In order to transmit the secure message, a deterministic secure quantum direct communication protocol which was called ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol was proposed by Bostrrm and Felbinger [Bostrom K, et al. Phys Rev Lett, 200...In order to transmit the secure message, a deterministic secure quantum direct communication protocol which was called ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol was proposed by Bostrrm and Felbinger [Bostrom K, et al. Phys Rev Lett, 2002, 89： 187902]. But the protocol was proved very vulnerable, and can be attacked by an eavesdropper. An improved ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol is presented to overcome the problem. The GHZ state particles are used to detect eavesdroppers, and the classical XOR operation which serves as a one-time-pad is used to ensure the security of the protocol. During the security analysis, the method of the entropy theory is introduced, and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information which an eavesdropper can obtain and the interference introduced. If the eavesdropper gets the full information, the detection rate of the original ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol is 50%; the detection rate of the second protocol which used two particles of EPR pair as detection particles is also 50%; and the detection rate of the presented protocol is 75%. In the end, the security of the pro-posed protocol is discussed. The analysis results show that the improved ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol in this paper is more secure than the other two.展开更多
A low power mapping algorithm for technology independent AND/XOR circuits is proposed. In this algorithm, the average power of the static mixed-polarity Reed-Muller （MPRM） circuits is minimized by generating a two-i...A low power mapping algorithm for technology independent AND/XOR circuits is proposed. In this algorithm, the average power of the static mixed-polarity Reed-Muller （MPRM） circuits is minimized by generating a two-input gates circuit to optimize the switching active of nodes, and the power and area of MPRM circuits are estimated by using gates from a given library. On the basis of obtaining an optimal power MPRM circuit, the best mixed-polarity is found by combining an exhaustive searching method with polarity conversion algorithms. Our experiments over 18 benchmark circuits show that compared to the power optimization for fixed-polarity Reed-Muller circuits and AND/OR circuits, power saving is up to 44.22% and 60.09%, and area saving is up to 14.13% and 32.72%, respectively.展开更多
提出了一种新的基于位运算的图像加密算法 ,对数字图像进行加密和解密操作。利用非线性动力学系统的特性 ,结合 L ogistic映射和位运算中的异或操作设计了提出的算法。首先由输入的密钥和 L ogistic映射生成混沌序列 ,把得到的混沌序列...提出了一种新的基于位运算的图像加密算法 ,对数字图像进行加密和解密操作。利用非线性动力学系统的特性 ,结合 L ogistic映射和位运算中的异或操作设计了提出的算法。首先由输入的密钥和 L ogistic映射生成混沌序列 ,把得到的混沌序列经过适当处理后得到辅助数据序列 ,用此序列对图像数据逐字节进行异或操作得到加密图像 ;解密算法是加密算法的逆过程。实验结果表明提出的算法能够得到令人满意的结果。展开更多
In order to transmit secure messages,a quantum secure direct communication protocol based on a five-particle cluster state and classical XOR operation is presented.The five-particle cluster state is used to detect eav...In order to transmit secure messages,a quantum secure direct communication protocol based on a five-particle cluster state and classical XOR operation is presented.The five-particle cluster state is used to detect eavesdroppers,and the classical XOR operation serving as a one-time-pad is used to ensure the security of the protocol.In the security analysis,the entropy theory method is introduced,and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information that the eavesdroppers can obtain and the interference introduced.If the eavesdroppers intend to obtain all the information,the detection rate of the original ping-pong protocol is 50%;the second protocol,using two particles of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair as detection particles,is also 50%;while the presented protocol is 89%.Finally,the security of the proposed protocol is discussed,and the analysis results indicate that the protocol in this paper is more secure than the other two.展开更多
The basic indexes of all-optical integrated photonic circuits include high-density integration,ultrafast response and ultralow energy consumption.Traditional methods mainly adopt conventional micro/nano-structures.The...The basic indexes of all-optical integrated photonic circuits include high-density integration,ultrafast response and ultralow energy consumption.Traditional methods mainly adopt conventional micro/nano-structures.The overall size of the circuit is large,usually reaches hundreds of microns.Besides,it is difficult to balance the ultrafast response and ultra-low energy consumption problem,and the crosstalk between two traditional devices is difficult to overcome.Here,we propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach based on inverse design method to realize a high-density,ultrafast and ultra-low energy consumption integrated photonic circuit with two all-optical switches controlling the input states of an all-optical XOR logic gate.The feature size of the whole circuit is only 2.5μm×7μm,and that of a single device is 2μm×2μm.The distance between two adjacent devices is as small as 1.5μm,within wavelength magnitude scale.Theoretical response time of the circuit is 150 fs,and the threshold energy is within 10 fJ/bit.We have also considered the crosstalk problem.The circuit also realizes a function of identifying two-digit logic signal results.Our work provides a new idea for the design of ultrafast,ultra-low energy consumption all-optical devices and the implementation of high-density photonic integrated circuits.展开更多
Spin logics have emerged as a promising avenue for the development of logic-in-memory architectures.In particular,the realization of XOR spin logic gates using a single spin-orbit torque device shows great potential f...Spin logics have emerged as a promising avenue for the development of logic-in-memory architectures.In particular,the realization of XOR spin logic gates using a single spin-orbit torque device shows great potential for low-power stateful logic circuits in the next generation.In this study,we successfully obtained the XOR logic gate by utilizing a spin-orbit torque device with a lateral interface,which was created by local ion implantation in the Ta/Pt/Co/Ta Hall device exhibiting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.The angle of the lateral interface is set at 45°relative to the current direction,leading to the competition between symmetry breaking and current-driven Néel-type domain wall motion.Consequently,the field-free magnetic switching reversed is realized by the same sign of current amplitude at this interface.Based on this field-free magnetic switching behavior,we successfully proposed an XOR logic gate that could be implemented using only a single spin-orbit torque Hall device.This study provides a potentially viable approach toward efficient spin logics and in-memory computing architectures.展开更多
