. A total of 6685 patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC) and 2955 patients with cardiac cancer (CC) in Chaoshan district were retrospectively assessed for their association with ABO blood groups. RESULTS: The distribution of ABO blood groups in patients with EC or CC was similar to the normal local population in Chaoshan. However, blood group B in male patients with CC and in the patients with carcinoma in the upper third esophagus was 2.3% and 4.7% higher than the corresponding controls. The relative risk B O was 1.1415 (P【0.05) and 1.2696 (P【0.05), respectively. No relationship was found between ABO blood groups and tumor differentiation. CONCLUSION: ABO blood group B is associated with the incidence of CC in male individuals and carcinoma in the upper third esophagus. The distribution of ABO blood groups varies in the different geographical and ethnic groups. As a result, proper controls are very important for such studies.展开更多
新生儿溶血病（hemolytic disease of the newborn,HDN）是因母胎红细胞血型不合,母体的免疫系统被胎儿红细胞致敏而产生血型IgG类抗体,这种血型IgG类抗体可以通过胎盘进入胎儿的血液循环,胎儿的红细胞被母亲的IgG血型抗体包被,并在婴...新生儿溶血病（hemolytic disease of the newborn,HDN）是因母胎红细胞血型不合,母体的免疫系统被胎儿红细胞致敏而产生血型IgG类抗体,这种血型IgG类抗体可以通过胎盘进入胎儿的血液循环,胎儿的红细胞被母亲的IgG血型抗体包被,并在婴儿的单核巨噬细胞系统内受到破坏而引起的免疫性溶血性疾病[1]。溶血出现后继发引起胎儿或新生儿发生贫血、肝脾肿大等症状,展开更多
ABO blood group system is the first to be discovered and the most clinically important in transfusion medicine.1The ABO gene encodes a glycosyltransferase which synthesize the oligosaccharide epitopes.The difference b...ABO blood group system is the first to be discovered and the most clinically important in transfusion medicine.1The ABO gene encodes a glycosyltransferase which synthesize the oligosaccharide epitopes.The difference between the consensus A gene （A101 allele） usually used as the reference and the consensus B gene （B101 allele） are 7 in-frame single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs）,among which only 4 alleles cause amino acid mutations in the enzyme.When A allele was inherited from one parent and B allele was inherited from the other which produced the AB blood group,this is known as trans-AB.Cis-AB is characterized as mutant ABO alleles encoding a glycosyltransferase capable of synthesizing both A and B antigens which is very rare.展开更多
文摘ABO incompatible kidney transplantation(ABOi-KT) was previously considered to be an absolute contraindication for patients with end-stage kidney disease(ESKD) due to hyperacute rejection related to blood type barrier. Since the first successful series of ABOi-KT was reported, ABOi-KT is performed increasingly all over the world. ABOi-KT has led to an expanded donor pool and reduced the number of patients with ESKD awaiting deceased kidney transplantation(KT). Intensified immunosuppression and immunological understanding has helped to shape current desensitization protocols. Consequently, in recent years, ABOi-KT outcome is comparable to ABO compatible KT(ABOc-KT). However, many questions still remain unanswered. In ABOi-KT, there is an additional residual immunological risk that maylead to allograft damage, despite using current diverse but usually intensified immunosuppressive protocols at the expense of increasing risk of infection and possibly malignancy. Notably, in ABOi-KT, desensitization and antibody reduction therapies have increased the cost of KT. Reassuringly, there has been an evolution in ABOiKT leading to a simplification of protocols over the last decade. This review provides an overview of the history, outcome, protocol, advantages and disadvantages in ABOi-KT, and focuses on whether ABOi-KT should be recommended as a therapeutic option of KT in the future.
基金Supported ty the Key Teacher Fund,Ministry of Education of China and Sir Li Ka-Ching Foundation.
文摘AIM:To study the relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhabitants of China, which is a unique Littoral high-risk area of esophageal carcinoma in China. The poor communication and transportation in the past has made Chaoshan a relatively closed area and kept its culture and custure of old China thousand years ago. METHODS: Data on age, sex, ABO blood type and X-ray or pathological diagnose of the patients with carcinoma of esophagus or cardia were collected from the Tumor Hospital. First Affiliated Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College; and the Central Hospital of Shantou and the Central Hospital of Jieyang. A total of 6685 patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC) and 2955 patients with cardiac cancer (CC) in Chaoshan district were retrospectively assessed for their association with ABO blood groups. RESULTS: The distribution of ABO blood groups in patients with EC or CC was similar to the normal local population in Chaoshan. However, blood group B in male patients with CC and in the patients with carcinoma in the upper third esophagus was 2.3% and 4.7% higher than the corresponding controls. The relative risk B O was 1.1415 (P【0.05) and 1.2696 (P【0.05), respectively. No relationship was found between ABO blood groups and tumor differentiation. CONCLUSION: ABO blood group B is associated with the incidence of CC in male individuals and carcinoma in the upper third esophagus. The distribution of ABO blood groups varies in the different geographical and ethnic groups. As a result, proper controls are very important for such studies.
文摘新生儿溶血病（hemolytic disease of the newborn,HDN）是因母胎红细胞血型不合,母体的免疫系统被胎儿红细胞致敏而产生血型IgG类抗体,这种血型IgG类抗体可以通过胎盘进入胎儿的血液循环,胎儿的红细胞被母亲的IgG血型抗体包被,并在婴儿的单核巨噬细胞系统内受到破坏而引起的免疫性溶血性疾病[1]。溶血出现后继发引起胎儿或新生儿发生贫血、肝脾肿大等症状,
文摘ABO blood group system is the first to be discovered and the most clinically important in transfusion medicine.1The ABO gene encodes a glycosyltransferase which synthesize the oligosaccharide epitopes.The difference between the consensus A gene （A101 allele） usually used as the reference and the consensus B gene （B101 allele） are 7 in-frame single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs）,among which only 4 alleles cause amino acid mutations in the enzyme.When A allele was inherited from one parent and B allele was inherited from the other which produced the AB blood group,this is known as trans-AB.Cis-AB is characterized as mutant ABO alleles encoding a glycosyltransferase capable of synthesizing both A and B antigens which is very rare.
