在分析通用软件形式化验证方法的基础上,这里设计提出了一种专门针对密码软件安全性的形式化验证方法。该方法采用ACSL(ANSI/ISO C Specification Language)语言对密码软件的安全性进行形式化描述,并采用自动证明与辅助证明相结合的方法...在分析通用软件形式化验证方法的基础上,这里设计提出了一种专门针对密码软件安全性的形式化验证方法。该方法采用ACSL(ANSI/ISO C Specification Language)语言对密码软件的安全性进行形式化描述,并采用自动证明与辅助证明相结合的方法,能够对软件的实现是否满足了对安全性至关重要的一些密码学特性进行有效验证。还以一个开源openssl实现中RC4算法的软件实现部分为例,给出了对其保险性进行验证的过程与步骤,结果表明了该方法的有效性。展开更多
It is important to evaluate function behaviors and performance features of task scheduling algorithm in the multi-processor system.A novel dynamic measurement method(DMM)was proposed to measure the task scheduling alg...It is important to evaluate function behaviors and performance features of task scheduling algorithm in the multi-processor system.A novel dynamic measurement method(DMM)was proposed to measure the task scheduling algorithm’s correctness and dependability.In a multi-processor system,task scheduling problem is represented by a combinatorial evaluation model,interactive Markov chain(IMC),and solution space of the algorithm with time and probability metrics is described by action-based continuous stochastic logic(aCSL).DMM derives a path by logging runtime scheduling actions and corresponding times.Through judging whether the derived path can be received by task scheduling IMC model,DMM analyses the correctness of algorithm.Through judging whether the actual values satisfy label function of the initial state,DMM analyses the dependability of algorithm.The simulation shows that DMM can effectively characterize the function behaviors and performance features of task scheduling algorithm.展开更多
目的:分析铁死亡相关基因长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶4(acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4,ACSL4)、转铁蛋白受体(transferrin receptor, TFRC)及Hippo通路关键分子Yes相关蛋白(Yes-associated protein,YAP)在间皮瘤组织中的表...目的:分析铁死亡相关基因长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶4(acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4,ACSL4)、转铁蛋白受体(transferrin receptor, TFRC)及Hippo通路关键分子Yes相关蛋白(Yes-associated protein,YAP)在间皮瘤组织中的表达水平、相关性及意义,观察YAP活化对间皮瘤细胞系211H侵袭转移能力及铁死亡敏感性的影响。方法:应用组织芯片技术和免疫组化法观察ACSL4、TFRC及YAP在30例间皮瘤组织和10例正常组织中的表达,分析蛋白水平及分布的相关性。GEPIA数据库分析基因ACSL4、TFRC和YAP在间皮瘤组织中的m RNA水平相关性。应用逆转录病毒载体于211H细胞中过表达活化型YAP S127A (serine-127突变为alanine),利用实时荧光定量PCR检测ACSL4及TFRC表达;利用划痕实验和transwell侵袭实验检测211H细胞迁移及侵袭能力;利用erastin刺激及SYTOX Green染色检测铁死亡敏感性。结果:间皮瘤组织中YAP细胞核表达、ACSL4及TFRC阳性表达率显著高于正常组织,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.0001)。经Spearman秩相关检验,ACSL4及TFRC蛋白在间皮瘤中的表达呈正相关(Spearman r=0.61,P=0.0003);YAP在细胞核中的表达与ACSL4表达呈正相关(Spearman r=0.4872,P=0.0063)。GEPIA数据库分析发现,YAP与ACSL4、ACSL4与TFRC在间皮瘤中的m RNA表达水平均呈正相关(Spearman r=0.33, P=0.0019;Spearman r=0.52,P=0.0000)。表达活化型YAP的211H细胞,ACSL4与TFRC m RNA水平与对照细胞相比均上调;迁移侵袭能力增强;铁死亡敏感性增强。结论:YAP、ACSL4及TFRC在间皮瘤组织中表达具有正相关性;YAP活化促进间皮瘤细胞侵袭转移能力,同时通过ACSL4及TFRC提高细胞对铁死亡诱导的敏感性。YAP、ACSL4及TFRC有望成为预测间皮瘤铁死亡敏感性的潜在生物学标志物。展开更多
While many drugs are effective at reducing the relapse frequency of multiple sclerosis (MS), there is an unmet need for treatments that slow neurodegeneration resulting from secondary disease progression. The mechanis...While many drugs are effective at reducing the relapse frequency of multiple sclerosis (MS), there is an unmet need for treatments that slow neurodegeneration resulting from secondary disease progression. The mechanism of neurodegeneration in MS has not yet been established. Here, we discovered a potential pathogenetic role of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death mechanism, in MS. We found that critical ferroptosis proteins (acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4, ACSL4) were altered in an existing genomic database of MS patients, and biochemical features of ferroptosis, including lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial shrinkage, were observed in the experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) mouse model. Targeting ferroptosis with ferroptosis inhibitors or reducing ACSL4 expression improved the behavioral phenotypes of EAE mice, reduced neuroinflammation, and prevented neuronal death. We found that ferroptosis was an early event in EAE, which may promote T-cell activation through T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that ferroptosis may be a potential target for treating MS.展开更多