基金supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20060013007)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (Grant No. 4092029)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60873001)
文摘In order to transmit the secure message, a deterministic secure quantum direct communication protocol which was called ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol was proposed by Bostrrm and Felbinger [Bostrom K, et al. Phys Rev Lett, 2002, 89： 187902]. But the protocol was proved very vulnerable, and can be attacked by an eavesdropper. An improved ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol is presented to overcome the problem. The GHZ state particles are used to detect eavesdroppers, and the classical XOR operation which serves as a one-time-pad is used to ensure the security of the protocol. During the security analysis, the method of the entropy theory is introduced, and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information which an eavesdropper can obtain and the interference introduced. If the eavesdropper gets the full information, the detection rate of the original ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol is 50%; the detection rate of the second protocol which used two particles of EPR pair as detection particles is also 50%; and the detection rate of the presented protocol is 75%. In the end, the security of the pro-posed protocol is discussed. The analysis results show that the improved ＂Ping-pong＂ protocol in this paper is more secure than the other two.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61076032,60776022)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.20090461355)the Postdoctoral Research Projects of Zhejiang Province,China,and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(No.Y1101078)
文摘A low power mapping algorithm for technology independent AND/XOR circuits is proposed. In this algorithm, the average power of the static mixed-polarity Reed-Muller （MPRM） circuits is minimized by generating a two-input gates circuit to optimize the switching active of nodes, and the power and area of MPRM circuits are estimated by using gates from a given library. On the basis of obtaining an optimal power MPRM circuit, the best mixed-polarity is found by combining an exhaustive searching method with polarity conversion algorithms. Our experiments over 18 benchmark circuits show that compared to the power optimization for fixed-polarity Reed-Muller circuits and AND/OR circuits, power saving is up to 44.22% and 60.09%, and area saving is up to 14.13% and 32.72%, respectively.
文摘提出了一种新的基于位运算的图像加密算法 ,对数字图像进行加密和解密操作。利用非线性动力学系统的特性 ,结合 L ogistic映射和位运算中的异或操作设计了提出的算法。首先由输入的密钥和 L ogistic映射生成混沌序列 ,把得到的混沌序列经过适当处理后得到辅助数据序列 ,用此序列对图像数据逐字节进行异或操作得到加密图像 ;解密算法是加密算法的逆过程。实验结果表明提出的算法能够得到令人满意的结果。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (61100205)
文摘In order to transmit secure messages,a quantum secure direct communication protocol based on a five-particle cluster state and classical XOR operation is presented.The five-particle cluster state is used to detect eavesdroppers,and the classical XOR operation serving as a one-time-pad is used to ensure the security of the protocol.In the security analysis,the entropy theory method is introduced,and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information that the eavesdroppers can obtain and the interference introduced.If the eavesdroppers intend to obtain all the information,the detection rate of the original ping-pong protocol is 50%;the second protocol,using two particles of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair as detection particles,is also 50%;while the presented protocol is 89%.Finally,the security of the proposed protocol is discussed,and the analysis results indicate that the protocol in this paper is more secure than the other two.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2018YFB2200403the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11734001,91950204,92150302.
文摘The basic indexes of all-optical integrated photonic circuits include high-density integration,ultrafast response and ultralow energy consumption.Traditional methods mainly adopt conventional micro/nano-structures.The overall size of the circuit is large,usually reaches hundreds of microns.Besides,it is difficult to balance the ultrafast response and ultra-low energy consumption problem,and the crosstalk between two traditional devices is difficult to overcome.Here,we propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach based on inverse design method to realize a high-density,ultrafast and ultra-low energy consumption integrated photonic circuit with two all-optical switches controlling the input states of an all-optical XOR logic gate.The feature size of the whole circuit is only 2.5μm×7μm,and that of a single device is 2μm×2μm.The distance between two adjacent devices is as small as 1.5μm,within wavelength magnitude scale.Theoretical response time of the circuit is 150 fs,and the threshold energy is within 10 fJ/bit.We have also considered the crosstalk problem.The circuit also realizes a function of identifying two-digit logic signal results.Our work provides a new idea for the design of ultrafast,ultra-low energy consumption all-optical devices and the implementation of high-density photonic integrated circuits.
基金financially supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos.XDA18000000 and Y201926)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS (No.2020118)+1 种基金Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No.4244071)the Funding Support from Research Grants Council—Early Career Scheme (No.26200520)。
文摘Spin logics have emerged as a promising avenue for the development of logic-in-memory architectures.In particular,the realization of XOR spin logic gates using a single spin-orbit torque device shows great potential for low-power stateful logic circuits in the next generation.In this study,we successfully obtained the XOR logic gate by utilizing a spin-orbit torque device with a lateral interface,which was created by local ion implantation in the Ta/Pt/Co/Ta Hall device exhibiting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.The angle of the lateral interface is set at 45°relative to the current direction,leading to the competition between symmetry breaking and current-driven Néel-type domain wall motion.Consequently,the field-free magnetic switching reversed is realized by the same sign of current amplitude at this interface.Based on this field-free magnetic switching behavior,we successfully proposed an XOR logic gate that could be implemented using only a single spin-orbit torque Hall device.This study provides a potentially viable approach toward efficient spin logics and in-memory computing architectures.
