AIM To assess the possible roles of cytokines (TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8) in liver damage of hepatitis B. METHODS The serum TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8 were detected by ELISA in 66 patients with hepat...AIM To assess the possible roles of cytokines (TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8) in liver damage of hepatitis B. METHODS The serum TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8 were detected by ELISA in 66 patients with hepatitis B and 20 healthy blood donors. RESULTS TNF α and IL 6 in all types of clinical hepatitis B were significantly higher than those in healthy blood donors ( P <0 05); meanwhile the levels of TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8 in the patients with fulminant hepatitis B were much higher than those in the patients with acute hepatitis B ( P <0 05); the level of TNF α was positively correlated with the levels of IFN γ, Il 6 and IL 8 in all types of hepatitis B ( r IFN =0 24, r IL 6 =0 35, r IL 8 =0 44) and the TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8 were positively correlated with serum bilirubin ( P <0 05). Dynamic changes of these cytokines were observed in the course of acute and fulminant hepatitis. The level of IFN γ peaked in the initial period of acute hepatitis and early stage of hepatic coma in fulminant hepatitis; TNF α, IL 6 and IL 8 increased with exacerbation, and reached a peak when the liver damage was most serious, then decreased when patient conditions were improved. CONCLUSION The increased cytokines were related to the inflammation of liver cells and multiple factors may play certain roles in liver damage.展开更多
N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is the most prevalent,abundant and conserved internal cotranscriptional modification in eukaryotic RNAs,especially within higher eukaryotic cells.m6A modification is modified by the m6A methyltr...N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is the most prevalent,abundant and conserved internal cotranscriptional modification in eukaryotic RNAs,especially within higher eukaryotic cells.m6A modification is modified by the m6A methyltransferases,or writers,such as METTL3/14/16,RBM15/15B,ZC3H3,VIRMA,CBLL1,WTAP,and KIAA1429,and,removed by the demethylases,or erasers,including FTO and ALKBH5.It is recognized by m6A-binding proteins YTHDF1/2/3,YTHDC1/2 IGF2BP1/2/3 and HNRNPA2B1,also known as"readers".Recent studies have shown that m6A RNA modification plays essential role in both physiological and pathological conditions,especially in the initiation and progression of different types of human cancers.In this review,we discuss how m6A RNA methylation influences both the physiological and pathological progressions of hematopoietic,central nervous and reproductive systems.We will mainly focus on recent progress in identifying the biological functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms of m6A RNA methylation,its regulators and downstream target genes,during cancer progression in above systems.We propose that m6A RNA methylation process offer potential targets for cancer therapy in the future.展开更多
Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health p...Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health problem among the people of all age ranges and the sufferers due to this abnormality increasing day by day.The aim of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms through which diabetes may induce osteoporosis.Diabetes mellitus generally exerts its effect on different parts of the body including bone cells specially the osteoblast and osteoclast,muscles,retina of the eyes,adipose tissue,endocrine system specially parathyroid hormone(PTH) and estrogen,cytokines,nervous system and digestive system.Diabetes negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and function while positively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function through the regulation of different intermediate factors and thereby decreases bone formation while increases bone resorption.Some factors such as diabetic neuropathy,reactive oxygen species,Vitamin D,PTH have their effects on muscle cells.Diabetes decreases the muscle strength through regulating these factors in various ways and ultimately increases the risk of fall that may cause bone fractures.展开更多
文摘AIM To assess the possible roles of cytokines (TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8) in liver damage of hepatitis B. METHODS The serum TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8 were detected by ELISA in 66 patients with hepatitis B and 20 healthy blood donors. RESULTS TNF α and IL 6 in all types of clinical hepatitis B were significantly higher than those in healthy blood donors ( P <0 05); meanwhile the levels of TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8 in the patients with fulminant hepatitis B were much higher than those in the patients with acute hepatitis B ( P <0 05); the level of TNF α was positively correlated with the levels of IFN γ, Il 6 and IL 8 in all types of hepatitis B ( r IFN =0 24, r IL 6 =0 35, r IL 8 =0 44) and the TNF α, IFN γ, IL 6 and IL 8 were positively correlated with serum bilirubin ( P <0 05). Dynamic changes of these cytokines were observed in the course of acute and fulminant hepatitis. The level of IFN γ peaked in the initial period of acute hepatitis and early stage of hepatic coma in fulminant hepatitis; TNF α, IL 6 and IL 8 increased with exacerbation, and reached a peak when the liver damage was most serious, then decreased when patient conditions were improved. CONCLUSION The increased cytokines were related to the inflammation of liver cells and multiple factors may play certain roles in liver damage.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,Stem Cell and Translational Research(to Y.B.C.,2016YFA0100900)also National Nature Science Foundation of China(U1902216,81772996,81672764,82060515)Yunnan Applied Basic Research Projects(2019FJ009,202001AS070037,2019FB106,2019FB1112019HB076 and AMHD-2020-1)。
文摘N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is the most prevalent,abundant and conserved internal cotranscriptional modification in eukaryotic RNAs,especially within higher eukaryotic cells.m6A modification is modified by the m6A methyltransferases,or writers,such as METTL3/14/16,RBM15/15B,ZC3H3,VIRMA,CBLL1,WTAP,and KIAA1429,and,removed by the demethylases,or erasers,including FTO and ALKBH5.It is recognized by m6A-binding proteins YTHDF1/2/3,YTHDC1/2 IGF2BP1/2/3 and HNRNPA2B1,also known as"readers".Recent studies have shown that m6A RNA modification plays essential role in both physiological and pathological conditions,especially in the initiation and progression of different types of human cancers.In this review,we discuss how m6A RNA methylation influences both the physiological and pathological progressions of hematopoietic,central nervous and reproductive systems.We will mainly focus on recent progress in identifying the biological functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms of m6A RNA methylation,its regulators and downstream target genes,during cancer progression in above systems.We propose that m6A RNA methylation process offer potential targets for cancer therapy in the future.
文摘Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health problem among the people of all age ranges and the sufferers due to this abnormality increasing day by day.The aim of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms through which diabetes may induce osteoporosis.Diabetes mellitus generally exerts its effect on different parts of the body including bone cells specially the osteoblast and osteoclast,muscles,retina of the eyes,adipose tissue,endocrine system specially parathyroid hormone(PTH) and estrogen,cytokines,nervous system and digestive system.Diabetes negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and function while positively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function through the regulation of different intermediate factors and thereby decreases bone formation while increases bone resorption.Some factors such as diabetic neuropathy,reactive oxygen species,Vitamin D,PTH have their effects on muscle cells.Diabetes decreases the muscle strength through regulating these factors in various ways and ultimately increases the risk of fall that may cause bone fractures.