长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶(acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain,ACSL)属于多基因家族编码的酶,位于内质网和线粒体外膜上的ACSL主要催化脂肪酸形成脂酰辅酶A(acyl-CoA),参与脂肪酸代谢、膜修饰等多种生理过程。ACSL家族在不同细胞的脂肪酸代谢...长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶(acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain,ACSL)属于多基因家族编码的酶,位于内质网和线粒体外膜上的ACSL主要催化脂肪酸形成脂酰辅酶A(acyl-CoA),参与脂肪酸代谢、膜修饰等多种生理过程。ACSL家族在不同细胞的脂肪酸代谢中发挥不同作用,其功能异常可导致如脂肪肝、动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病的发生。ACSL家族成员1(ACSL family member 1,ACSL1)作为ACSL家族在肝脏中的主要亚型,主要参与维持胆固醇稳定、脂肪酸活化以及胆汁酸代谢,同时与某些肝脏疾病如肝细胞癌、非酒精性脂肪肝的发生发展密切相关。本文综述了ACSL家族各成员的生理功能、作用特点,并阐释了ACSL1对脂质代谢、调节细胞铁死亡的影响以及在相关疾病如肝纤维化、肝细胞癌、恶病质、非酒精性脂肪肝、甲状腺癌以及乳腺癌发展中的作用机制的研究进展。展开更多
Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A(CoA)synthase 4(ACSL4)is an enzyme that esterifies CoA into specific polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as arachidonic acid and adrenic acid.Based on accumulated evidence,the ACSL4-catalyzed bi...Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A(CoA)synthase 4(ACSL4)is an enzyme that esterifies CoA into specific polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as arachidonic acid and adrenic acid.Based on accumulated evidence,the ACSL4-catalyzed biosynthesis of arachidonoyl-CoA contributes to the execution of ferroptosis by triggering phospholipid peroxidation.Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death caused by iron-dependent peroxidation of lipids;ACSL4 and glutathione peroxidase 4 positively and negatively regulate ferroptosis,respectively.In addition,ACSL4 is an essential regulator of fatty acid(FA)metabolism.ACSL4 remodels the phospholipid composition of cell membranes,regulates steroidogenesis,and balances eicosanoid biosynthesis.In addition,ACSL4-mediated metabolic reprogramming and antitumor immunity have attracted much attention in cancer biology.Because it facilitates the cross-talk between ferroptosis and FA metabolism,ACSL4 is also a research hotspot in metabolic diseases and ischemia/reperfusion injuries.In this review,we focus on the structure,biological function,and unique role of ASCL4 in various human diseases.Finally,we propose that ACSL4 might be a potential therapeutic target.展开更多
文摘在分析通用软件形式化验证方法的基础上,这里设计提出了一种专门针对密码软件安全性的形式化验证方法。该方法采用ACSL(ANSI/ISO C Specification Language)语言对密码软件的安全性进行形式化描述,并采用自动证明与辅助证明相结合的方法,能够对软件的实现是否满足了对安全性至关重要的一些密码学特性进行有效验证。还以一个开源openssl实现中RC4算法的软件实现部分为例,给出了对其保险性进行验证的过程与步骤,结果表明了该方法的有效性。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11371003 and 11461006)the Special Fund for Scientific and Technological Bases and Talents of Guangxi(No.2016AD05050)+3 种基金the Special Fund for Bagui Scholars of Guangxithe Major Tendering Project of the National Social Science Foundation(No.17ZDA160)the Sichuan Science and Technology Project(No.19YYJC0038)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,SWUN(No.2019NYB20)
文摘It is important to evaluate function behaviors and performance features of task scheduling algorithm in the multi-processor system.A novel dynamic measurement method(DMM)was proposed to measure the task scheduling algorithm’s correctness and dependability.In a multi-processor system,task scheduling problem is represented by a combinatorial evaluation model,interactive Markov chain(IMC),and solution space of the algorithm with time and probability metrics is described by action-based continuous stochastic logic(aCSL).DMM derives a path by logging runtime scheduling actions and corresponding times.Through judging whether the derived path can be received by task scheduling IMC model,DMM analyses the correctness of algorithm.Through judging whether the actual values satisfy label function of the initial state,DMM analyses the dependability of algorithm.The simulation shows that DMM can effectively characterize the function behaviors and performance features of task scheduling algorithm.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 81773965 to X.H.,81873064 to DO,and 81673664 to QZ).
文摘While many drugs are effective at reducing the relapse frequency of multiple sclerosis (MS), there is an unmet need for treatments that slow neurodegeneration resulting from secondary disease progression. The mechanism of neurodegeneration in MS has not yet been established. Here, we discovered a potential pathogenetic role of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death mechanism, in MS. We found that critical ferroptosis proteins (acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4, ACSL4) were altered in an existing genomic database of MS patients, and biochemical features of ferroptosis, including lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial shrinkage, were observed in the experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) mouse model. Targeting ferroptosis with ferroptosis inhibitors or reducing ACSL4 expression improved the behavioral phenotypes of EAE mice, reduced neuroinflammation, and prevented neuronal death. We found that ferroptosis was an early event in EAE, which may promote T-cell activation through T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that ferroptosis may be a potential target for treating MS.
文摘目的探究糖尿病肾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)血瘀证大鼠肾损害与肾脏铁死亡的潜在机制。方法将50只SPF级雄性SD大鼠分为对照组、DKD组、DKD血瘀证组。采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素的方法复制DKD大鼠模型,采用尾静脉注射右旋糖酐的方法复制DKD血瘀证模型。实验过程中观察大鼠血瘀证表现及检测24 h尿蛋白、血清肌酐、血尿素氮、血液流变学指标,采用苏木精-伊红染色、Masson染色、PAS染色观察肾脏的组织形态,采用透射电子显微镜观察铁死亡典型细胞的线粒体变化;采用免疫组织化学法、Western blot法检测肾组织铁死亡相关蛋白[长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶4(Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4,ACSL4)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4)]及肾脏纤维化指标[纤维连接蛋白(fibronectin,FN)、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白(typeⅣcollagen,Col-Ⅳ)]的表达水平。结果与对照组比较,DKD组大鼠肾脏病理变化加重,线粒体损伤明显,24 h尿蛋白含量,血清肌酐、血尿素氮水平及全血黏度、血浆黏度明显升高(P<0.05),肾脏ACSL4、FN和Col-Ⅳ及其mRNA表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),GPX4蛋白及其mRNA表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)。DKD血瘀证大鼠出现唇色黯淡、眼球黯红、耳廓紫红、舌下脉络紫黯等血瘀证表现,24 h尿蛋白和血清肌酐、血尿素氮水平明显高于DKD组,光学显微镜下可见肾脏出现明显的系膜基质增生、肾小球萎缩、肾间质胶原沉积和纤维化,电子显微镜下可见肾组织细胞线粒体损伤明显,嵴基本断裂,ACSL4、FN、Col-Ⅳ及其mRNA表达水平较DKD组明显上升(P<0.05),GPX4蛋白及其mRNA表达水平较DKD组明显下降(P<0.05)。结论DKD血瘀证大鼠肾脏损害更加严重,其机制可能与GPX4、ACSL4介导的铁死亡有关。
文摘长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶(acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain,ACSL)属于多基因家族编码的酶,位于内质网和线粒体外膜上的ACSL主要催化脂肪酸形成脂酰辅酶A(acyl-CoA),参与脂肪酸代谢、膜修饰等多种生理过程。ACSL家族在不同细胞的脂肪酸代谢中发挥不同作用,其功能异常可导致如脂肪肝、动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病的发生。ACSL家族成员1(ACSL family member 1,ACSL1)作为ACSL家族在肝脏中的主要亚型,主要参与维持胆固醇稳定、脂肪酸活化以及胆汁酸代谢,同时与某些肝脏疾病如肝细胞癌、非酒精性脂肪肝的发生发展密切相关。本文综述了ACSL家族各成员的生理功能、作用特点,并阐释了ACSL1对脂质代谢、调节细胞铁死亡的影响以及在相关疾病如肝纤维化、肝细胞癌、恶病质、非酒精性脂肪肝、甲状腺癌以及乳腺癌发展中的作用机制的研究进展。
基金supported by the Key Program of General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.81730018)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2021JC0003)
文摘Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A(CoA)synthase 4(ACSL4)is an enzyme that esterifies CoA into specific polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as arachidonic acid and adrenic acid.Based on accumulated evidence,the ACSL4-catalyzed biosynthesis of arachidonoyl-CoA contributes to the execution of ferroptosis by triggering phospholipid peroxidation.Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death caused by iron-dependent peroxidation of lipids;ACSL4 and glutathione peroxidase 4 positively and negatively regulate ferroptosis,respectively.In addition,ACSL4 is an essential regulator of fatty acid(FA)metabolism.ACSL4 remodels the phospholipid composition of cell membranes,regulates steroidogenesis,and balances eicosanoid biosynthesis.In addition,ACSL4-mediated metabolic reprogramming and antitumor immunity have attracted much attention in cancer biology.Because it facilitates the cross-talk between ferroptosis and FA metabolism,ACSL4 is also a research hotspot in metabolic diseases and ischemia/reperfusion injuries.In this review,we focus on the structure,biological function,and unique role of ASCL4 in various human diseases.Finally,we propose that ACSL4 might be a potential therapeutic target.
